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這篇“Java實現圖書管理系統的代碼怎么寫”文章的知識點大部分人都不太理解，所以小編給大家總結了以下內容，內容詳細，步驟清晰，具有一定的借鑒價值，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章能有所收獲，下面我們一起來看看這篇“Java實現圖書管理系統的代碼怎么寫”文章吧。
此圖書管理系統借助IDEA開發工具實現
圖書館系統一共有兩種身份的訪問：
1.管理員身份:
2.普通用戶身份:
我們一共有三個包分別是book,operations,user實現.
main函數主要進行大致流程的進行，圖書庫的初始化，圖書管理系統的登錄，以及具體操作的選擇，即實施.
import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.先初始化圖書庫，以及初始化:
BookList bookList = new BookList();
//2.登錄
User user = login();//向上轉型，User接受管理員或者用戶對象
//3.打印菜單,進行具體操作
while(true) {
int choice = user.menu();
user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
}
}
}登錄功能：
public static User login() {
System.out.println("請輸入你的姓名: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String userName = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("請輸入你的身份: 1-> 管理員 2-> 用戶");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
if(choice == 1) {
return new AdminUser(userName);
}else {
return new NormalUser(userName);
}
}
因為有兩套系統，管理員和普通用戶，所以我們將共同屬性提取出來一個User抽象類，以達到代碼復用
package user;
import book.BookList;
import operations.IOperation;
public abstract class User {
protected String name;
IOperation[] iOperations;
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
iOperations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}package user;
import operations.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DelOperation(),
new DisplayOperation()
};
}
public int menu() {
System.out.println("歡迎: "+name+"來到圖書館");
System.out.println("**********************************");
System.out.println("1. 查找圖書");
System.out.println("2. 新增圖書");
System.out.println("3. 刪除圖書");
System.out.println("4. 顯示圖書");
System.out.println("0. 退出圖書");
System.out.println("**********************************");
System.out.println("請輸入你的操作: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}package user;
import operations.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOperation(),
new ReturnOperation()
};
}
public int menu() {
System.out.println("歡迎: "+name+"來到圖書館");
System.out.println("**********************************");
System.out.println("1. 查找圖書");
System.out.println("2. 借閱圖書");
System.out.println("3. 歸還圖書");
System.out.println("0. 退出圖書");
System.out.println("**********************************");
System.out.println("請輸入你的操作: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}我們對book的屬性進行書寫，以及在BookList種對圖書庫的書進行初始化.
package book;
public class Book {
private String name;//書名
private String author;//作者
private int price;//價格
private String type;//書的類型
private boolean isBorrowed;//書默認未借出
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public boolean isBorrowed() {
return isBorrowed;
}
public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
isBorrowed = borrowed;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
","+ ((isBorrowed == true) ? "該書已借出" : "該書未借出" )+
'}';
}
}package book;
public class BookList {
public Book[] books = new Book[100];
public int usedSize;//用來存當前共有多少本書
/**
* 事先通過代碼塊
*
* 事先存進去三本書
*/
{
books[0] = new Book("java","高斯林",95,"IT");
books[1] = new Book("C++","姚琳",93,"IT");
books[2] = new Book("python","馬瑟斯",80,"IT");
this.usedSize = 3;
}
public Book getPos(int pos) {
//獲取某一位置的書
return books[pos];
}
public void setBooks(Book book,int pos) {
//存儲一本書 到指定位置
books[pos] = book;
}
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
}我們的圖書管理系統有很多具體的操作，為了后面方便多態，以及檢驗錯誤，所以我們實現一個具體的IOperation接口，每一個具體的操作去實現這個接口.
package operations;
import book.BookList;
public interface IOperation {
void work(BookList bookList);
}增加圖書：
package operations;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AddOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("新增圖書! ");
System.out.println("請輸入要新增的圖書的名字: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("請輸入要新增的圖書的作者: ");
String author = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("請輸入要新增的圖書的價格: ");
int price = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("請輸入要新增的圖書的類型: ");
String type = scanner.nextLine();
Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);
//1.獲取當前書存放的位置
int curSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
//2.把書放在指定位置
bookList.setBooks(book,curSize);
//3.更新書的個數
bookList.setUsedSize(curSize+1);
}
}借閱圖書:
package operations;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("借閱圖書! ");
System.out.println("請輸入要借閱的圖書的名字: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())) {
if(book.isBorrowed()) {
System.out.println("該書已經被借出! ");
}else {
book.setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("借閱圖書成功! ");
return;
}
}
}
System.out.println("沒有你要借閱的書! ");
}
}刪除圖書:
package operations;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("刪除圖書! ");
System.out.println("請輸入要刪除的圖書: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
//查找圖書是否有此圖書，記錄下標
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())) {
index = i;
break;
}
}
if(index == -1) {
System.out.println("沒有 "+name+"這本書!");
return;
}
for (int i = index; i < bookList.getUsedSize()-1; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getPos(i+1);
bookList.setBooks(book,i);
}
//刪除的書,要置空
bookList.setBooks(null, bookList.getUsedSize()-1);
bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()-1);
}
}顯示圖書:
package operations;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("顯示圖書! ");
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}退出圖書：
package operations;
import book.BookList;
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("退出系統! ");
System.exit(0);
}
}查找圖書:
package operations;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
//查找圖書
System.out.println("查找圖書! ");
System.out.println("請輸入要查找的圖書: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())) {
System.out.println("找到了! ");
System.out.println(book);
return;
}
}
System.out.println("沒有這本書! ");
}
}歸還圖書:
package operations;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("歸還圖書! ");
System.out.println("請輸入要歸還的圖書的名字: ");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book = bookList.getPos(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())) {
book.setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("歸還圖書成功! ");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("沒有你要歸還的書! ");
}
}以上就是關于“Java實現圖書管理系統的代碼怎么寫”這篇文章的內容，相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望小編分享的內容對大家有幫助，若想了解更多相關的知識內容，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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