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這篇文章主要介紹ceph技巧有哪些，文中介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！
擴容前
[root@mon0 ceph]# rbd create myrbd/rbd1 -s 1024 --image-format=2 [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd ls myrbd rbd1 [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd info myrbd/rbd1 rbd image 'rbd1': size 1024 MB in 256 objects order 22 (4096 kB objects) block_name_prefix: rbd_data.12ce6b8b4567 format: 2 features: layering
擴容
[root@mon0 ceph]# rbd resize myrbd/rbd1 -s 2048 Resizing image: 100% complete...done.
在rbd1未格式化和掛載之前，直接resize就可以了。如果rbd1已經格式化并掛載了，需要一些額外的操作：
[root@mon0 ceph]# rbd map myrbd/rbd1 [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd showmapped id pool image snap device 0 test test.img - /dev/rbd0 1 myrbd rbd1 - /dev/rbd1 [root@mon0 ceph]# mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd1 log stripe unit (4194304 bytes) is too large (maximum is 256KiB) log stripe unit adjusted to 32KiB meta-data=/dev/rbd1 isize=256 agcount=9, agsize=64512 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=524288, imaxpct=25 = sunit=1024 swidth=1024 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 [root@mon0 ceph]# mount /dev/rbd1 /mnt [root@mon0 ceph]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 529G 20G 482G 4% / tmpfs 16G 408K 16G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sdb 559G 33G 527G 6% /openstack /dev/sdc 1.9T 75M 1.9T 1% /cephmp1 /dev/sdd 1.9T 61M 1.9T 1% /cephmp2 /dev/rbd1 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% /mnt [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd resize myrbd/rbd1 -s 4096 Resizing image: 100% complete...done. [root@mon0 ceph]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 529G 20G 482G 4% / tmpfs 16G 408K 16G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sdb 559G 33G 527G 6% /openstack /dev/sdc 1.9T 75M 1.9T 1% /cephmp1 /dev/sdd 1.9T 61M 1.9T 1% /cephmp2 /dev/rbd1 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% /mnt [root@mon0 ceph]# xfs_growfs /mnt meta-data=/dev/rbd1 isize=256 agcount=9, agsize=64512 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=524288, imaxpct=25 = sunit=1024 swidth=1024 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 524288 to 1048576 [root@mon0 ceph]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 529G 20G 482G 4% / tmpfs 16G 408K 16G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sdb 559G 33G 527G 6% /openstack /dev/sdc 1.9T 75M 1.9T 1% /cephmp1 /dev/sdd 1.9T 61M 1.9T 1% /cephmp2 /dev/rbd1 4.0G 33M 4.0G 1% /mnt
還有一種情況是，rbd1已經被掛載到一個vm上：
virsh domblklist myvm rbd resize myrbd/rbd1 #這里需要通過virsh blockresize進行操作 virsh blockresize --domain myvm --path vdb --size 100G rbd info myrbd/rbd1
利用ceph-deploy安裝ceph非常簡單，可以在安裝后根據需要調整ceph.conf。
mkdir ceph-deploy; cd ceph-deploy ceph-deploy install $cluster ceph-deploy new cephnode-01 cephnode-02 cephnode-03 ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf mon create cephnode-01 cephnode-02 cephnode-03 ceph-deploy gatherkeys cephnode-01 ceph-deploy osd create \ cephnode-01:/dev/sdb:/dev/sda5 \ cephnode-01:/dev/sdc:/dev/sda6 \ cephnode-01:/dev/sdd:/dev/sda7 \ cephnode-02:/dev/sdb:/dev/sda5 \ cephnode-02:/dev/sdc:/dev/sda6 \ cephnode-02:/dev/sdd:/dev/sda7 \ cephnode-03:/dev/sdb:/dev/sda5 \ cephnode-03:/dev/sdc:/dev/sda6 \ cephnode-03:/dev/sdd:/dev/sda7 \ cephnode-04:/dev/sdb:/dev/sda5 \ cephnode-04:/dev/sdc:/dev/sda6 \ cephnode-04:/dev/sdd:/dev/sda7 \ cephnode-05:/dev/sdb:/dev/sda5 \ cephnode-05:/dev/sdc:/dev/sda6 \ cephnode-05:/dev/sdd:/dev/sda7
利用ceph-deploy進行卸載：
ceph-deploy purgedata $cluster ceph-deploy purge $cluster for host in $cluster do ssh $host <<EOF sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=1M count=100 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=1M count=100 sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd bs=1M count=100 sudo sgdisk -g --clear /dev/sdb sudo sgdisk -g --clear /dev/sdc sudo sgdisk -g --clear /dev/sdd EOF done
rbd snap ls myrbd/rbd1 SNAPID NAME SIZE 10 snap1 102400 KB 12 snap2 102400 KB rbd snap purge myrbd/rbd1 Removing all snapshots: 100% complete...done. rbd rm myrbd/rbd1 Removing image: 100% complete...done.
創建并掛載rbd1：
[root@mon0 ceph]# rbd create myrbd/rbd1 -s 1024 --image-format=2 [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd map myrbd/rbd1 [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd showmapped id pool image snap device 0 test test.img - /dev/rbd0 1 myrbd rbd1 - /dev/rbd1 [root@mon0 ceph]# mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd1 log stripe unit (4194304 bytes) is too large (maximum is 256KiB) log stripe unit adjusted to 32KiB meta-data=/dev/rbd1 isize=256 agcount=9, agsize=31744 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=262144, imaxpct=25 = sunit=1024 swidth=1024 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 [root@mon0 ceph]# blkid|grep rbd1 /dev/rbd1: UUID="643b509f-406b-411b-b3a5-fa220fbdfe47" TYPE="xfs" [root@mon0 ceph]# mount /dev/rbd1 /mnt [root@mon0 ceph]# mount | grep rbd1 /dev/rbd1 on /mnt type xfs (rw)
創建snap并回滾：
[root@mon0 ceph]# rbd snap ls myrbd/rbd1 SNAPID NAME SIZE 2 snap1 1024 MB [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd snap rollback myrbd/rbd1@snap1 Rolling back to snapshot: 100% complete...done. [root@mon0 ceph]# ls /mnt v2 [root@mon0 ceph]# umount /mnt [root@mon0 ceph]# mount /dev/rbd1 /mnt [root@mon0 ceph]# ls /mnt v1
通過快照掛載：
[root@mon0 ceph]# rbd map myrbd/rbd1@snap1 [root@mon0 ceph]# rbd showmapped id pool image snap device 0 test test.img - /dev/rbd0 1 myrbd rbd1 - /dev/rbd1 2 myrbd rbd1 snap1 /dev/rbd2 [root@mon0 ceph]# mount -t xfs -o ro,norecovery,nouuid /dev/rbd2 /tmp [root@mon0 ceph]# ls /tmp v1
利用rados put上傳并利用map查看文件
[root@osd2 software]# md5sum epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 2cd0ae668a585a14e07c2ea4f264d79b epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm [root@osd2 software]# rados put -p myrbd epel.rpm ./epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm [root@osd2 software]# ceph osd map myrbd epel.rpm osdmap e88 pool 'myrbd' (4) object 'epel.rpm' -> pg 4.e9ddf5be (4.be) -> up ([4,2], p4) acting ([4,2], p4)
查看所在位置并驗證：
[root@osd2 software]# ceph osd tree # id weight type name up/down reweight -1 10.92 root default -2 3.64 host mon0 0 1.82 osd.0 up 1 1 1.82 osd.1 up 1 -3 3.64 host osd1 2 1.82 osd.2 up 1 3 1.82 osd.3 up 1 -4 3.64 host osd2 4 1.82 osd.4 up 1 5 1.82 osd.5 up 1 [root@osd2 software]# cd /cephmp1/current/4.be_head/ [root@osd2 4.be_head]# ls epel.rpm__head_E9DDF5BE__4 [root@osd2 4.be_head]# md5sum epel.rpm__head_E9DDF5BE__4 2cd0ae668a585a14e07c2ea4f264d79b epel.rpm__head_E9DDF5BE__4 [root@osd2 4.be_head]# ll -h total 20K -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15K Nov 4 17:59 epel.rpm__head_E9DDF5BE__4
利用rbd input上傳后進行驗證：
[root@osd2 software]# touch hello.txt [root@osd2 software]# echo "hello world" >> hello.txt [root@osd2 software]# rbd import ./hello.txt myrbd/hello.txt Importing image: 100% complete...done. [root@osd2 software]# rbd info myrbd/hello.txt rbd image 'hello.txt': size 12 bytes in 1 objects order 22 (4096 kB objects) block_name_prefix: rb.0.1365.6b8b4567 format: 1 [root@osd2 software]# rados ls -p myrbd rbd_data.13446b8b4567.00000000000000ba rbd_directory rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000007d rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000007c rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000005d rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000007e rbd_data.13446b8b4567.00000000000000ff rb.0.1365.6b8b4567.000000000000 hello.txt.rbd rbd_data.13446b8b4567.00000000000000d9 rbd_data.13446b8b4567.00000000000000f8 rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000009b rbd_data.13446b8b4567.0000000000000001 rbd_header.13446b8b4567 epel.rpm rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000001f rbd_data.13446b8b4567.000000000000003e rbd_id.rbd1 rbd_data.13446b8b4567.0000000000000000 #這樣得到的位置信息是錯誤的 [root@osd2 software]# ceph osd map myrbd hello.txt osdmap e88 pool 'myrbd' (4) object 'hello.txt' -> pg 4.d92fd82b (4.2b) -> up ([4,3], p4) acting ([4,3], p4) #需要加上.rbd [root@osd2 current]# ceph osd map myrbd hello.txt.rbd osdmap e88 pool 'myrbd' (4) object 'hello.txt.rbd' -> pg 4.9b9bf373 (4.73) -> up ([3,1], p3) acting ([3,1], p3) [root@osd2 current]# ssh osd1 [root@osd1 ~]# cd /cephmp2/current/4.73_head/ [root@osd1 4.73_head]# ll -h total 8.0K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 112 Nov 4 18:08 hello.txt.rbd__head_9B9BF373__4 [root@osd1 4.73_head]# cat hello.txt.rbd__head_9B9BF373__4 <<< Rados Block Device Image >>> rb.0.1365.6b8b4567RBD001.005 #如果是普通的rbd塊，format-1類型的rbd塊： #ceph osd map test test.img.rbd #format-2類型的rbd塊： #ceph osd map test rbd_id.test.img
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