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Linux syslog 系統日志管理
===============================================================================
rsyslog記錄日志于mysql：
操作如下：
實驗環境：CentOS 7 操作系統
前提：
準備好msql server或mariadb server（一定要編輯配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加跳過反向解析等）并啟動服務；
實驗步驟：
1.安裝rsyslog連接至mysql server的驅動模塊；
# yum install rsyslog-mysql
2.在mysql server準備rsyslog專用的用戶賬號；
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 3 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # 授權數據庫Syslog的所有表允許rsyslog用戶在本地主機訪問，訪問密碼為134296 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON Syslog.* TO 'rsyslog'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '134296'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) # 為了安全不被反解，再授權一個使用local的本地主機 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON Syslog.* TO 'rsyslog'@'local' IDENTIFIED BY '134296'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES； Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql; MariaDB [mysql]> SELECT user,host,password FROM user; +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | root | centos7 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | root | 127.0.0.1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | root | ::1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | ultraxuser | 127.0.0.1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | ultraxuser | localhost | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | | rsyslog | 127.0.0.1 | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | # 授權的用戶 | rsyslog | local | *41EE0F8759D5340036B009143E1727DB5787A448 | +------------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [mysql]> \q Bye
3.生成所需要的數據庫和表；
前面已經安裝了rsyslog連接至mysql server的驅動模塊rsyslog-mysql，查看其配置文件如下：
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ql rsyslog-mysql /usr/lib64/rsyslog/ommysql.so /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-7.4.7/mysql-createDB.sql # 是生成數據庫和表的一個腳本文件 [root@centos7 ~]# cat /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-7.4.7/mysql-createDB.sql CREATE DATABASE Syslog; USE Syslog; CREATE TABLE SystemEvents ( ID int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key, CustomerID bigint, ReceivedAt datetime NULL, DeviceReportedTime datetime NULL, Facility smallint NULL, Priority smallint NULL, FromHost varchar(60) NULL, Message text, NTSeverity int NULL, Importance int NULL, EventSource varchar(60), EventUser varchar(60) NULL, EventCategory int NULL, EventID int NULL, EventBinaryData text NULL, MaxAvailable int NULL, CurrUsage int NULL, MinUsage int NULL, MaxUsage int NULL, InfoUnitID int NULL , SysLogTag varchar(60), EventLogType varchar(60), GenericFileName VarChar(60), SystemID int NULL ); CREATE TABLE SystemEventsProperties ( ID int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key, SystemEventID int NULL , ParamName varchar(255) NULL , ParamValue text NULL );
直接把腳本導入數據庫中
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -ursyslog -h227.0.0.1 -p134296 < /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-7.4.7/mysql-createDB.sql # 登錄數據庫查看如下： [root@centos7 ~]# mysql -ursyslog -h227.0.0.1 -p134296 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 7 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | Syslog | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use Syslog; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [Syslog]> show tables; +------------------------+ | Tables_in_Syslog | +------------------------+ | SystemEvents | | SystemEventsProperties | +------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> desc SystemEvents; +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | ID | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | CustomerID | bigint(20) | YES | | NULL | | | ReceivedAt | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | DeviceReportedTime | datetime | YES | | NULL | | | Facility | smallint(6) | YES | | NULL | | | Priority | smallint(6) | YES | | NULL | | | FromHost | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | Message | text | YES | | NULL | | | NTSeverity | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | Importance | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | EventSource | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | EventUser | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | EventCategory | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | EventID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | EventBinaryData | text | YES | | NULL | | | MaxAvailable | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | CurrUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | MinUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | MaxUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | InfoUnitID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | | SysLogTag | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | EventLogType | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | GenericFileName | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | | | SystemID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 24 rows in set (0.01 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> Ctrl-C -- exit! Aborted
4.配置rsyslog使用ommysql模塊
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf #### MODULES #### ...... $ModLoad ommysql
5.配置RULES，將所期望的日志信息記錄于mysql中；
facility.priority :ommysql:DBHOST,DB,DBUSER,DBUSERPASS
6.重啟rsyslog服務；登錄數據庫查看如下
# systemctl start rsyslog # 重啟服務 [root@centos7 ~]# mysql -ursyslog -h227.0.0.1 -p134296 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 9 Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> use Syslog; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [Syslog]> select * from SystemEvents\G； *************************** 11. row *************************** ID: 11 CustomerID: NULL ReceivedAt: 2016-10-20 16:00:01 DeviceReportedTime: 2016-10-20 16:00:01 Facility: 9 Priority: 6 FromHost: centos7 Message: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1) NTSeverity: NULL Importance: NULL EventSource: NULL EventUser: NULL EventCategory: NULL EventID: NULL EventBinaryData: NULL MaxAvailable: NULL CurrUsage: NULL MinUsage: NULL MaxUsage: NULL InfoUnitID: 1 SysLogTag: CROND[3521]: EventLogType: NULL GenericFileName: NULL SystemID: NULL 11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
7.loganalyzer圖形化工具
WebGUI, 運行amp環境中；
1）獲取loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz
lftp 10.1.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/loganalyzer> ls -rwxr--r-- 1 500 500 1046600 Aug 24 2013 loganalyzer-3.6.4.tar.gz -rwxr--r-- 1 500 500 1046957 Aug 19 2014 loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz lftp 10.1.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/loganalyzer> mget loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz 1046957 bytes transferred lftp 10.1.0.1:/pub/Sources/sources/loganalyzer> bye [root@centos7 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg bin Templates Desktop Documents loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz Pictures Videos Downloads Music Public [root@centos7 ~]# tar xf loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz # 解壓縮 [root@centos7 ~]# cd loganalyzer-3.6.5/ [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# admin bbs drupal-7.28 lastlog.txt messages.txt phpinfo.php phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages php-mysql.php pma src text.html # 只復制src目錄到/var/www/html/中，并命名為loganalyzer-3.6.5 [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cp -a src/ /var/www/html/loganalyzer-3.6.5 [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cd /var/www/html/ [root@centos7 html]# ln -sv loganalyzer-3.6.5/ log # 創建軟鏈接 ‘log’ -> ‘loganalyzer-3.6.5/’ [root@centos7 html]# ll total 432 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 38 Oct 14 12:51 admin drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Jun 9 2015 bbs drwxr-xr-x 9 6226 6226 4096 May 8 2014 drupal-7.28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 585460 Oct 10 22:08 lastlog.txt lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Oct 20 16:27 log -> loganalyzer-3.6.5/ # 鏈接文件 drwxrwxr-x 14 root root 4096 Oct 9 2013 loganalyzer-3.6.5 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 329712 Oct 11 09:19 messages.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 Oct 11 22:03 phpinfo.php drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Oct 13 11:05 phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 125 Oct 12 22:27 php-mysql.php lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Oct 13 10:54 pma -> phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 139 Oct 8 17:00 text.html # 到原來的目錄中找到contrib目錄，這里面有兩個腳本，可以幫助我們配置源碼。 [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# ls contrib/ configure.sh secure.sh [root@centos7 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cp contrib/* /var/www/html/log/ # 復制過去 [root@centos7 log]# cat configure.sh # 從安裝步驟中得知要先執行此腳本 #!/bin/sh touch config.php chmod 666 config.php [root@centos7 log]# cat secure.sh #!/bin/sh chmod 644 config.php # 安裝完成之后執行此腳本 [root@centos7 log]# touch config.php # 因為太簡單所以，自己手動修改即可 [root@centos7 log]# chmod 666 config.php
2）準備amp環境，這里以httpd+php為模塊的方式
3）安裝配置如下圖
注意：這里localhost應該改為127.0.0.1 編輯配置文件config.php即可
安裝php-gd可以顯示柱狀圖
步驟總結如下：
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