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這篇文章給大家介紹怎樣理解ASP.NET的設計思想，內容非常詳細，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考借鑒，希望對大家能有所幫助。
自從有了html與http，就有了瀏覽器與Web服務器，并有了Web應用，最初的交互模式是這樣的：
該模式很好地運行了很多年。然而，隨著計算機應用的發展，人們越來越不滿足于只有靜態內容的頁面，而由某種機制動態產生html等代碼的需求越來越迫切，于是，很多技術就應運而生，ASP.NET就是這樣一種技術。從本質上講，ASP.NET就是一種服務器端動態產生html、css、javascript等瀏覽器認識的代碼的技術。ASP.NET的交互模式如下：
由該圖可知，ASP.NET必須解決兩大問題，一是如何與Web服務器（一般就是指IIS）進行交互，二是如何根據不同請求產生不同的html等代碼。
***個問題，根據IIS版本（5.*，6.0，7.0）的不同，ASP.NET具有不同的進程模式與不同的交互模式，該問題不是本篇要講述的。一般來說，大家不必關心該問題，而且要了解該問題，又必須清楚IIS各個版本的模型，而各個版本又各有各的不同，因此，我基本不準備講述這個問題，大家有興趣的話，可以自行搜索相關資料。
我們來討論第二個問題，這里首先要說明的是，因為IIS7.0進程模式的變化比較大，我也沒去了解IIS7.0的模型，因此，以下講述及以后講述將只針對IIS5.*與IIS6.0。我們有理由認為，針對IIS5.*與IIS6.0的講述一般同樣適用于IIS7.0。
先且按下該問題不表，我們來看一段請求玉帝把大象放到冰箱里的代碼（為什么不是上帝？因為我中華不歸上帝管），請大家先跟著我的思路來，別急，別急。
System;
namespace ConsoleApplication3
11_Open_Text').style.display='none'; document.getElementById('Codehighlighter1_45_2811_Closed_Image').style.display='inline'; document.getElementById('Codehighlighter1_45_2811_Closed_Text').style.display='inline';" src="/files/uploadimg/20090423/1047402.gif" align=top>[object Object] Program
[object Object][object Object] void Main(string[] args)
[object Object][object Object] Emperor();
[object Object] while (true)
[object Object][object Object] elephantName = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("輸入大象的體重：");
[object Object] int elephantWeight = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("輸入冰箱的名字：");
[object Object] string refrigeratorName = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object]
[object Object] Elephant elephant = new Elephant()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Refrigerator refrigerator = new Refrigerator()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object]
[object Object] Context context = new Context()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object]
[object Object] emperor.ProcessRequest(context);
[object Object]
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("是否要玉帝繼續把大象關進冰箱里？");
[object Object] string answer = Console.ReadLine();
if (answer == "n")
break;
}
[object Object] }
}
class Emperor
void ProcessRequest(Context context)
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝打開了 {0} 的冰箱門。", refrigerator.Name));
[object Object]
[object Object] //第二步，把大象放進去
[object Object] refrigerator.Content = elephant;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝把大象 {0} 放到冰箱 {1} 里了。", elephant.Name, refrigerator.Name));
[object Object]
[object Object] //第三步，關上冰箱門
[object Object] refrigerator.IsOpen = false;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝關上了 {0} 的冰箱門。", refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Elephant
[object Object][object Object] string Name ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public int Weight; set; }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Refrigerator
[object Object][object Object] string Name ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public bool IsOpen ; set; }
[object Object]
[object Object] private object m_Content;
[object Object] public object Content
[object Object][object Object] this.m_Content; }
[object Object] set
[object Object][object Object] (!this.IsOpen)
[object Object] throw new InvalidOperationException("冰箱門未打開，無法放進東西。");
[object Object] if (this.m_Content != null)
[object Object] throw new InvalidOperationException("冰箱內有東西，無法放進新的東西。");
[object Object]
[object Object] this.m_Content = value;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Context
[object Object][object Object] Elephant Elephant ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public Refrigerator Refrigerator ; set; }
[object Object] }
[object Object]}請大家先認真讀懂該代碼，該代碼不會有問題吧，如果有問題，那么還請你一定先讀懂該代碼再往下看。
后來，玉帝累了，他想啊，我堂堂玉帝，居然親自干這種沒含量的活，但是顧客是玉帝的玉帝，又不能不干。于是，玉帝找了兩個手下（把門大神、神象星宿）來幫他干活。
_Text_112146').style.display='none'; document.getElementById('Code_Open_Image_112146').style.display='inline'; document.getElementById('Code_Open_Text_112146').style.display='inline';" height=16 src="/files/uploadimg/20090423/1047403.gif" width=11 align=top>[object Object] System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace ConsoleApplication3
[object Object][object Object] Program
[object Object][object Object] void Main(string[] args)
[object Object][object Object] Emperor();
[object Object] emperor.Init();
[object Object]
[object Object] while (true)
[object Object][object Object] elephantName = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("輸入大象的體重：");
[object Object] int elephantWeight = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("輸入冰箱的名字：");
[object Object] string refrigeratorName = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object]
[object Object] Elephant elephant = new Elephant()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Refrigerator refrigerator = new Refrigerator()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object]
[object Object] Context context = new Context()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object]
[object Object] emperor.ProcessRequest(context);
[object Object]
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("是否要玉帝繼續把大象關進冰箱里？");
[object Object] string answer = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object] if (answer == "n")
[object Object] break;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Emperor
[object Object][object Object] IList<IEmperorModule> m_Modules;
[object Object][object Object] public Context Context ; set; }
[object Object]
[object Object] public void Init()
[object Object][object Object] List<IEmperorModule>();
[object Object] m_Modules.Add(new OpenCloseRefrigeratorDoorModule());
[object Object] m_Modules.Add(new PutElephantToRefrigeratorModule());
[object Object]
[object Object] foreach (IEmperorModule module in this.m_Modules)
[object Object][object Object] );
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] public void ProcessRequest(Context context)
[object Object][object Object] .Context = context;
[object Object]
[object Object] this.OnOpenRefrigeratorDoor();
[object Object] this.OnPutElephantToRefrigerator();
[object Object] this.OnCloseRefrigeratorDoor();
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] public event EventHandler OpenRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object] public event EventHandler PutElephantToRefrigerator;
[object Object] public event EventHandler CloseRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object]
[object Object] protected virtual void OnOpenRefrigeratorDoor()
[object Object][object Object] .OpenRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object] if (handler != null)
[object Object][object Object] , EventArgs.Empty);
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] protected virtual void OnPutElephantToRefrigerator()
[object Object][object Object] .PutElephantToRefrigerator;
[object Object] if (handler != null)
[object Object][object Object] , EventArgs.Empty);
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] protected virtual void OnCloseRefrigeratorDoor()
[object Object][object Object] .CloseRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object] if (handler != null)
[object Object][object Object] , EventArgs.Empty);
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Elephant
[object Object][object Object] string Name ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public int Weight; set; }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Refrigerator
[object Object][object Object] string Name ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public bool IsOpen ; set; }
[object Object]
[object Object] private object m_Content;
[object Object] public object Content
[object Object][object Object] this.m_Content; }
[object Object] set
[object Object][object Object] (!this.IsOpen)
[object Object] throw new InvalidOperationException("冰箱門未打開，無法放進東西。");
[object Object] if (this.m_Content != null)
[object Object] throw new InvalidOperationException("冰箱內有東西，無法放進新的東西。");
[object Object]
[object Object] this.m_Content = value;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Context
[object Object][object Object] Elephant Elephant ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public Refrigerator Refrigerator ; set; }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] interface IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] Init(Emperor emperor);
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class OpenCloseRefrigeratorDoorModule : IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] void Init(Emperor emperor)
[object Object][object Object] EventHandler(this.OpenDoor);
[object Object] emperor.CloseRefrigeratorDoor += new EventHandler(this.CloseDoor);
[object Object] }
[object Object] #endregion
[object Object]
[object Object] private void OpenDoor(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝的把門大神打開了 {0} 的冰箱門。", refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] private void CloseDoor(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝的把門大神關上了 {0} 的冰箱門。", refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class PutElephantToRefrigeratorModule : IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] void Init(Emperor emperor)
[object Object][object Object] EventHandler(this.PutElephantToRefrigerator);
[object Object] }
[object Object] #endregion
[object Object]
[object Object] private void PutElephantToRefrigerator(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] .Format("玉帝的神象星宿把大象 {0} 放到冰箱 {1} 里了。", elephant.Name, refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]}觀測該代碼有哪些變化？玉帝增加了一個Init方法，該方法召集了那些干活的手下，并交待手下你們要干的事情（初始化）。所有手下都繼承自IEmperorModule接口，該接口有一個Init方法，以初始化該手下能干的活。玉帝的ProcessRequest方法不再親自干活了，而僅僅是在那邊喊，該開門了，該把大象放進去了，該關門了。
來點題外話，上面代碼應用了模板方法模式，或者說是模板方法的變種。什么，不是，沒有抽象類，沒有抽象方法，沒有子類？請問，模板方法一定要有抽象類嗎？一定要有抽象方法嗎？一定要有子類嗎？我想，模板方法的精髓，在于它規定了特定的步驟算法，而這些步驟在必要的時候可以委托給其它方法實現。在傳統的模板方法中，是委托給子類實現，而在我們擁有委托的情況下，難道我們不能委托給其它類實現嗎？其實，我想，學習設計模式，不要拘泥于形式，而要掌握其精髓，并靈活運用。就Gof的23種設計模式來說，我覺得其精髓幾乎全部可由一句話概括。）
天有不測風云，人有旦夕禍福，某一天，這神象星宿病了，他趕不動超過1000斤的大象了，怎么辦？玉帝于是又召集了超級神象星宿，可但凡有點能耐的都有點脾氣，超級神象星宿表示，只有其它人趕不動的大象他才來趕。
[object Object][object Object] System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace ConsoleApplication3
[object Object][object Object] Program
[object Object][object Object] void Main(string[] args)
[object Object][object Object] Emperor();
[object Object] emperor.Init();
[object Object]
[object Object] while (true)
[object Object][object Object] elephantName = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("輸入大象的體重：");
[object Object] int elephantWeight = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("輸入冰箱的名字：");
[object Object] string refrigeratorName = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object]
[object Object] Elephant elephant = new Elephant()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Refrigerator refrigerator = new Refrigerator()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object]
[object Object] Context context = new Context()
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object]
[object Object] emperor.ProcessRequest(context);
[object Object]
[object Object] Console.WriteLine("是否要玉帝繼續把大象關進冰箱里？");
[object Object] string answer = Console.ReadLine();
[object Object] if (answer == "n")
[object Object] break;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Emperor
[object Object][object Object] IList<IEmperorModule> m_Modules;
[object Object][object Object] public Context Context ; set; }
[object Object]
[object Object] public void Init()
[object Object][object Object] List<IEmperorModule>();
[object Object] m_Modules.Add(new OpenCloseRefrigeratorDoorModule());
[object Object] m_Modules.Add(new PutElephantToRefrigeratorModule());
[object Object] m_Modules.Add(new SuperPutElephantToRefrigeratorModule());
[object Object]
[object Object] foreach (IEmperorModule module in this.m_Modules)
[object Object][object Object] );
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] public void ProcessRequest(Context context)
[object Object][object Object] .Context = context;
[object Object]
[object Object] this.OnOpenRefrigeratorDoor();
[object Object] this.OnPutElephantToRefrigerator();
[object Object] this.OnCloseRefrigeratorDoor();
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] public event EventHandler OpenRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object] public event EventHandler PutElephantToRefrigerator;
[object Object] public event EventHandler CloseRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object]
[object Object] protected virtual void OnOpenRefrigeratorDoor()
[object Object][object Object] .OpenRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object] if (handler != null)
[object Object][object Object] , EventArgs.Empty);
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] protected virtual void OnPutElephantToRefrigerator()
[object Object][object Object] .PutElephantToRefrigerator;
[object Object] if (handler != null)
[object Object][object Object] , EventArgs.Empty);
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] protected virtual void OnCloseRefrigeratorDoor()
[object Object][object Object] .CloseRefrigeratorDoor;
[object Object] if (handler != null)
[object Object][object Object] , EventArgs.Empty);
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Elephant
[object Object][object Object] string Name ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public int Weight; set; }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Refrigerator
[object Object][object Object] string Name ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public bool IsOpen ; set; }
[object Object]
[object Object] private object m_Content;
[object Object] public object Content
[object Object][object Object] this.m_Content; }
[object Object] set
[object Object]Id('Codehighlighter1_3485_3771_Closed_Text').style.display='none'; document.getElementById('Codehighlighter1_3485_3771_Open_Image').style.display='inline'; document.getElementById('Codehighlighter1_3485_3771_Open_Text').style.display='inline';" src="/files/uploadimg/20090423/1047407.gif" align=top> (!this.IsOpen)
[object Object] throw new InvalidOperationException("冰箱門未打開，無法放進東西。");
[object Object] if (this.m_Content != null)
[object Object] throw new InvalidOperationException("冰箱內有東西，無法放進新的東西。");
[object Object]
[object Object] this.m_Content = value;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class Context
[object Object][object Object] Elephant Elephant ; set; }
[object Object][object Object] public Refrigerator Refrigerator ; set; }
[object Object]
[object Object] private IDictionary<string, object> m_Items;
[object Object] public IDictionary<string, object> Items
[object Object][object Object]
[object Object][object Object] none; BORDER-LEFT: #808080 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #808080 1px solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff">[object Object] (this.m_Items == null)
[object Object] this.m_Items = new Dictionary<string, object>();
[object Object] return this.m_Items;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] interface IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] Init(Emperor emperor);
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class OpenCloseRefrigeratorDoorModule : IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] void Init(Emperor emperor)
[object Object][object Object] EventHandler(this.OpenDoor);
[object Object] emperor.CloseRefrigeratorDoor += new EventHandler(this.CloseDoor);
[object Object] }
[object Object] #endregion
[object Object]
[object Object] private void OpenDoor(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝的把門大神打開了 {0} 的冰箱門。", refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] private void CloseDoor(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝的把門大神關上了 {0} 的冰箱門。", refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class PutElephantToRefrigeratorModule : IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] void Init(Emperor emperor)
[object Object][object Object] EventHandler(this.PutElephantToRefrigerator);
[object Object] }
[object Object] #endregion
[object Object]
[object Object] private void PutElephantToRefrigerator(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] (elephant.Weight > 1000)
[object Object][object Object]
[object Object] else
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝的神象星宿把大象 {0} 放到冰箱 {1} 里了。", elephant.Name, refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] class SuperPutElephantToRefrigeratorModule : IEmperorModule
[object Object][object Object] void Init(Emperor emperor)
[object Object][object Object] EventHandler(this.PutElephantToRefrigerator);
[object Object] }
[object Object] #endregion
[object Object]
[object Object] private void PutElephantToRefrigerator(object sender, EventArgs e)
[object Object][object Object] hasPutElephant;
[object Object] if (emperor.Context.Items.TryGetValue("HasPutElephant", out hasPutElephant))
[object Object][object Object] (hasPutElephant is bool && ((bool)hasPutElephant) == true)
[object Object][object Object] ;
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]
[object Object] refrigerator.Content = elephant;
[object Object] emperor.Context.Items["HasPutElephant"] = true;
[object Object] Console.WriteLine(string.Format("玉帝的超級神象星宿把大象 {0} 放到冰箱 {1} 里了。", elephant.Name, refrigerator.Name));
[object Object] }
[object Object] }
[object Object]}仔細琢磨該代碼，請問你發現了什么？如果你發現的是靈活的可擴展性和可配置性，以及各手下之間的交互，那么恭喜你，你悟性很高。如果你還發現了職責鏈模式，那么恭喜你，你悟性非常高。（該代碼中兩個神象星宿的交互完全可以通過在Context中增加一個bool值屬性來實現，之所有這里用Items字典，是為了演示如果你不具有修改Context的源代碼的時候，該如何處理。）
好了，ASP.NET的設計思想講完了。什么，還沒開始？你沒發現我們的Program就是HttpRuntime、Emperor就是HttpApplication、Context就是HttpContext、IEmperorModule就是IHttpModule嗎？什么，沒發現？那么，讓我們來看看ASP.NET的源代碼吧。（本想把整個方法的源代碼都貼上來，但是顯得過于冗長，因此刪掉非關鍵代碼，并以//……省略……代替。）
如此，你明白了嗎？
關于怎樣理解ASP.NET的設計思想就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，可以學到更多知識。如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。
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