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在Angular應用中,可以通過創建基于角色的路由守衛來控制頁面訪問權限。以下是實現基于角色的路由守衛的步驟:
role.guard.ts
的路由守衛文件,并在其中實現一個RoleGuard
類。import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { CanActivate, ActivatedRouteSnapshot, RouterStateSnapshot, UrlTree, Router } from '@angular/router';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class RoleGuard implements CanActivate {
constructor(private authService: AuthService, private router: Router) {}
canActivate(
next: ActivatedRouteSnapshot,
state: RouterStateSnapshot): Observable<boolean | UrlTree> | Promise<boolean | UrlTree> | boolean | UrlTree {
const expectedRole = next.data.expectedRole;
const currentUser = this.authService.getCurrentUser();
if (!currentUser || currentUser.role !== expectedRole) {
this.router.navigate(['/unauthorized']);
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
auth.service.ts
的認證服務文件,并在其中實現一個AuthService
類,用于獲取當前用戶的角色信息。import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class AuthService {
private currentUser: any;
getCurrentUser() {
return this.currentUser;
}
setCurrentUser(user: any) {
this.currentUser = user;
}
}
canActivate
屬性,并指定RoleGuard
路由守衛。import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';
import { HomeComponent } from './home/home.component';
import { AdminComponent } from './admin/admin.component';
import { RoleGuard } from './role.guard';
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: 'home', component: HomeComponent },
{
path: 'admin',
component: AdminComponent,
canActivate: [RoleGuard],
data: { expectedRole: 'admin' }
},
{ path: 'unauthorized', component: UnauthorizedComponent }
];
@NgModule({
imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule {}
AuthService
設置當前用戶的角色信息,并根據角色信息進行路由導航。import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-login',
templateUrl: './login.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./login.component.css']
})
export class LoginComponent {
constructor(private authService: AuthService) {}
login() {
// Mock login logic
const user = { role: 'admin' };
this.authService.setCurrentUser(user);
// Redirect to admin page
this.router.navigate(['/admin']);
}
}
通過以上步驟,就可以在Angular應用中實現基于角色的路由守衛,來控制頁面訪問權限。當用戶嘗試訪問需要特定角色權限的頁面時,路由守衛會檢查當前用戶的角色信息,如果不符合要求則會重定向到未授權頁面。
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