mysql重建表如何實現分區并保留數據

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mysql重建表分區并保留數據的方法：

1.創建與原始表一樣結構的新表，新分區。
2.將原始表中數據復制到新表。
3.刪除原始表。
4.將新表名稱改為原始表名稱。

實例：

日志表原始結構如下，按id分區。

CREATE DATABASE `test`;use `test`;CREATE TABLE `log` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `content` text NOT NULL COMMENT '內容', `status` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '記錄狀態', `addtime` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '添加時間', `lastmodify` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '最后修改時間', PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (id)
(PARTITION p10w VALUES LESS THAN (100000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p20w VALUES LESS THAN (200000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p50w VALUES LESS THAN (500000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p100w VALUES LESS THAN (1000000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION pmax VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */;insert into `log`(content,status,addtime,lastmodify) 
values('content1',1, unix_timestamp('2018-01-11 00:00:00'), unix_timestamp('2018-01-11 00:00:00')),
('content2',1, unix_timestamp('2018-02-22 00:00:00'), unix_timestamp('2018-02-22 00:00:00')),
('content3',1, unix_timestamp('2018-03-31 00:00:00'), unix_timestamp('2018-03-31 00:00:00'));

查看數據分區分布

SELECT PARTITION_NAME,TABLE_ROWS FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='test' AND TABLE_NAME = 'log';+----------------+------------+| PARTITION_NAME | TABLE_ROWS |
+----------------+------------+| p10w           |          3 |
| p20w           |          0 |
| p50w           |          0 |
| p100w          |          0 || pmax           |          0 |
+----------------+------------+

日志數據需要按時間進行搜尋，因此需要按日志時間重建分區。

1.創建log2，按時間分區（每月1個分區）

CREATE TABLE `log2` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `content` text NOT NULL COMMENT '內容', `status` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '記錄狀態', `addtime` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '添加時間', `lastmodify` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '最后修改時間', PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`addtime`), KEY `id`(`id`), KEY `addtime`(`addtime`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (addtime)
(PARTITION p201801 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2018-02-01 00:00:00')) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201802 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2018-03-01 00:00:00')) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201803 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2018-04-01 00:00:00')) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p201804 VALUES LESS THAN (unix_timestamp('2018-05-01 00:00:00')) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION pmax VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */;

2.將log的數據復制到log2

insert into `log2` select * from `log`;

3.刪除log表

drop table `log`;

4.將log2表改名為log

rename table `log2` to `log`;

執行后查看數據分區分布

SELECT PARTITION_NAME,TABLE_ROWS FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='test' AND TABLE_NAME = 'log';+----------------+------------+| PARTITION_NAME | TABLE_ROWS |
+----------------+------------+| p201801        |          1 |
| p201802        |          1 |
| p201803        |          1 |
| p201804        |          0 || pmax           |          0 |
+----------------+------------+

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