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React中使用防抖函數和節流函數
在React事件調用時,React傳遞給事件處理程序是一個合成事件對象的實例。SyntheticEvent對象是通過合并得到的。 這意味著在事件回調被調用后,SyntheticEvent 對象將被重用并且所有屬性都將被取消。 這是出于性能原因。 因此,您無法以異步方式訪問該事件。React合成事件官方文檔
所以在用防抖或節流函數封裝時,異步方式訪問事件對象出現問題。解決的方法如下:
方法一:調用合成事件對象的persist()方法 event.persist && event.persist() //保留對事件的引用
方法二:深拷貝事件對象 const event = e && {...e} //深拷貝事件對象
function debounce(func, wait=500) { let timeout; // 定時器變量 return function(event){ clearTimeout(timeout); // 每次觸發時先清除上一次的定時器,然后重新計時 event.persist && event.persist() //保留對事件的引用 //const event = e && {...e} //深拷貝事件對象 timeout = setTimeout(()=>{ func(event) }, wait); // 指定 xx ms 后觸發真正想進行的操作 handler }; }
防抖debounce
防抖 Debounce 多次觸發,只在最后一次觸發時,執行目標函數。
函數防抖就是,延遲一段時間再執行函數,如果這段時間內又觸發了該函數,則延遲重新計算。
應用場景
(1)通過監聽某些事件完成對應的需求,比如:
通過監聽 scroll 事件,檢測滾動位置,根據滾動位置顯示返回頂部按鈕
通過監聽 resize 事件,對某些自適應頁面調整DOM的渲染(通過CSS實現的自適應不再此范圍內)
通過監聽 keyup 事件,監聽文字輸入并調用接口進行模糊匹配
(2)其他場景
表單組件輸入內容驗證
防止多次點擊導致表單多次提交
簡單實現
function debounce(fn, wait) { let t return () => { let context = this let args = arguments if (t) clearTimeout(t) t= setTimeout(() => { fn.apply(context, args) }, wait) } }
完整實現
function debounce(func, wait, immediate) { let time; let debounced = function() { let context = this; if(time) clearTimeout(time); if(immediate) { let callNow = !time; if(callNow) func.apply(context, arguments); time = setTimeout( ()=>{time = null} //見注解 , wait) } else { time = setTimeout( ()=>{func.apply(context, arguments)} , wait) } }; debounced.cancel = function() { clearTimeout(time); time = null }; return debounced } // underscore.js debounce // // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the // leading edge, instead of the trailing. _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) { var timeout, args, context, timestamp, result; // 處理時間 var later = function() { var last = _.now() - timestamp; if (last < wait && last >= 0) { timeout = setTimeout(later, wait - last); // 10ms 6ms 4ms } else { timeout = null; if (!immediate) { result = func.apply(context, args); if (!timeout) context = args = null; } } };
react中調用方法
this.handleGetCustomerNameList = debounce(this.handleGetCustomerNameList.bind(this), 500);
節流 throttle
節流:函數間隔一段時間后才能再觸發,避免某些函數觸發頻率過高,比如滾動條滾動事件觸發的函數。
### 簡單實現 function throttle (fn, wait, mustRun) { let start = new Date() let timeout return () => { // 在返回的函數內部保留上下文和參數 let context = this let args = arguments let current = new Date() clearTimeout(timeout) let remaining = current - start // 達到了指定觸發時間,觸發該函數 if (remaining > mustRun) { fn.apply(context, args) start = current } else { // 否則wait時間后觸發,閉包保留一個timeout實例 timeout = setTimeout(fn, wait); } } }
完整實現
function throttle(func, wait, options) { let time, context, args, result; let previous = 0; if (!options) options = {}; let later = function () { previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : new Date().getTime(); time = null; func.apply(context, args); if (!time) context = args = null; }; let throttled = function () { let now = new Date().getTime(); if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now; let remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) { if (time) { clearTimeout(time); time = null; } previous = now; func.apply(context, args); if (!time) context = args = null; } else if (!time && options.trailing !== false) { time = setTimeout(later, remaining); } }; return throttled; } // underscore.js throttle // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once // during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run // as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration; // but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass // `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto. _.throttle = function(func, wait, options) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; if (!options) options = {}; var later = function() { previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : _.now(); timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); if (!timeout) context = args = null; }; return function() { var now = _.now(); if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) { if (timeout) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; } previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); if (!timeout) context = args = null; } else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; };
react中調用方法
this.handleGetCustomerNameList = throttle (this.handleGetCustomerNameList.bind(this), 500);
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