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這篇文章將為大家詳細講解有關如何在java web項目中實現一個聊天功能，文章內容質量較高，因此小編分享給大家做個參考，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后對相關知識有一定的了解。
實現思路
1.登錄頁面 login.jsp 輸入昵稱
2.編寫一個LoginSevlet，處理登錄提交的昵稱，保存登錄昵稱到session（會話變量）
若昵稱合法 if(nickname.length()!=0)，跳轉到聊天室，不合法回到登錄頁面
3.編寫聊天室頁面chatroom.jsp ，是一個框架，把多個頁面集成到一個頁面中
<iframe src="message.jsp" width="100%" height="70%"> </iframe> <iframe src="input.jsp" width="100%" height="25%"> </iframe>
4.聊天內容顯示message.jsp，不斷自動刷新標簽內設置響應頭,用${上下文變量}顯示聊天內容
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="1">
5.input.jsp（不刷新）輸入聊天內容文本框text，點擊發送聊天內容按鈕時，將把文本框的聊天信息提交給ChatServlet處理。下方有超鏈接可退出聊天室。
<a href="login.jsp" target="_top">退出聊天室</a>
6.ChatServlet：檢測聊天信息合法性，把聊天信息加入到ServletContext變量（字符串）中，（每次都將xx:xxxx加入上下文字符串）
判斷是否存在該變量，存在則直接讀取現有聊天內容，把數據加入進去后，重新寫回上下文變量
7.實現拍一拍功能（目的：學習如何進行鏈接操作）
每個人名做成一個鏈接，訪問某一個servlet，該servlet可以在聊天信息（上下文變量）里添加一行，xx拍了yyy一下，跳轉回message.jsp
問題：鏈接里應該包含yyy參數，servlet？nick=yyy
say = "<a href='NickServlet?nickname="+nickname+"'target='_parent'>"+nickname+"</a>"+":"+text;
8.多人聊天實現：多種類型瀏覽器
關鍵代碼
login.jsp
昵稱：<input type="text" name="nickname"/><br> <br><br> <input type="submit" value="登錄"/> <input type="reset" value="取消"/>
input.jsp
<form action="input.do" method="post"> <input type="text" size="50" name="text"/> <input type="submit" value="發送"><br><br><br><br> <a href="login.jsp" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" target="_top">退出聊天室</a> </form>
message.jsp
<h4>一起來聊天吧</h4>
${says}LoginServlet.java
package chatting;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet2",urlPatterns = {"/login.do"})
public class LoginServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//避免亂碼
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//nickname保存用戶昵稱
String nickname = request.getParameter("nickname");
//nickname存儲到session變量中
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("nickname",nickname);
//對nickname進行合法性判斷
if(nickname.length()!=0){
//昵稱合法，則進入聊天室頁面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/chatroom.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
else{
//昵稱不合法，返回登陸頁面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}ChatServlet.java
package chatting;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
@WebServlet(name = "ChatServlet",urlPatterns = "/input.do")
public class ChatServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//防止亂碼
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String text = request.getParameter("text");
//text存儲聊天信息，并進行合法性判斷
if (text.length()!=0) {
String say =new String();
//獲取session中的昵稱
String nickname = (String)session.getAttribute("nickname");
//將昵稱作為鏈接，并傳參
say = "<a href='NickServlet?nickname="+nickname+"'target='_parent'>"+nickname+"</a>"+":"+text;
String says = new String();
//將昵稱和聊天信息一起放在上下文變量
ServletContext context = getServletContext();
if(context.getAttribute("says")!=null){
says = context.getAttribute("says") + say + "<br>";
}
else{
says = say + "<br>";
}
context.setAttribute("says", says);
request.setAttribute("says", says);
}
//轉發
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/input.jsp");
dispatcher.forward(request, response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}NickServlet.java
package chatting;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@WebServlet(name = "NickServlet",urlPatterns = "/NickServlet")
public class NickServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//將拍一拍放到上下文變量says中 一起輸出
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//nickname存儲當前用戶昵稱
String nickname = (String)session.getAttribute("nickname");
//name存儲連接中傳遞的參數，即被拍的用戶昵稱
String name = java.net.URLDecoder.decode(request.getParameter("nickname"),"UTF-8");
String pick = nickname+"拍了拍"+name+"<br>";
ServletContext context = request.getServletContext();
String says = context.getAttribute("says")+pick;
context.setAttribute("says",says);
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/chatroom.jsp");
dispatcher.forward(request, response);
}
}關于如何在java web項目中實現一個聊天功能就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，可以學到更多知識。如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。
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