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如何使用python實現智能五子棋游戲，針對這個問題，這篇文章詳細介紹了相對應的分析和解答，希望可以幫助更多想解決這個問題的小伙伴找到更簡單易行的方法。
最熱門最好玩的Python游戲點擊即玩！
今天推薦的游戲是五子棋小游戲——人機對戰、聯機對戰皆可！
你是否還記得？中學時代和同桌下過的五子棋？
這樣下棋只怕是會被打！！！！我懷疑他開掛了，并且找到了證據。
首先準備好需要的圖片等素材部分如下：
好了！直接上代碼吧——設置游戲開始界面：
class gameStartUI(QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kwargs):
super(gameStartUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.setFixedSize(760, 650)
self.setWindowTitle('五子棋游戲對戰')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(cfg.ICON_FILEPATH))
# 背景圖片
palette = QPalette()
palette.setBrush(self.backgroundRole(), QBrush(QPixmap(cfg.BACKGROUND_IMAGEPATHS.get('bg_start'))))
self.setPalette(palette)
# 按鈕
# --人機對戰
self.ai_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('ai'), self)
self.ai_button.move(250, 200)
self.ai_button.show()
self.ai_button.click_signal.connect(self.playWithAI)
# --聯機對戰
self.online_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('online'), self)
self.online_button.move(250, 350)
self.online_button.show()
self.online_button.click_signal.connect(self.playOnline)
'''人機對戰'''
def playWithAI(self):
self.close()
self.gaming_ui = playWithAIUI(cfg)
self.gaming_ui.exit_signal.connect(lambda: sys.exit())
self.gaming_ui.back_signal.connect(self.show)
self.gaming_ui.show()
'''聯機對戰'''
def playOnline(self):
self.close()
self.gaming_ui = playOnlineUI(cfg, self)
self.gaming_ui.show()
'''run'''
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
handle = gameStartUI()
font = QFont()
font.setPointSize(12)
handle.setFont(font)
handle.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())效果如下：
一個是五子棋規則設置的人機對戰:
import pygame
from ..misc import *
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from itertools import product
from .aiGobang import aiGobang
'''人機對戰'''
class playWithAIUI(QWidget):
back_signal = pyqtSignal()
exit_signal = pyqtSignal()
send_back_signal = False
def __init__(self, cfg, parent=None, **kwargs):
super(playWithAIUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.cfg = cfg
self.setFixedSize(760, 650)
self.setWindowTitle('五子棋人機對戰')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(cfg.ICON_FILEPATH))
# 背景圖片
palette = QPalette()
palette.setBrush(self.backgroundRole(), QBrush(QPixmap(cfg.BACKGROUND_IMAGEPATHS.get('bg_game'))))
self.setPalette(palette)
# 按鈕
self.home_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('home'), self)
self.home_button.click_signal.connect(self.goHome)
self.home_button.move(680, 10)
self.startgame_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('startgame'), self)
self.startgame_button.click_signal.connect(self.startgame)
self.startgame_button.move(640, 240)
self.regret_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('regret'), self)
self.regret_button.click_signal.connect(self.regret)
self.regret_button.move(640, 310)
self.givein_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('givein'), self)
self.givein_button.click_signal.connect(self.givein)
self.givein_button.move(640, 380)
# 落子標志
self.chessman_sign = QLabel(self)
sign = QPixmap(cfg.CHESSMAN_IMAGEPATHS.get('sign'))
self.chessman_sign.setPixmap(sign)
self.chessman_sign.setFixedSize(sign.size())
self.chessman_sign.show()
self.chessman_sign.hide()
# 棋盤(19*19矩陣)
self.chessboard = [[None for i in range(19)] for _ in range(19)]
# 歷史記錄(悔棋用)
self.history_record = []
# 是否在游戲中
self.is_gaming = True
# 勝利方
self.winner = None
self.winner_info_label = None
# 顏色分配and目前輪到誰落子
self.player_color = 'white'
self.ai_color = 'black'
self.whoseround = self.player_color
# 實例化ai
self.ai_player = aiGobang(self.ai_color, self.player_color)
# 落子聲音加載
pygame.mixer.init()
self.drop_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(cfg.SOUNDS_PATHS.get('drop'))
'''鼠標左鍵點擊事件-玩家回合'''
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
if (event.buttons() != QtCore.Qt.LeftButton) or (self.winner is not None) or (self.whoseround != self.player_color) or (not self.is_gaming):
return
# 保證只在棋盤范圍內響應
if event.x() >= 50 and event.x() <= 50 + 30 * 18 + 14 and event.y() >= 50 and event.y() <= 50 + 30 * 18 + 14:
pos = Pixel2Chesspos(event)
# 保證落子的地方本來沒有人落子
if self.chessboard[pos[0]][pos[1]]:
return
# 實例化一個棋子并顯示
c = Chessman(self.cfg.CHESSMAN_IMAGEPATHS.get(self.whoseround), self)
c.move(event.pos())
c.show()
self.chessboard[pos[0]][pos[1]] = c
# 落子聲音響起
self.drop_sound.play()
# 最后落子位置標志對落子位置進行跟隨
self.chessman_sign.show()
self.chessman_sign.move(c.pos())
self.chessman_sign.raise_()
# 記錄這次落子
self.history_record.append([*pos, self.whoseround])
# 是否勝利了
self.winner = checkWin(self.chessboard)
if self.winner:
self.showGameEndInfo()
return
# 切換回合方(其實就是改顏色)
self.nextRound()
'''鼠標左鍵釋放操作-調用電腦回合'''
def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
if (self.winner is not None) or (self.whoseround != self.ai_color) or (not self.is_gaming):
return
self.aiAct()
'''電腦自動下-AI回合'''
def aiAct(self):
if (self.winner is not None) or (self.whoseround == self.player_color) or (not self.is_gaming):
return
next_pos = self.ai_player.act(self.history_record)
# 實例化一個棋子并顯示
c = Chessman(self.cfg.CHESSMAN_IMAGEPATHS.get(self.whoseround), self)
c.move(QPoint(*Chesspos2Pixel(next_pos)))
c.show()
self.chessboard[next_pos[0]][next_pos[1]] = c
# 落子聲音響起
self.drop_sound.play()
# 最后落子位置標志對落子位置進行跟隨
self.chessman_sign.show()
self.chessman_sign.move(c.pos())
self.chessman_sign.raise_()
# 記錄這次落子
self.history_record.append([*next_pos, self.whoseround])
# 是否勝利了
self.winner = checkWin(self.chessboard)
if self.winner:
self.showGameEndInfo()
return
# 切換回合方(其實就是改顏色)
self.nextRound()
'''改變落子方'''
def nextRound(self):
self.whoseround = self.player_color if self.whoseround == self.ai_color else self.ai_color
'''顯示游戲結束結果'''
def showGameEndInfo(self):
self.is_gaming = False
info_img = QPixmap(self.cfg.WIN_IMAGEPATHS.get(self.winner))
self.winner_info_label = QLabel(self)
self.winner_info_label.setPixmap(info_img)
self.winner_info_label.resize(info_img.size())
self.winner_info_label.move(50, 50)
self.winner_info_label.show()
'''認輸'''
def givein(self):
if self.is_gaming and (self.winner is None) and (self.whoseround == self.player_color):
self.winner = self.ai_color
self.showGameEndInfo()
'''悔棋-只有我方回合的時候可以悔棋'''
def regret(self):
if (self.winner is not None) or (len(self.history_record) == 0) or (not self.is_gaming) and (self.whoseround != self.player_color):
return
for _ in range(2):
pre_round = self.history_record.pop(-1)
self.chessboard[pre_round[0]][pre_round[1]].close()
self.chessboard[pre_round[0]][pre_round[1]] = None
self.chessman_sign.hide()
'''開始游戲-之前的對弈必須已經結束才行'''
def startgame(self):
if self.is_gaming:
return
self.is_gaming = True
self.whoseround = self.player_color
for i, j in product(range(19), range(19)):
if self.chessboard[i][j]:
self.chessboard[i][j].close()
self.chessboard[i][j] = None
self.winner = None
self.winner_info_label.close()
self.winner_info_label = None
self.history_record.clear()
self.chessman_sign.hide()
'''關閉窗口事件'''
def closeEvent(self, event):
if not self.send_back_signal:
self.exit_signal.emit()
'''返回游戲主頁面'''
def goHome(self):
self.send_back_signal = True
self.close()
self.back_signal.emit()如下：害！我這下了很久呢，有幾次都沒下贏人機！2333游戲廢材
另一個定義聯機對戰：
import sys
import random
from .server import *
from .client import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
'''聯機對戰'''
class playOnlineUI(QWidget):
def __init__(self, cfg, home_ui, parent=None, **kwargs):
super(playOnlineUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.cfg = cfg
self.home_ui = home_ui
self.setWindowTitle('聯機對戰')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(cfg.ICON_FILEPATH))
self.setFixedSize(300, 200)
# 昵稱
self.nickname = random.choice(['杰尼龜', '皮卡丘', '小火龍', '小鋸鱷', '妙蛙種子', '菊草葉'])
self.layout0 = QHBoxLayout()
self.nickname_label = QLabel('游戲昵稱:', self)
self.nickname_edit = QLineEdit(self)
self.nickname_edit.setText(self.nickname)
self.layout0.addWidget(self.nickname_label, 1)
self.layout0.addWidget(self.nickname_edit, 3)
# IP
self.target_ip = '127.0.0.1'
self.layout1 = QHBoxLayout()
self.ip_label = QLabel('對方IP:', self)
self.ip_edit = QLineEdit(self)
self.ip_edit.setText(self.target_ip)
self.layout1.addWidget(self.ip_label, 1)
self.layout1.addWidget(self.ip_edit, 3)
# 按鈕
self.layout2 = QHBoxLayout()
self.connect_button = QPushButton('作為客戶端', self)
self.connect_button.clicked.connect(self.becomeClient)
self.ashost_button = QPushButton('作為服務器', self)
self.ashost_button.clicked.connect(self.becomeHost)
self.layout2.addWidget(self.connect_button)
self.layout2.addWidget(self.ashost_button)
# 布局
self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.layout.addLayout(self.layout0)
self.layout.addLayout(self.layout1)
self.layout.addLayout(self.layout2)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
'''作為客戶端'''
def becomeClient(self):
self.close()
self.nickname = self.nickname_edit.text()
self.target_ip = self.ip_edit.text()
self.client_ui = gobangClient(cfg=self.cfg, nickname=self.nickname, server_ip=self.target_ip)
self.client_ui.exit_signal.connect(lambda: sys.exit())
self.client_ui.back_signal.connect(self.home_ui.show)
self.client_ui.show()
'''作為服務器'''
def becomeHost(self):
self.close()
self.nickname = self.nickname_edit.text()
self.server_ui = gobangSever(cfg=self.cfg, nickname=self.nickname)
self.server_ui.exit_signal.connect(lambda: sys.exit())
self.server_ui.back_signal.connect(self.home_ui.show)
self.server_ui.show()如下聯機對戰界面第一步：
定義五子棋AI算法：
import random from itertools import product '''五子棋AI算法''' class aiGobang(): def __init__(self, ai_color, player_color, search_depth=1, **kwargs): assert search_depth % 2, 'search_depth must be odd number' self.ai_color = ai_color self.player_color = player_color self.search_depth = search_depth self.score_model = [(50, (0, 1, 1, 0, 0)), (50, (0, 0, 1, 1, 0)), (200, (1, 1, 0, 1, 0)), (500, (0, 0, 1, 1, 1)), (500, (1, 1, 1, 0, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 1, 1, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0)), (5000, (1, 1, 1, 0, 1)), (5000, (1, 1, 0, 1, 1)), (5000, (1, 0, 1, 1, 1)), (5000, (1, 1, 1, 1, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 1, 1, 1)), (50000, (0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0)), (99999999, (1, 1, 1, 1, 1))] self.alpha = -99999999 self.beta = 99999999 self.all_list = [(i, j) for i, j in product(range(19), range(19))] '''外部調用''' def act(self, history_record): self.ai_list = [] self.player_list = [] self.aiplayer_list = [] for item in history_record: self.aiplayer_list.append((item[0], item[1])) if item[-1] == self.ai_color: self.ai_list.append((item[0], item[1])) elif item[-1] == self.player_color: self.player_list.append((item[0], item[1])) while True: self.next_point = random.choice(range(19)), random.choice(range(19)) if self.next_point not in self.aiplayer_list: break self.__doSearch(True, self.search_depth, self.alpha, self.beta) return self.next_point '''負極大值搜索, alpha+beta剪枝''' def __doSearch(self, is_ai_round, depth, alpha, beta): if self.__isgameover(self.ai_list) or self.__isgameover(self.player_list) or depth == 0: return self.__evaluation(is_ai_round) blank_list = list(set(self.all_list).difference(set(self.aiplayer_list))) blank_list = self.__rearrange(blank_list) for next_step in blank_list: if not self.__hasNeighbor(next_step): continue if is_ai_round: self.ai_list.append(next_step) else: self.player_list.append(next_step) self.aiplayer_list.append(next_step) value = -self.__doSearch(not is_ai_round, depth-1, -beta, -alpha) if is_ai_round: self.ai_list.remove(next_step) else: self.player_list.remove(next_step) self.aiplayer_list.remove(next_step) if value > alpha: if depth == self.search_depth: self.next_point = next_step if value >= beta: return beta alpha = value return alpha '''游戲是否結束了''' def __isgameover(self, oneslist): for i, j in product(range(19), range(19)): if i < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i+1, j) in oneslist and (i+2, j) in oneslist and (i+3, j) in oneslist and (i+4, j) in oneslist: return True elif j < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i, j+1) in oneslist and (i, j+2) in oneslist and (i, j+3) in oneslist and (i, j+4) in oneslist: return True elif i < 15 and j < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i+1, j+1) in oneslist and (i+2, j+2) in oneslist and (i+3, j+3) in oneslist and (i+4, j+4) in oneslist: return True elif i > 3 and j < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i-1, j+1) in oneslist and (i-2, j+2) in oneslist and (i-3, j+3) in oneslist and (i-4, j+4) in oneslist: return True return False '''重新排列未落子位置''' def __rearrange(self, blank_list): last_step = self.aiplayer_list[-1] for item in blank_list: for i, j in product(range(-1, 2), range(-1, 2)): if i == 0 and j == 0: continue next_step = (last_step[0]+i, last_step[1]+j) if next_step in blank_list: blank_list.remove(next_step) blank_list.insert(0, next_step) return blank_list '''是否存在近鄰''' def __hasNeighbor(self, next_step): for i, j in product(range(-1, 2), range(-1, 2)): if i == 0 and j == 0: continue if (next_step[0]+i, next_step[1]+j) in self.aiplayer_list: return True return False '''計算得分''' def __calcScore(self, i, j, x_direction, y_direction, list1, list2, all_scores): add_score = 0 max_score = (0, None) for each in all_scores: for item in each[1]: if i == item[0] and j == item[1] and x_direction == each[2][0] and y_direction == each[2][1]: return 0, all_scores for noffset in range(-5, 1): position = [] for poffset in range(6): x, y = i + (poffset + noffset) * x_direction, j + (poffset + noffset) * y_direction if (x, y) in list2: position.append(2) elif (x, y) in list1: position.append(1) else: position.append(0) shape_len5 = tuple(position[0: -1]) shape_len6 = tuple(position) for score, shape in self.score_model: if shape_len5 == shape or shape_len6 == shape: if score > max_score[0]: max_score = (score, ((i + (0 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (0 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (1 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (1 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (2 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (2 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (3 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (3 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (4 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (4 + noffset) * y_direction)), (x_direction, y_direction)) if max_score[1] is not None: for each in all_scores: for p1 in each[1]: for p2 in max_score[1]: if p1 == p2 and max_score[0] > 10 and each[0] > 10: add_score += max_score[0] + each[0] all_scores.append(max_score) return add_score+max_score[0], all_scores '''評估函數''' def __evaluation(self, is_ai_round): if is_ai_round: list1 = self.ai_list list2 = self.player_list else: list2 = self.ai_list list1 = self.player_list active_all_scores = [] active_score = 0 for item in list1: score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 0, 1, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 0, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 1, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], -1, 1, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score passive_all_scores = [] passive_score = 0 for item in list2: score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 0, 1, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 0, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 1, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], -1, 1, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score total_score = active_score - passive_score * 0.1 return total_score
關于如何使用python實現智能五子棋游戲問題的解答就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，如果你還有很多疑惑沒有解開，可以關注億速云行業資訊頻道了解更多相關知識。
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