nagios整合cact實現網絡監控報警的方法

這篇文章主要介紹了nagios整合cact實現網絡監控報警的方法，具有一定借鑒價值，需要的朋友可以參考下。如下資料是關于實現網絡監控報警的詳細步驟內容。

系統環境：rhel6.3

        selinux   and  iptables  disabled   

    整合cacti和nagios是利用了cacti的一個插件nagios for cacti，它的原理是將nagios的數據通過ndo2db導入到mysql數據庫（cacti的庫中），然后cacti讀取數據庫信息將nagios的結果展示出來。

一、nagios監控本地主機

localhost.cfg中主機與服務是在一塊的，為了便于管理，將主機與服務的配置信息分隔開。注釋掉localhost.cfg,新增加hosts.cfg,services.cfg文件:

[root@server34 etc]#vim  /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

# You can specify individual object config files as shown below:

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg

# Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host

#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

更改主機：

[root@server34 objects]# cp localhost.cfg hosts.cfg

[root@server34 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

       use                     linux-server

       host_name              server34.example.com

       alias                   Manager

       address                 192.168.0.34

       icon_p_w_picpath              server.gif

       statusmap_p_w_picpath         server.gd2

2d_coords500,200

3d_coords500,200,100

       }

###############################################################################

###############################################################################

#

# HOST GROUP DEFINITION

#

###############################################################################

###############################################################################

# Define an optional hostgroup for Linux machines

define hostgroup{

       hostgroup_name  linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup

       alias           Linux Servers ; Long name of the group

       members         *     ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group

       }

[root@server34 objects]# cp localhost.cfg services.cfg

[root@server34 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

       use                     linux-server

       host_name              server34.example.com

       alias                   Manager

       address                 192.168.0.34

       icon_p_w_picpath              server.gif

       statusmap_p_w_picpath         server.gd2

2d_coords500,200

3d_coords500,200,100

       }

###############################################################################

###############################################################################

#

# HOST GROUP DEFINITION

#

###############################################################################

###############################################################################

# Define an optional hostgroup for Linux machines

define hostgroup{

       hostgroup_name  linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup

       alias           Linux Servers ; Long name of the group

       members         *     ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group

       }

[root@server34 objects]# vim services.cfg

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 系統負荷檢查

alias 負荷檢查

members server34.example.com,進程總數,server34.example.com,登錄用戶數,server34.example.com,根分區,server34.example.com,交換空間利用率

}

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 全部聯通性檢查

alias 聯通性檢查

members server34.example.com,PING

}

###############################################################################

###############################################################################

#

# SERVICE DEFINITIONS

#

###############################################################################

###############################################################################

# Define a service to "ping" the local machine

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       *

       service_description             PING

check_commandcheck_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%

       }

# Define a service to check the disk space of the root partition

# on the local machine.  Warning if < 20% free, critical if

# < 10% free space on partition.

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             根分區

check_commandcheck_local_disk!20%!10%!/

       }

# Define a service to check the number of currently logged in

# users on the local machine.  Warning if > 20 users, critical

# if > 50 users.

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             登錄用戶數

check_commandcheck_local_users!20!50

       }

# Define a service to check the number of currently running procs

# on the local machine.  Warning if > 250 processes, critical if

# > 400 users.

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             進程總數

check_commandcheck_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT

       }

# Define a service to check the load on the local machine.

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             系統負荷

check_commandcheck_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0

       }

# Define a service to check the swap usage the local machine.

# Critical if less than 10% of swap is free, warning if less than 20% is free

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             交換空間利用率

check_commandcheck_local_swap!20!10

       }

# Define a service to check SSH on the local machine.

# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have SSH enabled.

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             SSH

check_commandcheck_tcp!22!1.0!10.0

notifications_enabled0

       }

# Define a service to check HTTP on the local machine.

# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have HTTP enabled.

define service{

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server34.example.com

       service_description             HTTP

check_commandcheck_http

notifications_enabled0

       }

檢測nagios的配置文件

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

http://192.168.0.34/nagios

點擊服務，看到以上配置的服務則證明配置成功

二、nagios監控遠程主機

1、監控遠程主機的網絡服務

監控遠程主機的網絡服務（如監控mysql服務等）

監控主機：192.168.0.34

遠程主機（被監控主機）：192.168.0.17

rhel6.4 selinux disabled and iptables

此處以監控遠程主機的mysql服務為例來說明nagios是如何監控遠程主機的網絡服務

安裝mysql

[root@server17 ~]# yum install mysql -y

啟動mysql

創建nagios數據庫，并給nagios用戶授予在監控主機上登錄nagios庫的權限。

mysql> create database nagios;

mysql> grant select on nagios.* to nagios@'192.168.0.34' identified by 'westos';

檢測能否采集到信息：

[root@server34 libexec]# ./check_mysql -H 192.168.0.17 -u nagios -p westos -d nagios

Uptime: 1648  Threads: 1  Questions: 15  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.9|Connections=8c;;; Open_files=16;;; Open_tables=8;;; Qcache_free_memory=0;;; Qcache_hits=0c;;; Qcache_inserts=0c;;; Qcache_lowmem_prunes=0c;;; Qcache_not_cached=0c;;; Qcache_queries_in_cache=0;;; Queries=15c;;; Questions=15c;;; Table_locks_waited=0c;;; Threads_connected=1;;; Threads_running=1;;; Uptime=1648c;;;

[root@server34 libexec]# pwd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec

添加檢測命令：

[root@server34 objects]# vim commands.cfg

# 'check_mysql' command definition

define command{

       command_name    check_mysql

       command_line    $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u $ARG1$ -p $ARG2$  -d $ARG3$

       }

添加主機：

[root@server34 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

       use                     linux-server

       host_name               server17.example.com

       alias                   mysql

       address                 192.168.0.17

       icon_p_w_picpath              server.gif

       statusmap_p_w_picpath         server.gd2

       2d_coords               600,300

       3d_coords               600,300,100

       }

添加服務：

[root@server34 objects]# vim services.cfg   ###添加服務組

define servicegroup{

       servicegroup_name 全部聯通性檢查

       alias 聯通性檢查

       members server34.example.com,PING,server17.example.com,PING

       }

################################check_mysql#################################

define service{                             ###添加服務

       use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use

       host_name                       server17.example.com

       service_description             check_mysql

       check_command                   check_mysql!nagios!westos!nagios

       }

驗證配置文件更改是否正確：

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

重新加載nagios：

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

檢測：http://192.168.0.34/nagios

點擊主機->出現server17.example.com

點擊服務->出現check_mysql服務

2、通過nrpe監控遠程主機的基本信息（如磁盤的使用情況等）

在被監控主機上操作

下載nagios插件包、nrpe包

nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz， nrpe-2.15.tar.gz  

[root@server17 ~]# tar zxf nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz

創建nagios用戶

[root@server17 ~]# useradd nagios

編譯安裝nagios-plugin

[root@server17 ~]# cd nagios-plugins-1.5

[root@server17 nagios-plugins-1.5]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios

[root@server17 nagios-plugins-1.5]# make && make install

編譯安裝nrpe，nrpe是守護進程，需安裝更改xinetd

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# yum install xinetd -y

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe

only_from       = 192.168.0.34

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# vim /etc/services

nrpe            5666/tcp

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# ./configure

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make all

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-xinetd

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start

配置nrpe

[root@server34 etc]# vim nrpe.cfg

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

[root@server17 ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start

##########################################

在監控主機上

下載nrpe包：

nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# ./configure

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make all

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config

安裝檢測：

[root@server34 libexec]# ./check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.17

NRPE v2.15

檢測磁盤使用情況：

[root@server34 libexec]# ./check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.17 -c check_disk

DISK OK - free space: / 14459 MB (85% inode=91%);| /=2540MB;14327;16118;0;17909

添加check_nrpe檢測命令

[root@server34 objects]# vim commands.cfg

# 'check_nrpe' command definition

define command{

       command_name    check_nrpe

       command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

       }

[root@server34 objects]# vim services.cfg

define servicegroup{

       servicegroup_name 系統負荷檢查

       alias 負荷檢查

       members server34.example.com,進程總數,server34.example.com,登錄用戶數,server34.example.com,根分區,server34.example.com,交換空間利用率

       }

define servicegroup{

       servicegroup_name 全部聯通性檢查

       alias 聯通性檢查

       members server34.example.com,PING,server17.example.com,PING

       }

配置檢測：

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

檢測：

http ://192.168.0.34/nagios

點擊服務，查看結果

三、整合nagios與微信、飛信

    nagios與微信、飛信整合，使得nagios的監控報警具有了錦上添花的效果。這樣，管理員不用經常性的查看系統運行是否正常，磁盤使用情況等等，有什么異常情況，微信、飛信會第一時間的通知你，可以達到7*24小時的監控。你要做的就是手機保持暢通就ok了。既然這么好，那大家就跟隨我一塊愉快的感受下吧！

首先打開相關服務：

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios start

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

檢測nagios@server34.example.com是否能收發郵件

[root@server34 objects]# mail nagios@server34.example.com

切換到nagios用戶，查看到以下郵件時則成功

[root@server34 objects]# su - nagios

-bash-4.1$ mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08.  Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/nagios": 1 message

>   1 root                  Sun Apr 27 09:54  20/642   "dsdssds"

&

一般自定義域名會被QQ郵箱當作垃圾郵件處理，在QQ郵箱中設置白名單

-bash-4.1$ ping mail.qq.com  //檢測網絡是否暢通

PING mail.qq.com (14.17.32.178) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 14.17.32.178: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=54.4 ms

64 bytes from 14.17.32.178: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=1088 ms

添加郵箱：

[root@server34 objects]# vim contacts.cfg

 email                           281588847@qq.com

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

下載fetion，和飛信的庫文件linuxso_20101113.tar.gz

[root@server34 ~]# tar zxf linuxso_20101113.tar.gz -C /lib^C

[root@server34 ~]# cp fetion /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

給以下文件加可執行權限

[root@server34 libexec]# chmod +x libACE*^C

[root@server34 libexec]# chmod +x libcrypto.so.4 libssl.so.4

[root@server34 libexec]# chmod nagios.nagios fetion

[root@server34 libexec]# su - nagios

根據提示的錯誤依次安裝以下軟件包：

-bash-4.1$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion

-bash: /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory

[root@server34 ~]# yum install /lib/ld-linux.so.2  libstdc++.so.6  libgssapi_krb5.so.2  libz.so.1  -y

-bash-4.1$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion --mobile=1870924**** --pwd=****** --to=187********,187******** --msg-utf8="hahahahhhhhhhhhhhaaaa"//第一次發送時會要求輸入校驗碼，以后發送時則不需要

為了查看校驗碼的內容，將校驗碼拷貝到物理主機的桌面上

[root@server34 libexec]# scp 18709242146.jpg 192.168.0.39:/root/Desktop

整合飛信與nagios

因發送的對象與內容可能發生改變，故用腳本實現則更為方便，以下是實現該功能的腳本：

-bash-4.1$ vim fetion.sh

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion --mobile=187******** --pwd=****** --to="$1" --msg-utf8="$2" &>/dev/null

給fetion.sh加可執行權限

-bash-4.1$ chmod +x fetion.sh  

測試：

-bash-4.1$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion.sh 1870924**** "westos linux"

-bash-4.1$ vim contacts.cfg

define contact{

       contact_name                    nagiosadmin             ; Short name of user

       use                             generic-contact         ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)

       alias                           Nagios Admin            ; Full name of user

       email                           281588847@qq.com        ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******

       pager                           1870924****

       }

-bash-4.1$ vim commands.cfg

# 'notify-host-by-fetion' command definition

define command{

       command_name    notify-host-by-fetion

       command_line    $USER1$/fetion.sh $CONTACTPAGER$ " $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$"    

       }

# 'notify-service-by-FETION' command definition

define command{

       command_name    notify-service-by-fetion

       command_line     $USER1$/fetion.sh $CONTACTPAGER$ " $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$"    

       }

-bash-4.1$ vim templates.cfg

   service_notification_commands   notify-service-by-email,notify-service-by-fetion        ; send service notifications via email

       host_notification_commands      notify-host-by-email,notify-host-by-fetion      ; send host notifications via email

檢測配置文件

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

測試：

[root@server17 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Stopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

當收到飛信報警信息時配置成功

看完這篇文章，你們學會nagios整合cact實現網絡監控報警的方法了嗎？如果還想學到更多技能或想了解更多相關內容，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道，感謝各位的閱讀。