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小編給大家分享一下ASP.NET Core AutoWrapper自定義響應輸出的實現示例,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后都有所收獲,下面讓我們一起去探討吧!
前言
AutoWrapper是一個簡單可自定義全局異常處理程序和ASP.NET Core API響應的包裝。他使用ASP.NET Core middleware攔截傳入的HTTP請求,并將最后的結果使用統一的格式來自動包裝起來.目的主要是讓我們更多的關注業務特定的代碼要求,并讓包裝器自動處理HTTP響應。這可以在構建API時加快開發時間,同時為HTTP響應試試我們統一的標準。
安裝
AutoWrapper.Core從NuGet或通過CLI下載并安裝
PM> Install-Package AutoWrapper.Core
在Startup.cs Configure方法中注冊以下內容,但是切記要放在UseRouting前
app.UseApiResponseAndExceptionWrapper();
啟動屬性映射
默認情況下AutoWrapper將在成功請求成功時輸出以下格式:
{ "message": "Request successful.", "isError": false, "result": [ { "id": 7002, "firstName": "Vianne", "lastName": "Durano", "dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00" } ] }
如果說不喜歡默認屬性命名方式,那么我們可以通過AutoWrapperPropertyMap屬性進行映射為我們需要指定的任何名稱。例如我么可以將result屬性的名稱更改為data。如下所示
public class MapResponseObject { [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Result)] public object Data { get; set; } }
然后將MapResponseObject類傳遞給AutpWrapper middleware
app.UseApiResponseAndExceptionWrapper<MapResponseObject>();
通過映射重新請求后,現在影響格式如下所示
{ "message": "Request successful.", "isError": false, "data": { "id": 7002, "firstName": "Vianne", "lastName": "Durano", "dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00" } }
可以從中看出result屬性已經更換為data屬性了
默認情況下AutoWrapper發生異常時將吐出以下響應格式
{ "isError": true, "responseException": { "exceptionMessage": "Unhandled Exception occurred. Unable to process the request." } }
而且如果在AutoWrapperOptions中設置了IsDebug,則將產生帶有堆棧跟蹤信息的類似信息
{ "isError": true, "responseException": { "exceptionMessage": " Input string was not in a correct format.", "details": " at System.Number.ThrowOverflowOrFormatException(ParsingStatus status, TypeCode type)\r\n at System.Number.ParseInt32(ReadOnlySpan`1 value, NumberStyles styles, NumberFormatInfo info)\r\n …" } }
如果想將某些APIError屬性名稱更改為其他名稱,只需要在以下代碼中添加以下映射MapResponseObject
public class MapResponseObject { [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException)] public object Error { get; set; } [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ExceptionMessage)] public string Message { get; set; } [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_Details)] public string StackTrace { get; set; } }
通過如下代碼來模擬錯誤
int num = Convert.ToInt32("10s");
現在映射后的輸出如下所示
{ "isError": true, "error": { "message": " Input string was not in a correct format.", "stackTrace": " at System.Number.ThrowOverflowOrFormatException(ParsingStatus status, TypeCode type)\r\n at System.Number.ParseInt32(ReadOnlySpan`1 value, NumberStyles styles, NumberFormatInfo info)\r\n …" } }
請注意APIError現在根據MapResponseObject類中定義的屬性更改了模型的默認屬性。
我們可以自由的選擇映射任何屬性,下面是映射屬性相對應的列表
[AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Version)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.StatusCode)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Message)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.IsError)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.Result)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ExceptionMessage)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_Details)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ReferenceErrorCode)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ReferenceDocumentLink)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ValidationErrors)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ValidationErrors_Field)] [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException_ValidationErrors_Message)]
自定義錯誤架構
AutoWrapper還提供了一個APIException可用于定義自己的異常的對象,如果想拋出自己的異常消息,則可以簡單地執行以下操作
throw new ApiException("Error blah", 400, "511", "http://blah.com/error/511");
默認輸出格式如下所示
{ "isError": true, "responseException": { "exceptionMessage": "Error blah", "referenceErrorCode": "511", "referenceDocumentLink": "http://blah.com/error/511" } }
當然我們可以自定義錯誤格式
public class MapResponseObject { [AutoWrapperPropertyMap(Prop.ResponseException)] public object Error { get; set; } } public class Error { public string Message { get; set; } public string Code { get; set; } public InnerError InnerError { get; set; } public Error(string message, string code, InnerError inner) { this.Message = message; this.Code = code; this.InnerError = inner; } } public class InnerError { public string RequestId { get; set; } public string Date { get; set; } public InnerError(string reqId, string reqDate) { this.RequestId = reqId; this.Date = reqDate; } }
然后我們可以通過如下代碼進行引發我們錯誤
throw new ApiException( new Error("An error blah.", "InvalidRange", new InnerError("12345678", DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString()) ));
輸出格式如下所示
{ "isError": true, "error": { "message": "An error blah.", "code": "InvalidRange", "innerError": { "requestId": "12345678", "date": "10/16/2019" } } }
使用自定義API響應格式
如果映射滿足不了我們的需求。并且我們需要向API響應模型中添加其他屬性,那么我們現在可以自定義自己的格式類,通過設置UseCustomSchema為true來實現,代碼如下所示
app.UseApiResponseAndExceptionWrapper(new AutoWrapperOptions { UseCustomSchema = true });
現在假設我們想在主API中響應中包含一個屬性SentDate和Pagination對象,我們可能希望將API響應模型定義為以下格式
public class MyCustomApiResponse { public int Code { get; set; } public string Message { get; set; } public object Payload { get; set; } public DateTime SentDate { get; set; } public Pagination Pagination { get; set; } public MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime sentDate, object payload = null, string message = "", int statusCode = 200, Pagination pagination = null) { this.Code = statusCode; this.Message = message == string.Empty ? "Success" : message; this.Payload = payload; this.SentDate = sentDate; this.Pagination = pagination; } public MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime sentDate, object payload = null, Pagination pagination = null) { this.Code = 200; this.Message = "Success"; this.Payload = payload; this.SentDate = sentDate; this.Pagination = pagination; } public MyCustomApiResponse(object payload) { this.Code = 200; this.Payload = payload; } } public class Pagination { public int TotalItemsCount { get; set; } public int PageSize { get; set; } public int CurrentPage { get; set; } public int TotalPages { get; set; } }
通過如下代碼片段進行測試結果
public async Task<MyCustomApiResponse> Get() { var data = await _personManager.GetAllAsync(); return new MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime.UtcNow, data, new Pagination { CurrentPage = 1, PageSize = 10, TotalItemsCount = 200, TotalPages = 20 }); }
運行后會得到如下影響格式
{ "code": 200, "message": "Success", "payload": [ { "id": 1, "firstName": "Vianne", "lastName": "Durano", "dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00" }, { "id": 2, "firstName": "Vynn", "lastName": "Durano", "dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00" }, { "id": 3, "firstName": "Mitch", "lastName": "Durano", "dateOfBirth": "2018-11-01T00:00:00" } ], "sentDate": "2019-10-17T02:26:32.5242353Z", "pagination": { "totalItemsCount": 200, "pageSize": 10, "currentPage": 1, "totalPages": 20 } }
但是從這里要注意一旦我們對API響應進行自定義,那么就代表我們完全控制了要格式化數據的方式,同時丟失了默認API響應的某些選項配置。但是我們仍然可以利用ApiException()方法引發用戶定義的錯誤消息
如下所示
[Route("{id:long}")] [HttpPut] public async Task<MyCustomApiResponse> Put(long id, [FromBody] PersonDTO dto) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { try { var person = _mapper.Map<Person>(dto); person.ID = id; if (await _personManager.UpdateAsync(person)) return new MyCustomApiResponse(DateTime.UtcNow, true, "Update successful."); else throw new ApiException($"Record with id: {id} does not exist.", 400); } catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Log(LogLevel.Error, ex, "Error when trying to update with ID:{@ID}", id); throw; } } else throw new ApiException(ModelState.AllErrors()); }
現在當進行模型驗證時,可以獲得默認響應格式
{ "isError": true, "responseException": { "exceptionMessage": "Request responded with validation error(s). Please correct the specified validation errors and try again.", "validationErrors": [ { "field": "FirstName", "message": "'First Name' must not be empty." } ] } }
看完了這篇文章,相信你對“ASP.NET Core AutoWrapper自定義響應輸出的實現示例”有了一定的了解,如果想了解更多相關知識,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道,感謝各位的閱讀!
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