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5.Sentry列權限管理
1.在集群所有節點添加fayson_r用戶
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 cdh-shell-bak]# useradd fayson_r
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 cdh-shell-bak]# id fayson_r
uid=504(fayson_r) gid=504(fayson_r) groups=504(fayson_r)
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 cdh-shell-bak]#
2.創建Kerberos用戶fayson_r
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal hive/admin@FAYSON.COM with password.
kadmin.local: addprinc fayson_r@FAYSON.COM
WARNING: no policy specified for fayson_r@FAYSON.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal "fayson_r@FAYSON.COM":
Re-enter password for principal "fayson_r@FAYSON.COM":
Principal "fayson_r@FAYSON.COM" created.
kadmin.local:
3.使用hive用戶登錄Kerberos
使用beeline連接HiveServer2,創建columnread角色并授權test表s1列的讀權限,將columnread角色授權給fayson_r用戶組
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/07/17 15:27:58 09/08/17 15:27:58 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/12/17 15:27:58
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# beeline
Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh6.12.1 by Apache Hive
beeline> create role columnread;
No current connection
beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/;principal=hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
...
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> create role columnread;
...
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.183 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> grant select(s1) on table test to role columnread;
...
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.105 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> grant role columnread to group fayson_r;
...
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.105 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/>
4.fayson_r用戶測試
使用fayson_r登錄Kerberos,通過beeline連接HiveServer2
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kdestroy
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kinit fayson_r
Password for fayson_r@FAYSON.COM:
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: fayson_r@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/08/17 03:16:47 09/09/17 03:16:47 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/15/17 03:16:47
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# beeline
Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh6.12.1 by Apache Hive
beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/;principal=hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
scan complete in 2ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/;principal=hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 1.1.0-cdh6.12.1)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 1.1.0-cdh6.12.1)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> show databases;
...
INFO : OK
+----------------+--+
| database_name |
+----------------+--+
| default |
+----------------+--+
1 row selected (0.336 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> show tables;
...
INFO : OK
+-----------+--+
| tab_name |
+-----------+--+
| test |
+-----------+--+
1 row selected (0.202 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select * from test;
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privileges
User fayson_r does not have privileges for QUERY
The required privileges: Server=server1->Db=default->Table=test->Column=s2->action=select; (state=42000,code=40000)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select s1 from test;
...
INFO : OK
+---------+--+
| s1 |
+---------+--+
| a |
| 1 |
| 111 |
| a |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| testaa |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 222 |
+---------+--+
11 rows selected (0.433 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select count(*) from test;
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privileges
User fayson_r does not have privileges for QUERY
The required privileges: Server=server1->Db=default->Table=test->action=select; (state=42000,code=40000)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select count(s1) from test;
...
INFO : OK
+------+--+
| _c0 |
+------+--+
| 11 |
+------+--+
1 row selected (33.012 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/>
5.瀏覽HDFS目錄
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: fayson_r@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/08/17 03:16:47 09/09/17 03:16:47 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/15/17 03:16:47
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse
ls: Permission denied: user=fayson_r, access=READ_EXECUTE, inode="/user/hive/warehouse":hive:hive:drwxrwx--x
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse/test
ls: Permission denied: user=fayson_r, access=READ_EXECUTE, inode="/user/hive/warehouse/test":hive:hive:drwxrwx--x
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]#
6.使用admin用戶登錄Hue,創建fayson_r用戶
使用fayson_r用戶登錄
不能對test表所有列進行查詢
可以對test表的s1列進行查詢
不能通過File Brwoser瀏覽test表的數據目錄/user/hive/warehouse/test
測試總結:
fayson_r用戶所屬用戶組為fayson_r,該組只擁有對test表s1列的讀權限,因此在select和count的時候只能對s1列進行select和count,fayson_r用戶無權限瀏覽/user/hive/warehouse下的所有目錄;使用hue只能對test表s1列進行select和count操作,無權限瀏覽/user/hive/warehouse目錄及目錄下所有子目錄。
注意:Sentry只支持SELECT的列授權,不能用于INSERT和ALL的列授權。
6.備注
在集群啟用Sentry服務后,由于Sentry不支持Hive CLI權限管理,所以建議禁用Hive CLI。
進入Hive服務,修改hadoop.proxyuser.hive.group配置,此配置會覆蓋HDFS服務中hive代理用戶組配置,默認值為空則繼承HDFS服務中的hive代理用戶配置
以上配置表示hue、hive、impala用戶組可以使用Hive CLI,配置完成重啟Hive及其相關服務。
注:如果配置為空則表示禁止所有用戶組,需要注意配置為空會導致Hue不可用,hive用戶不能通過beeline和Hive CLI訪問Hive。
2.測試配置是否生效
l 使用hive用戶登錄Kerberos,然后使用Hive CLI操作
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]# kinit -kt hive.keytab hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/07/17 13:33:21 09/08/17 13:33:21 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/12/17 13:33:21
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]#
登錄Hive CLI,進行SQL操作
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]# hive
...
hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 1.881 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> show tables;
OK
test
test_hive_delimiter
test_table
Time taken: 0.034 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)
hive> select * from test;
OK
a b
1 2
111 222
a b
1 2
2 333
testaa testbbb
1 test
2 fayson
3 zhangsan
222 2323
Time taken: 0.477 seconds, Fetched: 11 row(s)
hive> select count(*) from test;
...
OK
11
Time taken: 31.143 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive>
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# kdestroy
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# kinit -kt hue.keytab hue/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: hue/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/07/17 13:37:22 09/08/17 13:37:22 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/12/17 13:37:22
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]#
通過Hive CLI操作
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# hive
...
hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 1.892 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> show tables;
OK
test
test_hive_delimiter
test_table
Time taken: 0.036 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)
hive> select * from test;
FAILED: SemanticException Unable to determine if hdfs://ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test is encrypted: org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=hue, access=READ, inode="/user/hive/warehouse/test":hive:hive:drwxrwx--x
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.checkAccessAcl(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:363)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.check(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:256)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.checkPermission(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:168)
at org.apache.sentry.hdfs.SentryAuthorizationProvider.checkPermission(SentryAuthorizationProvider.java:178)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.checkPermission(FSPermissionChecker.java:152)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:3530)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:3513)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPathAccess(FSDirectory.java:3484)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.checkPathAccess(FSNamesystem.java:6624)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getEZForPath(FSNamesystem.java:9267)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.getEZForPath(NameNodeRpcServer.java:1637)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.getEZForPath(AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.java:928)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.getEZForPath(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:1360)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:617)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1073)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2217)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2213)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1917)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2211)
hive>
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# kdestroy
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# kinit -kt impala.keytab impala/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: impala/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/07/17 13:41:25 09/08/17 13:41:25 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/12/17 13:41:25
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]#
使用Hive CLI操作
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# hive
...
hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 1.941 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> show tables;
OK
test
test_hive_delimiter
test_table
Time taken: 0.037 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)
hive> select * from test;
OK
a b
1 2
111 222
a b
1 2
2 333
testaa testbbb
1 test
2 fayson
3 zhangsan
222 2323
Time taken: 0.523 seconds, Fetched: 11 row(s)
hive>
使用fayson用戶登錄Kerberos測試
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kdestroy
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kinit fayson
Password for fayson@FAYSON.COM:
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: fayson@FAYSON.COM
Valid starting Expires Service principal
09/07/17 13:44:29 09/08/17 13:44:29 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM
renew until 09/14/17 13:44:29
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]#
使用Hive CLI操作
[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# hive
...
hive> show databases;
FAILED: SemanticException org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset
hive> show tables;
FAILED: SemanticException org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset
hive>
測試總結:
通過Hive配置(hadoop.proxyuser.hive.groups)可以限制用戶組使用HiveCLI訪問Hive,未配置在內的用戶組是不可以通過Hive CLI訪問(如fayson用戶)。在測試中發現impala和hive用戶可以通過Hive CLI訪問hive表并未受權限控制,而hue用戶只能show databases和show tables不能select表。報HDFS訪問權限異常,由于hive表的屬主均為hive,hive和impala用戶都屬于hive組,hue用戶不屬于hive組導致。
注意:hadoop.proxyuser.hive.groups是針對用戶組限制,如配置了hive用戶組可以通過Hive CLI訪問Hive,則屬于hive組的所有用戶均可以通過Hive CLI訪問Hive表且不受Sentry權限控制。
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