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Spring Boot與Angular集成開發是一種現代化的全棧開發方式,它將Java Spring Boot后端與前端JavaScript框架Angular結合起來,以實現高效、快速的開發。以下是集成開發的步驟和一些關鍵要點:
創建Spring Boot項目:
項目結構:
my-spring-boot-app/
├── src/
│ ├── main/
│ │ ├── java/com/example/demo/
│ │ │ └── DemoApplication.java
│ │ ├── resources/
│ │ │ ├── application.properties
│ │ │ └── static/
│ │ └── templates/
│ └── test/
└── pom.xml
配置文件:
application.properties
文件,配置數據庫連接、端口號等。創建Angular項目:
ng new my-angular-app
項目結構:
my-angular-app/
├── src/
│ ├── app/
│ │ ├── app.component.ts
│ │ ├── app.module.ts
│ │ └── ...
│ ├── assets/
│ ├── environments/
│ ├── favicon.ico
│ ├── index.html
│ ├── main.ts
│ ├── polyfills.ts
│ ├── test/
│ └── tsconfig.json
├── angular.json
├── package.json
└── tslint.json
配置文件:
angular.json
文件,配置構建和開發服務器。創建Controller:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@GetMapping("/users")
public List<User> getAllUsers() {
return userRepository.findAll();
}
@PostMapping("/users")
public User createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
return userRepository.save(user);
}
}
創建Repository:
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}
創建服務:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class UserService {
private apiUrl = 'http://localhost:8080/api';
constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
getAllUsers(): Observable<User[]> {
return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}/users`);
}
createUser(user: User): Observable<User> {
return this.http.post(`${this.apiUrl}/users`, user);
}
}
創建組件:
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { UserService } from '../user.service';
import { User } from '../user';
@Component({
selector: 'app-users',
templateUrl: './users.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./users.component.css']
})
export class UsersComponent implements OnInit {
users: User[] = [];
newUser: User = { name: '', email: '' };
constructor(private userService: UserService) { }
ngOnInit(): void {
this.userService.getAllUsers().subscribe(data => {
this.users = data;
});
}
onSubmit() {
this.userService.createUser(this.newUser).subscribe(data => {
this.users.push(data);
this.newUser = { name: '', email: '' };
});
}
}
./mvnw spring-boot:run
啟動Angular開發服務器:
ng serve
訪問應用:
http://localhost:4200
,查看集成后的應用。通過以上步驟,你已經成功地將Spring Boot后端與Angular前端集成在一起。這種集成方式使得前后端開發更加高效,代碼結構更加清晰,便于維護和擴展。
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