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下文主要給大家帶來操作CDH元數據庫MySQL主備詳細教程，希望這些內容能夠帶給大家實際用處，這也是我編輯操作CDH元數據庫MySQL主備詳細教程這篇文章的主要目的。好了，廢話不多說，大家直接看下文吧。
1.Master和Slave配置
2.構建主從復制
3.主從復制驗證
1.兩臺Linux云服務器（172.31.10.118(主)/172.31.5.190），操作系統為CentOS6.5
2.MySQL5.1.73
3.采用root用戶操作
1.兩個MySQL版本必須一致
2.兩個MySQL已安裝好，且沒有任何數據
3.主MySQL必須開啟bin-log日志
2.MySQL主從復制
2.1Master和Slave配置
配置文件說明：
log-bin：開啟二進制日志，日志文件前綴
server-id：數據庫服務的唯一標識確保標識不重復，一般設置為云服務器ip的末尾數
binlog-format：設置Mysql binlog記錄日志的格式（格式含：Statement、MIXED、ROW），MySQL默認使用的是Statement，推薦使用MIXED。
修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置
[root@ip-172-31-10-118 cloudera-scm-server]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=118
binlog_format=MIXED
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
修改/etc/my.conf文件，增加如下配置
[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=190
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# 
2.1構建主從復制
用戶名：mysync 密碼：mysync
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;mysync用戶必須具有REPLICATION SLAVE權限。說明一下172.31.%，這個配置是指明mysync用戶所在云服務器，這里%是通配符，表示IP以172.31開頭的Server都可以使用mysync用戶登陸Master主云服務器。也可以指定固定IP。
命令行操作
[root@ip-172-31-10-118 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysync'@'172.31.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysync';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2.查看Master(172.31.10.118) MySQL二進制日志File與Position
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 1121 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
3.在Slave從MySQL上執行如下SQL
change master to
master_host='172.31.10.118',
master_user='mysync',
master_password='mysync',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
master_log_pos=1121;命令行執行
[root@ip-172-31-5-190 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
...
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
...
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='172.31.10.118',
-> master_user='mysync',
-> master_password='mysync',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
-> master_log_pos=1121;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> 
4.在Slave從MySQL上執行命令，啟動同步
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
5.在Slave MySQL上查看Slave狀態
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.31.10.118
Master_User: mysync
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1121
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1121
Relay_Log_Space: 407
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
注意：上圖標注部分顯示為“Yes”則表示主從復制構建成功。
2.3主從復制驗證
2.登錄Slave從MySQL上執行SQL
3.在Master主MySQL上執行SQL
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table table1(id int, name varchar(32));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| table1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
4.在Slave從MySQL上執行SQL查看
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| table1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
通過上述測試，Master主MySQL創建的庫和表都正常的同步到Slave從MySQL。
3.備注
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
注意：執行上述操作后，需要重啟MySQL服務。
對于以上關于操作CDH元數據庫MySQL主備詳細教程，大家是不是覺得非常有幫助。如果需要了解更多內容，請繼續關注我們的行業資訊，相信你會喜歡上這些內容的。
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