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利用WPF怎么實現一個跑馬燈效果?相信很多沒有經驗的人對此束手無策,為此本文總結了問題出現的原因和解決方法,通過這篇文章希望你能解決這個問題。
思路大致如下:
1、最外層用一個ViewBox,為了可以填充調用此控件的地方,這樣可以方便自動拉伸
復制代碼 代碼如下:
<Viewbox x:Name="viewbox_main" Height="{Binding Path=ActualHeight}" Width="{Binding Path=ActualWidth}" MouseLeave="grid_main_MouseLeave" MouseMove="grid_main_MouseMove" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Stretch="Fill"/>
2、定義三個變量,一個是Count值,是為了設定要展示的UserControl的個數的,例如默認是4個,如效果圖,當然,設置成5的話,就是5個了;一個List<Grid>是為了放入展示控件的列表,一個List<UserControl>是用來放所有要用于跑馬燈里的控件的。
3、設置一個Canvas,放入到最外層的Viewbox中,用于跑馬燈時候用(這也是常用的跑馬燈控件Canvas)
//給Canvas設置一些屬性 canvas_board.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch; canvas_board.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch; canvas_board.Width = this.viewbox_main.ActualWidth; canvas_board.Height = this.viewbox_main.ActualHeight; canvas_board.ClipToBounds = true; //用viewbox可以支持拉伸 this.viewbox_main.Child = canvas_board;
4、將要循環的Grid放入到Canvas里,這里的Grid的個數,要比展示的個數大一個,也就是Count+1個值,因為滾動的時候,其實是在最外面有一個的,這樣保證了循環的走動。至于兩個控件之間的Margin這個就是要設置Grid的了,到時候控件是直接扔進Grid里的
//循環將Grid加入到要展示的列表里 for (int i = 0; i < Uc_Count + 1; i++) { Grid grid = new Grid(); grid.Width = canvas_board.Width / Uc_Count - 10; grid.Height = canvas_board.Height - 10; grid.Margin = new Thickness(5); this.canvas_board.Children.Add(grid); grid.SetValue(Canvas.TopProperty, 0.0); grid.SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, i * (grid.Width + 10)); UcListForShow.Add(grid); }
5、給每個Grid增加一個動畫效果,就是向左移動的效果
for (int i = 0; i < UcListForShow.Count; i++) { //設置滾動時候的效果 DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames daukf_uc = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(); LinearDoubleKeyFrame k1_uc = new LinearDoubleKeyFrame(i * (UcListForShow[i].Width + 10), KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2))); LinearDoubleKeyFrame k2_uc = new LinearDoubleKeyFrame((i - 1) * (UcListForShow[i].Width + 10), KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2.5))); daukf_uc.KeyFrames.Add(k1_uc); daukf_uc.KeyFrames.Add(k2_uc); storyboard_imgs.Children.Add(daukf_uc); Storyboard.SetTarget(daukf_uc, UcListForShow[i]); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(daukf_uc, new PropertyPath("(Canvas.Left)")); }
6、滾動的時候,要計算UserControl到底是添加到了哪個Grid里面,也就是哪個控件作為了第一位。
我們設置一個索引值scroll_index,默認的時候,scroll_index=0,這是初始的狀態,當滾動起來以后,scroll_index = scroll_index + 1 - Uc_Count;
然后,判斷,循環的時候,是否是展示列表的末尾了,如果是的話,則要填充的控件是scroll_index %UcListSum.Count(滾動索引,對總數直接取余數),如果不是的話則是scroll_index++ % UcListSum.Count(滾動索引++,對總數直接取余數)
scroll_index = scroll_index + 1 - Uc_Count; for (int i = 0; i < UcListForShow.Count; i++) { UcListForShow[i].SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, i * (UcListForShow[i].Width + 10)); UserControl uc; if (i == UcListForShow.Count - 1) { uc = UcListSum[scroll_index % UcListSum.Count]; } else { uc = UcListSum[scroll_index++ % UcListSum.Count]; } if (uc.Parent != null) { (uc.Parent as Grid).Children.Clear();//將Usercontrol從原來的里面移除掉,要不然會拋錯,Usercontrol已屬于另一個控件 } UcListForShow[i].Children.Clear(); UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(uc); //將隱藏按鈕加入到Grid里 Button btn = new Button(); btn.Style = (dictionary["hidenStyle"] as Style);//從樣式文件里讀取到Button的樣式 btn.Tag = UcListForShow[i].Children;//給Tag賦值,這樣方便查找 btn.Click += Btn_Click;//注冊隱藏事件 UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(btn); }
代碼中,需要注意的是(uc.Parent as Grid).Children.Clear(),如果不移除的話,則會提示,已經屬于另一個,所以,要從parent里面移除掉。
7、Button的隱藏事件,當Button點擊以后,則要進行隱藏,其實也就是將總數里面,減除掉不再顯示的那一項
private void Btn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if ((sender as Button).Tag != null) { UcListSum.Remove((((sender as Button).Tag as UIElementCollection)[0] as UserControl)); } if (UcListSum.Count == Uc_Count)//當列表數和要展示的數目相同的時候,就停止掉動畫效果 { storyboard_imgs.Completed -= Storyboard_imgs_Completed; storyboard_imgs.Stop(); for (int i = 0; i < Uc_Count; i++) { UcListForShow[i].Children.Clear(); if (UcListSum[i].Parent != null) { (UcListSum[i].Parent as Grid).Children.Clear(); } UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(UcListSum[i]); } return; } }
所有代碼如下:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Data; using System.Windows.Documents; using System.Windows.Input; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Media.Animation; using System.Windows.Media.Imaging; using System.Windows.Navigation; using System.Windows.Shapes; namespace MarqueeUserControl { /// <summary> /// MarqueeUC.xaml 的交互邏輯 /// </summary> public partial class MarqueeUC : UserControl { ResourceDictionary dictionary; public MarqueeUC() { InitializeComponent(); //讀取樣式文件 dictionary = new ResourceDictionary { Source = new Uri("/MarqueeUserControl;component/MarqueeUserControlDictionary.xaml", UriKind.Relative) }; } #region 屬性 private int _uc_Count = 0; /// <summary> /// 用來展示幾個 /// </summary> public int Uc_Count { get { return _uc_Count; } set { _uc_Count = value; } } private List<Grid> _ucListForShow = new List<Grid>(); /// <summary> /// 用來展示的控件列表 /// </summary> private List<Grid> UcListForShow { get { return _ucListForShow; } set { _ucListForShow = value; } } private List<UserControl> _ucListSum = new List<UserControl>(); /// <summary> /// 要添加的控件的列表 /// </summary> public List<UserControl> UcListSum { get { return _ucListSum; } set { _ucListSum = value; } } #endregion Canvas canvas_board = new Canvas(); Storyboard storyboard_imgs = new Storyboard(); int scroll_index = 0;//滾動索引 double scroll_width;//滾動寬度 void GridLayout() { if (Uc_Count == 0)//如果這個值沒有賦值的話,則默認顯示四個 { Uc_Count = 4; } //給Canvas設置一些屬性 canvas_board.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch; canvas_board.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch; canvas_board.Width = this.viewbox_main.ActualWidth; canvas_board.Height = this.viewbox_main.ActualHeight; canvas_board.ClipToBounds = true; //用viewbox可以支持拉伸 this.viewbox_main.Child = canvas_board; //循環將Grid加入到要展示的列表里 for (int i = 0; i < Uc_Count + 1; i++) { Grid grid = new Grid(); grid.Width = canvas_board.Width / Uc_Count - 10; grid.Height = canvas_board.Height - 10; grid.Margin = new Thickness(5); this.canvas_board.Children.Add(grid); grid.SetValue(Canvas.TopProperty, 0.0); grid.SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, i * (grid.Width + 10)); UcListForShow.Add(grid); } } void StoryLoad() { for (int i = 0; i < UcListForShow.Count; i++) {//設置滾動時候的效果 DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames daukf_uc = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames(); LinearDoubleKeyFrame k1_uc = new LinearDoubleKeyFrame(i * (UcListForShow[i].Width + 10), KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2))); LinearDoubleKeyFrame k2_uc = new LinearDoubleKeyFrame((i - 1) * (UcListForShow[i].Width + 10), KeyTime.FromTimeSpan(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2.5))); daukf_uc.KeyFrames.Add(k1_uc); daukf_uc.KeyFrames.Add(k2_uc); storyboard_imgs.Children.Add(daukf_uc); Storyboard.SetTarget(daukf_uc, UcListForShow[i]); Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(daukf_uc, new PropertyPath("(Canvas.Left)")); } storyboard_imgs.FillBehavior = FillBehavior.Stop; storyboard_imgs.Completed += Storyboard_imgs_Completed; storyboard_imgs.Begin(); } private void Storyboard_imgs_Completed(object sender, EventArgs e) { scroll_index = scroll_index + 1 - Uc_Count; for (int i = 0; i < UcListForShow.Count; i++) { UcListForShow[i].SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, i * (UcListForShow[i].Width + 10)); UserControl uc; if (i == UcListForShow.Count - 1) { uc = UcListSum[scroll_index % UcListSum.Count]; } else { uc = UcListSum[scroll_index++ % UcListSum.Count]; } if (uc.Parent != null) { (uc.Parent as Grid).Children.Clear();//將Usercontrol從原來的里面移除掉,要不然會拋錯,Usercontrol已屬于另一個控件 } UcListForShow[i].Children.Clear(); UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(uc); //將隱藏按鈕加入到Grid里 Button btn = new Button(); btn.Style = (dictionary["hidenStyle"] as Style);//從樣式文件里讀取到Button的樣式 btn.Tag = UcListForShow[i].Children;//給Tag賦值,這樣方便查找 btn.Click += Btn_Click;//注冊隱藏事件 UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(btn); } storyboard_imgs.Begin(); } private void Btn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if ((sender as Button).Tag != null) { UcListSum.Remove((((sender as Button).Tag as UIElementCollection)[0] as UserControl)); } if (UcListSum.Count == Uc_Count)//當列表數和要展示的數目相同的時候,就停止掉動畫效果 { storyboard_imgs.Completed -= Storyboard_imgs_Completed; storyboard_imgs.Stop(); for (int i = 0; i < Uc_Count; i++) { UcListForShow[i].Children.Clear(); if (UcListSum[i].Parent != null) { (UcListSum[i].Parent as Grid).Children.Clear(); } UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(UcListSum[i]); } return; } } public void StartMar() { GridLayout(); scroll_width = this.canvas_board.Width; for (int i = 0; i < UcListForShow.Count; i++) { UserControl uc; if (i == UcListForShow.Count - 1) { uc = UcListSum[scroll_index % UcListSum.Count]; } else { uc = UcListSum[scroll_index++ % UcListSum.Count]; } if (uc.Parent != null) { (uc.Parent as Grid).Children.Clear(); } UcListForShow[i].Children.Clear(); UcListForShow[i].Children.Add(uc); } StoryLoad(); } private void grid_main_MouseLeave(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (storyboard_imgs.GetCurrentState() == ClockState.Stopped)//如果是停止的狀態,則直接返回,不再起作用 { return; } if (storyboard_imgs.GetIsPaused() == true)//如果是暫停狀態的話,則開始 { storyboard_imgs.Begin(); } } private void grid_main_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (storyboard_imgs.GetIsPaused() == false) { storyboard_imgs.Pause(); } } } }
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:MarqueeUserControl"> <Style TargetType="Button" x:Key="hidenStyle"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/> <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center"/> <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center"/> <Setter Property="Width" Value="25"/> <Setter Property="Height" Value="25"/> <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Transparent"/> <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/> <Setter Property="Template"><!--把Image放到Template里作為Content顯示,如果是單獨給Content設置圖片的話,則只有一個按鈕顯示圖片,其他的不顯示--> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}"> <Border> <Image Source="hiden.png"/> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> </ResourceDictionary>
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