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pyqt提供的幾個視圖類都可以較好工作,包括QLisView,QTableView和QTreeView。但是對于一些難以用現有的方式來呈現數據,這時,可以創建我們自己的視圖子類并將其用做模型數據的可視化來解決這一問題。本文通過Python3+pyqt5實現了python Qt GUI 快速編程的16章的例子。
#!/usr/bin/env python3 import gzip import os import platform import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import (QAbstractTableModel, QDateTime, QModelIndex, QSize, QTimer, QVariant, Qt,pyqtSignal) from PyQt5.QtGui import ( QColor, QCursor, QFont, QFontDatabase, QFontMetrics, QPainter, QPalette, QPixmap) from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication,QDialog,QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QMessageBox,QScrollArea, QSplitter, QTableView,QWidget (TIMESTAMP, TEMPERATURE, INLETFLOW, TURBIDITY, CONDUCTIVITY, COAGULATION, RAWPH, FLOCCULATEDPH) = range(8) TIMESTAMPFORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm" class WaterQualityModel(QAbstractTableModel): def __init__(self, filename): super(WaterQualityModel, self).__init__() self.filename = filename self.results = [] def load(self): self.beginResetModel() exception = None fh = None try: if not self.filename: raise IOError("no filename specified for loading") self.results = [] line_data = gzip.open(self.filename).read() for line in line_data.decode("utf8").splitlines(): parts = line.rstrip().split(",") date = QDateTime.fromString(parts[0] + ":00", Qt.ISODate) result = [date] for part in parts[1:]: result.append(float(part)) self.results.append(result) except (IOError, ValueError) as e: exception = e finally: if fh is not None: fh.close() self.endResetModel() if exception is not None: raise exception def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole): if (not index.isValid() or not (0 <= index.row() < len(self.results))): return QVariant() column = index.column() result = self.results[index.row()] if role == Qt.DisplayRole: item = result[column] if column == TIMESTAMP: #item = item.toString(TIMESTAMPFORMAT) item=item else: #item = QString("%1").arg(item, 0, "f", 2) item = "{0:.2f}".format(item) return item elif role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole: if column != TIMESTAMP: return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)) return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignLeft|Qt.AlignVCenter)) elif role == Qt.TextColorRole and column == INLETFLOW: if result[column] < 0: return QVariant(QColor(Qt.red)) elif (role == Qt.TextColorRole and column in (RAWPH, FLOCCULATEDPH)): ph = result[column] if ph < 7: return QVariant(QColor(Qt.red)) elif ph >= 8: return QVariant(QColor(Qt.blue)) else: return QVariant(QColor(Qt.darkGreen)) return QVariant() def headerData(self, section, orientation, role=Qt.DisplayRole): if role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole: if orientation == Qt.Horizontal: return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignCenter)) return QVariant(int(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)) if role != Qt.DisplayRole: return QVariant() if orientation == Qt.Horizontal: if section == TIMESTAMP: return "Timestamp" elif section == TEMPERATURE: return "\u00B0" +"C" elif section == INLETFLOW: return "Inflow" elif section == TURBIDITY: return "NTU" elif section == CONDUCTIVITY: return "\u03BCS/cm" elif section == COAGULATION: return "mg/L" elif section == RAWPH: return "Raw Ph" elif section == FLOCCULATEDPH: return "Floc Ph" return int(section + 1) def rowCount(self, index=QModelIndex()): return len(self.results) def columnCount(self, index=QModelIndex()): return 8 class WaterQualityView(QWidget): clicked = pyqtSignal(QModelIndex) FLOWCHARS = (chr(0x21DC), chr(0x21DD), chr(0x21C9)) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(WaterQualityView, self).__init__(parent) self.scrollarea = None self.model = None self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus) self.selectedRow = -1 self.flowfont = self.font() size = self.font().pointSize() if platform.system() == "Windows": fontDb = QFontDatabase() for face in [face.toLower() for face in fontDb.families()]: if face.contains("unicode"): self.flowfont = QFont(face, size) break else: self.flowfont = QFont("symbol", size) WaterQualityView.FLOWCHARS = (chr(0xAC), chr(0xAE), chr(0xDE)) def setModel(self, model): self.model = model #self.connect(self.model, # SIGNAL("dataChanged(QModelIndex,QModelIndex)"), # self.setNewSize) self.model.dataChanged.connect(self.setNewSize) #self.connect(self.model, SIGNAL("modelReset()"), self.setNewSize) self.model.modelReset.connect(self.setNewSize) self.setNewSize() def setNewSize(self): self.resize(self.sizeHint()) self.update() self.updateGeometry() def minimumSizeHint(self): size = self.sizeHint() fm = QFontMetrics(self.font()) size.setHeight(fm.height() * 3) return size def sizeHint(self): fm = QFontMetrics(self.font()) size = fm.height() return QSize(fm.width("9999-99-99 99:99 ") + (size * 4), (size / 4) + (size * self.model.rowCount())) def paintEvent(self, event): if self.model is None: return fm = QFontMetrics(self.font()) timestampWidth = fm.width("9999-99-99 99:99 ") size = fm.height() indicatorSize = int(size * 0.8) offset = int(1.5 * (size - indicatorSize)) minY = event.rect().y() maxY = minY + event.rect().height() + size minY -= size painter = QPainter(self) painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing) painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.TextAntialiasing) y = 0 for row in range(self.model.rowCount()): x = 0 if minY <= y <= maxY: painter.save() painter.setPen(self.palette().color(QPalette.Text)) if row == self.selectedRow: painter.fillRect(x, y + (offset * 0.8), self.width(), size, self.palette().highlight()) painter.setPen(self.palette().color( QPalette.HighlightedText)) #timestamp = self.model.data( #self.model.index(row, TIMESTAMP)).toDateTime() timestamp = self.model.data(self.model.index(row, TIMESTAMP)) painter.drawText(x, y + size, timestamp.toString(TIMESTAMPFORMAT)) #print(timestamp.toString(TIMESTAMPFORMAT)) x += timestampWidth temperature = self.model.data( self.model.index(row, TEMPERATURE)) #temperature = temperature.toDouble()[0] temperature = float(temperature) if temperature < 20: color = QColor(0, 0, int(255 * (20 - temperature) / 20)) elif temperature > 25: color = QColor(int(255 * temperature / 100), 0, 0) else: color = QColor(0, int(255 * temperature / 100), 0) painter.setPen(Qt.NoPen) painter.setBrush(color) painter.drawEllipse(x, y + offset, indicatorSize, indicatorSize) x += size rawPh = self.model.data(self.model.index(row, RAWPH)) #rawPh = rawPh.toDouble()[0] rawPh = float(rawPh) if rawPh < 7: color = QColor(int(255 * rawPh / 10), 0, 0) elif rawPh >= 8: color = QColor(0, 0, int(255 * rawPh / 10)) else: color = QColor(0, int(255 * rawPh / 10), 0) painter.setBrush(color) painter.drawEllipse(x, y + offset, indicatorSize, indicatorSize) x += size flocPh = self.model.data( self.model.index(row, FLOCCULATEDPH)) #flocPh = flocPh.toDouble()[0] flocPh = float(flocPh) if flocPh < 7: color = QColor(int(255 * flocPh / 10), 0, 0) elif flocPh >= 8: color = QColor(0, 0, int(255 * flocPh / 10)) else: color = QColor(0, int(255 * flocPh / 10), 0) painter.setBrush(color) painter.drawEllipse(x, y + offset, indicatorSize, indicatorSize) painter.restore() painter.save() x += size flow = self.model.data( self.model.index(row, INLETFLOW)) #flow = flow.toDouble()[0] flow = float(flow) char = None if flow <= 0: char = WaterQualityView.FLOWCHARS[0] elif flow < 3.6: char = WaterQualityView.FLOWCHARS[1] elif flow > 4.7: char = WaterQualityView.FLOWCHARS[2] if char is not None: painter.setFont(self.flowfont) painter.drawText(x, y + size, char) painter.restore() y += size if y > maxY: break def mousePressEvent(self, event): fm = QFontMetrics(self.font()) self.selectedRow = event.y() // fm.height() self.update() #self.emit(SIGNAL("clicked(QModelIndex)"), # self.model.index(self.selectedRow, 0)) self.clicked.emit(self.model.index(self.selectedRow, 0)) def keyPressEvent(self, event): if self.model is None: return row = -1 if event.key() == Qt.Key_Up: row = max(0, self.selectedRow - 1) elif event.key() == Qt.Key_Down: row = min(self.selectedRow + 1, self.model.rowCount() - 1) if row != -1 and row != self.selectedRow: self.selectedRow = row if self.scrollarea is not None: fm = QFontMetrics(self.font()) y = fm.height() * self.selectedRow print(y) self.scrollarea.ensureVisible(0, y) self.update() #self.emit(SIGNAL("clicked(QModelIndex)"), # self.model.index(self.selectedRow, 0)) self.clicked.emit(self.model.index(self.selectedRow, 0)) else: QWidget.keyPressEvent(self, event) class MainForm(QDialog): def __init__(self, parent=None): super(MainForm, self).__init__(parent) self.model = WaterQualityModel(os.path.join( os.path.dirname(__file__), "waterdata.csv.gz")) self.tableView = QTableView() self.tableView.setAlternatingRowColors(True) self.tableView.setModel(self.model) self.waterView = WaterQualityView() self.waterView.setModel(self.model) scrollArea = QScrollArea() scrollArea.setBackgroundRole(QPalette.Light) scrollArea.setWidget(self.waterView) self.waterView.scrollarea = scrollArea splitter = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal) splitter.addWidget(self.tableView) splitter.addWidget(scrollArea) splitter.setSizes([600, 250]) layout = QHBoxLayout() layout.addWidget(splitter) self.setLayout(layout) self.setWindowTitle("Water Quality Data") QTimer.singleShot(0, self.initialLoad) def initialLoad(self): QApplication.setOverrideCursor(QCursor(Qt.WaitCursor)) splash = QLabel(self) pixmap = QPixmap(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "iss013-e-14802.jpg")) #print(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), # "iss013-e-14802.jpg")) splash.setPixmap(pixmap) splash.setWindowFlags(Qt.SplashScreen) splash.move(self.x() + ((self.width() - pixmap.width()) / 2), self.y() + ((self.height() - pixmap.height()) / 2)) splash.show() QApplication.processEvents() try: self.model.load() except IOError as e: QMessageBox.warning(self, "Water Quality - Error", e) else: self.tableView.resizeColumnsToContents() splash.close() QApplication.processEvents() QApplication.restoreOverrideCursor() app = QApplication(sys.argv) form = MainForm() form.resize(850, 620) form.show() app.exec_()
運行結果:
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