怎么使用Python+pyaudio實現音頻控制

這篇文章主要介紹“怎么使用Python+pyaudio實現音頻控制”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在怎么使用Python+pyaudio實現音頻控制問題上存在疑惑，小編查閱了各式資料，整理出簡單好用的操作方法，希望對大家解答”怎么使用Python+pyaudio實現音頻控制”的疑惑有所幫助！接下來，請跟著小編一起來學習吧！

簡介

PyAudio是一個跨平臺的音頻處理工具包，使用該工具包可以在Python程序中播放和錄制音頻，也可以產生wav文件等

安裝

pip install PyAudio

注意：使用該命令安裝時可能會報錯，報錯內容如下：

針對該問題，我們使用whl文件進行安裝，首先在網址下面找到以下文件并下載，根據自己的python版本及計算機系統下載相應文件即可。

下載完成后，切換到文件所在目錄，使用如下命令安裝即可

pip3 install PyAudio-0.2.11-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl

pyaudio控制指定設備，錄制音頻/采集音頻流/播放音頻

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#------------- 音頻設備操作模塊 -------------------
#
#   功能:   錄制/獲取音頻流/播放音頻
#   時間：  2021-09-13
#
#--------------------------------------------------

import sys ,pyaudio, wave
from tqdm import tqdm

class UacAudioInAndOut:
    def __init__(self):
        """
            功能:   錄音參數初始化
                    創建vad檢測模塊對象
            參數:   /
            返回值: /
        """
        self.input_format_dict = {"S8_LE":16, "S16_LE":8, "S24_LE":4, "S32_LE":2}
        self.framerate_list = [8000, 11025, 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100, 48000,
                            88200, 96000, 176400, 192000, 352800, 384000]

    def _inforPrintf(self, infor_content):
        """
            功能:   檢測操作系統，使用正確編碼
                    輸出打印信息
            參數:   infor_content: 信息內容
            返回值: /
        """
        if sys.platform != "linux" and sys.platform != "darwin":
            infor_content = str(infor_content).encode("gbk","ignore").decode("gbk")
        print(infor_content)

    def GetAllDevInfor(self):
        """
            功能:   顯示支持設備信息
            參數:   /
            返回值: /
        """
        PA = pyaudio.PyAudio()
        self._inforPrintf("----------------------< 本機支持設備 >------------------------------")
        for dev_index in range(PA.get_device_count()):
            self._inforPrintf("\n-------------------------------------------------------")
            for key in PA.get_device_info_by_index(dev_index):
                    self._inforPrintf("%s:%s"%(key, str(PA.get_device_info_by_index(dev_index)[key])))
            self._inforPrintf("========================================================")


    def GetUacDevInfor(self, devKeywordOrIndex=None):
        """
            功能:   獲取UAC設備信息
            參數:   devKeywordOrIndex: 設備名稱關鍵字或索引
            返回值: dic 設備信息字典
                    False 設備信息獲取失敗
        """
        PA = pyaudio.PyAudio()
        if devKeywordOrIndex == None:
            self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;31m[UacAudioInAndOut] 未設設備, 當前使用默認設備\033[0m")
            return PA.get_default_input_device_info()
        if str(devKeywordOrIndex).isdigit():
            devKeywordOrIndex = int(devKeywordOrIndex)
            return PA.get_device_info_by_index(devKeywordOrIndex)

        uac_infor_list = []
        for uac_index in range(PA.get_device_count()):
            if PA.get_device_info_by_index(uac_index).get("name").find(str(devKeywordOrIndex)) >= 0:
                uac_infor_list.append(PA.get_device_info_by_index(uac_index))

        if len(uac_infor_list) > 1:
            self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;33m[UacAudioInAndOut] UAC 設備有多個，\
                    請修正關鍵字, 當前設備如下: %s\033[0m"%str(uac_infor_list))
            return False
        else:
            return uac_infor_list.pop()

    def is_framerate_supported(self, setFramerate, UacAudioInHandle,
                                load_parame_dict, input_or_output="input"):
        """
            功能:   判斷當配置在指定設備中是否支持
            參數:   setFramerate:       設置采樣率
                    UacAudioInHandle:   設備句柄
                    load_parame_dict:   加載字典
                    input_or_output:    輸入/輸出功能
            返回值: bool True/False
        """
        try:
            if input_or_output == "input":
                UacAudioInHandle.is_format_supported(rate=float(setFramerate),
                            input_device=load_parame_dict['index'],
                            input_channels=load_parame_dict['setInputChannels'],
                            input_format=load_parame_dict['_setInputFormat'])
            else:
                UacAudioInHandle.is_format_supported(rate=float(setFramerate),
                            output_device=load_parame_dict['index'],
                            output_channels=load_parame_dict['maxOutputChannels'],
                            output_format=UacAudioInHandle.get_format_from_width(load_parame_dict['setOutputFormat']))
            return True
        except:
            return False

    def LoadUacAudioInDevice(self, maxStreamDuration=1000, setInputChannels=None,
                                        setInputFormat=None, devKeywordOrIndex=None):
        """
            功能:   加載音頻獲取設備
            參數:   maxStreamDuration=1000 默認一段流時長
                    setInputChannels:           通道數
                    setInputFormat:             位寬
                    devKeywordOrIndex:    錄音設備關鍵字/索引
            返回值:
                    成功: UacAudioInHandle, StreamHandle, load_parame_dict
                    失敗: False
        """
        try:
            load_parame_dict = {}
            uac_infor_dict = self.GetUacDevInfor(devKeywordOrIndex)
            if not setInputFormat:
                _Format = "S16_LE"
                self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;33m[UacAudioInAndOut] 未設置位寬，使用默認 S16_LE \033[0m")
            else:
                _Format = setInputFormat
            setInputFormat = self.input_format_dict[_Format]

            if not setInputChannels or int(setInputChannels) > uac_infor_dict["maxInputChannels"]:
                setInputChannels = uac_infor_dict["maxInputChannels"]
                self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;33m[UacAudioInAndOut] 輸入通道未設置/超出當前設備最大值,使用默認最大通道 %s\
                                                                                    \033[0m"%setInputChannels)
            else:
                setInputChannels = int(setInputChannels)
            dev_index = uac_infor_dict["index"]
            load_parame_dict["index"]=dev_index
            load_parame_dict["setInputFormat"] = _Format
            load_parame_dict["_setInputFormat"] = setInputFormat
            load_parame_dict["setInputChannels"] = setInputChannels
            UacAudioInHandle = pyaudio.PyAudio()
            for setInputFramerate in self.framerate_list:
                if self.is_framerate_supported(setInputFramerate, UacAudioInHandle, load_parame_dict):
                    load_parame_dict["setInputFramerate"] = setInputFramerate
                    break
            #計算數據大小一段
            CHUNK_SIZE = int(setInputFramerate * maxStreamDuration / 1000)
            load_parame_dict["CHUNK_SIZE"] = CHUNK_SIZE
            self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;38m[UacAudioInAndOut] 加載參數: %s\033[0m"%str(load_parame_dict))
            #加載設備
            StreamHandle = UacAudioInHandle.open(
                                format=load_parame_dict['_setInputFormat'],
                                channels=load_parame_dict['setInputChannels'],
                                rate=load_parame_dict['setInputFramerate'],
                                input=True,
                                input_device_index=load_parame_dict['index'],
                                start=False,
                                frames_per_buffer=int(CHUNK_SIZE))
            #開始流獲取
            StreamHandle.start_stream()
            return UacAudioInHandle, StreamHandle, load_parame_dict
        except:
            self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;31m[UacAudioInAndOut] Uac AudioIn 加載失敗\033[0m")
            return False, False, False

    def LoadUacAudioOutDevice(self, devKeywordOrIndex):
        """
            功能:   加載音頻輸出設備
            參數:   /
            返回值: UacAudioInHandle 或 False
        """
        try:
            uac_infor_dict = self.GetUacDevInfor(devKeywordOrIndex)
            UacAudioInHandle = pyaudio.PyAudio()
            return UacAudioInHandle, uac_infor_dict
        except:
            return False


    def GetUacAudioInStream(self, StreamHandle, CHUNK_SIZE):
        """
            功能:   開始采集聲卡音頻
                    生成音頻流
            參數:   UacAudioInHandle:   設備句柄
                    StreamHandle:       流句柄
            返回值  chunk_data 流數據
        """
        return StreamHandle.read(CHUNK_SIZE, exception_on_overflow=False) #防止溢出


    def UacAudioOutPlay(self, playWavFile, Repeat=None, Pdict=None, devKeywordOrIndex=None,):
        """
            功能:   可以循環播放指定文件
            參數:   playWavFile:            播放文件路徑
                    Repeat:                 循環播放次數
                    CustomizeAudioParam:    自定義播放參數
            返回值: /
        """
        UacAudioInHandle, uac_infor_dict = self.LoadUacAudioOutDevice(devKeywordOrIndex)
        self._inforPrintf(str(uac_infor_dict).encode("gbk","ignore").decode("gbk"))
        self._inforPrintf("\033[1;36;34m[UacAudioInAndOut] 指定設備: %s\t播放文件: %s\t循環總數: %s\
                                            \033[0m"%(devKeywordOrIndex, playWavFile,Repeat))
        try:
            chunk=1024
            pfb = wave.open(playWavFile, 'rb')
            setOutputFormat = pfb.getsampwidth()
            setOutputChannels = pfb.getnchannels()
            setOutputFramerate = pfb.getframerate()
            uac_infor_dict['setOutputFormat'] = setOutputFormat

            if setOutputChannels > uac_infor_dict["maxOutputChannels"]:
                self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;31m[UacAudioInAndOut] 當前通道數，在該設備上不支持, \
                                設備最大通道數: %s\033[0m"%uac_infor_dict["maxOutputChannels"])
                return False
            if not self.is_framerate_supported(setOutputFramerate, UacAudioInHandle, uac_infor_dict, "output"):
                self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;31m[UacAudioInAndOut] 當前文件采樣率，在該設備上不支持,\
                                    設備默認采樣率: %s\033[0m"%uac_infor_dict["defaultSampleRate"])
                return False
            else:
                uac_infor_dict["defaultSampleRate"] = setOutputFramerate
            stream = UacAudioInHandle.open(
                                output_device_index=uac_infor_dict['index'],
                                format=UacAudioInHandle.get_format_from_width(setOutputFormat),
                                channels=setOutputChannels,
                                rate=setOutputFramerate,
                                output=True)

            if Repeat == "Dead_cycle":
                self._inforPrintf("\033[1;36;33m[UacAudioInAndOut] Dead cycle play !!! \033[0m")
                while True:
                    if type(Pdict) == dict and Pdict["play status"] == "stop":
                        break
                    pfb = wave.open(playWavFile, 'rb')
                    while True:
                        data = pfb.readframes(chunk)
                        if not data:
                            break
                        stream.write(data)
            else:
                for index in tqdm(range(int(Repeat))):
                    if type(Pdict) == dict and Pdict["play status"] == "stop":
                        break
                    pfb = wave.open(playWavFile, 'rb')
                    while True:
                        data = pfb.readframes(chunk)
                        if not data:
                            break
                        stream.write(data)

            stream.stop_stream()
            stream.close()
            self.CloseAudioDevice(UacAudioInHandle)
            return True
        except:
            stream.stop_stream()
            stream.close()
            return False


    def UacAudioInRecord(self, saveWavFile, recordTime, #單位秒
                        setInputChannels=None,
                        setInputFormat=None,
                        devKeywordOrIndex=None):
        """
            功能:   錄制音頻文件
            參數:   recordTime:         錄音時長, 單位(s)
                    setInputFramerate:  采樣率
                    setInputChannels:   通道數
                    setInputFormat:     位寬
                    devKeywordOrIndex:      錄音設備索引
            返回值: /
        """
        maxStreamDuration=1000
        load_parame_dict = {}
        UacAudioInHandle, StreamHandle, load_parame_dict = self.LoadUacAudioInDevice(
                                                                    maxStreamDuration,
                                                                    setInputChannels,
                                                                    setInputFormat,
                                                                    devKeywordOrIndex)
        if not UacAudioInHandle or not StreamHandle:
            self._inforPrintf("\033[0;36;31m[UacAudioInAndOut] 錄音失敗\033[0m")
            return False

        self._inforPrintf("\033[1;36;34m[UacAudioInAndOut] 錄音 -> 文件名: %s 時長: %s\
                                            \033[0m"%(saveWavFile,recordTime))
        self._inforPrintf(load_parame_dict["CHUNK_SIZE"])
        data_list = []
        for recordTime_index in range(int(recordTime)):
            data = None
            data = StreamHandle.read(load_parame_dict["CHUNK_SIZE"], exception_on_overflow=False)
            data_list.append(data)
        StreamHandle.stop_stream()
        StreamHandle.close()
        self.CloseAudioDevice(UacAudioInHandle)
        with wave.open(saveWavFile, "wb") as wavfb:
            wavfb.setnchannels(load_parame_dict["setInputChannels"])
            wavfb.setsampwidth(UacAudioInHandle.get_sample_size(load_parame_dict["_setInputFormat"]))
            wavfb.setframerate(load_parame_dict["setInputFramerate"])
            wavfb.writeframes(b''.join(data_list))

        """
            功能:   關閉音頻流設備
            參數:   UacAudioInHandle
            返回值: bool True/False
        """
        try:
            StreamHandle.stop_stream()
            StreamHandle.close()
            self.CloseAudioDevice()
            return True
        except:
            return False

    def CloseAudioDevice(self, UacAudioDeviceHandle):
        """
            功能:   釋放 Audio 設備
            參數:   UacAudioDeviceHandle
            返回值: bool True/False
        """
        try:
            UacAudioDeviceHandle.terminate()
            return True
        except:
            return False


if __name__=="__main__":
    asv = UacAudioInAndOut()
    asv.GetAllDevInfor()
    #asv.UacAudioOutPlay(sys.argv[1], int(sys.argv[2]), None, sys.argv[3])
    asv.UacAudioInRecord(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2])

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