IMP同庫Type對象導入報錯ORA-02304怎么辦

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當我們使用exp/imp的時候，報錯ORA-02304實際上是沒有什么特別好的解決方法的。Type導入相同庫報錯的本質在于在導出的時候，Oracle會將type的oid連帶導出。而導入的時候，又希望將其還原為相同的oid從而引發沖突。

那么，是不是我們就沒有辦法了呢？我們借助Oracle 10g提出的數據泵（Data Dump）工具，是可以避免這個問題的。

1、環境準備

我們同樣適用Oracle 11gR2進行試驗。

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE        11.2.0.1.0         Production

在scott用戶下，我們創建一些type類型對象。

SQL> grant imp_full_database to scott;

Grant succeeded

SQL> grant exp_full_database to scott;

Grant succeeded

SQL> conn scott/tiger@wilson;

Connected to Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0

Connected as scott

SQL> create type mt_type as object (xm number, tchar varchar2(10));

  2  /

Type created

SQL> select type_name, type_oid from user_types;

TYPE_NAME                      TYPE_OID

------------------------------ --------------------------------

MT_TYPE                        C230A55B1FC34E1DE040A8C0580017C6

SQL> create table my_tabletype of mt_type;

Table created

SQL> insert into my_tabletype values (1,'df');

1 row inserted

SQL> commit;

Commit complete

之后，我們創建用戶scottback。使用數據泵expdp從scott中將數據導出。

SQL> create user scottback identified by scottback;

User created

SQL> grant resource to scottback;

Grant succeeded

SQL> grant connect to scottback;

Grant succeeded

SQL> grant exp_full_database to scottback;

Grant succeeded

SQL> grant imp_full_database to scottback;

Grant succeeded

2、expdp數據導出

數據泵DataDump作為10g中推出的新一代數據備份還原工具，具有很多好的特點。DataDump是服務器端使用工具，需要在服務器上執行。

首先，我們需要創建directory對象，對應服務器上的一個目錄位置。

[root@oracle11g /]# pwd

/

[root@oracle11g /]# mkdir export

[root@oracle11g /]# ls -l | grep export

drwxr-xr-x    2 root   root      4096 Jun 11 19:29 export

[root@oracle11g /]# chown oracle:oinstall export

[root@oracle11g /]# ls -l | grep export

drwxr-xr-x   2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jun 11 19:39 export

創建directory對象，并且將read write權限授予給scott和scottback。

SQL> create or replace directory MY_DIR

  2    as '/export';

Directory created

SQL> grant write, read on directory my_dir to scott;

Grant succeeded

SQL> grant write, read on directory my_dir to scottback;

Grant succeeded’

再使用expdp命令行進行導出。

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ cd /export/

[oracle@oracle11g export]$ pwd

/export

[oracle@oracle11g export]$ expdp scott/tiger@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resexp.log schemas=scott

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 11 19:35:08 2012

[oracle@oracle11g export]$ expdp scott/tiger@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resexp.log schemas=scott

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 11 19:35:08 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  scott/********@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resexp.log schemas=scott

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

（篇幅原因，部分省略…..）

. . exported "SCOTT"."T"                                     0 KB       0 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."T1"                                    0 KB       0 rows

. . exported "SCOTT"."T2"                                    0 KB       0 rows

Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

  /export/scott.dmp

Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 19:36:00

[oracle@oracle11g export]$ ls -l

total 420

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall   2467 Jun 11 19:36 resexp.log

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 421888 Jun 11 19:36 scott.dmp

3、impdp導入數據

在默認的impdp方式下，type也是不能導入到相同的數據庫中去的。

[oracle@oracle11g export]$ impdp scottback/scottback@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resimp.log remap_schema=scott:scottback

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 11 19:37:37 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "SCOTTBACK"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "SCOTTBACK"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  scottback/********@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resimp.log remap_schema=scott:scottback

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

ORA-31684: Object type USER:"SCOTTBACK" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC

ORA-39083: Object type TYPE failed to create with error:

ORA-02304: invalid object identifier literal

Failing sql is:

CREATE TYPE "SCOTTBACK"."MT_TYPE"   OID 'C230A55B1FC34E1DE040A8C0580017C6' as object (xm number, tchar varchar2(10));

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

ORA-39117: Type needed to create table is not included in this operation. Failing sql is:

CREATE TABLE "SCOTTBACK"."MY_TABLETYPE" OF "SCOTTBACK"."MT_TYPE"  OID 'C230B8AA21E527C9E040A8C058001816' OIDINDEX  ( PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT) TABLESPACE "SYSTEM" ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."BASELINE_TEST"                 22.90 KB       1 rows

（篇幅原因，省略部分 …..）

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Job "SCOTTBACK"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 4 error(s) at 19:37:47

注意，在默認情況下，我們導入數據依然會遇到oid的問題。顯示的依然是type創建SQL中包括有oid信息，引起oid沖突。進而是連帶的數據表my_tabletype不能創建。

有一個片段可以關注：

CREATE TYPE "SCOTTBACK"."MT_TYPE"   OID 'C230A55B1FC34E1DE040A8C0580017C6' as object (xm number, tchar varchar2(10));

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

ORA-39117: Type needed to create table is not included in this operation. Failing sql is:

CREATE TABLE "SCOTTBACK"."MY_TABLETYPE" OF "SCOTTBACK"."MT_TYPE"  OID 'C230B8AA21E527C9E040A8C058001816' OIDINDEX  ( PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS

關聯oid相同，說明type的oid在Oracle內部是作為關聯的重要信息使用的。

在impdp中，我們可以使用transform參數設置，要求將原有dmp文件中oid映射重新生成。

[oracle@oracle11g export]$ impdp scottback/scottback@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resimp2.log remap_schema=scott:scottback transform=oid:n

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 11 19:39:07 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "SCOTTBACK"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "SCOTTBACK"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01":  scottback/********@wilson directory=my_dir dumpfile=scott.dmp logfile=resimp2.log remap_schema=scott:scottback transform=oid:n

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

ORA-31684: Object type USER:"SCOTTBACK" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."BASELINE_TEST"                 22.90 KB       1 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."DEPT"                          5.937 KB       4 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."EMP"                           8.992 KB      14 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."MY_TABLETYPE"                  6.507 KB       1 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."SALES_QUAL"                    6.007 KB       6 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."SALGRADE"                      5.867 KB       5 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."BONUS"                             0 KB       0 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."T"                                 0 KB       0 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."T1"                                0 KB       0 rows

. . imported "SCOTTBACK"."T2"                                0 KB       0 rows

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW

ORA-31684: Object type VIEW:"SCOTTBACK"."V_T1" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Job "SCOTTBACK"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 2 error(s) at 19:39:20

其中，transform取值oid:n的含義就是對oid信息不進行加載，重新進行生成。數據表取值正確。

SQL> conn scottback/scottback@wilson;

Connected to Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0

Connected as scottback

SQL> select * from my_tabletype;

        XM TCHAR

---------- ----------

         1 df

4、結論

隨著Oracle功能不斷完善，很多新特性在exp/imp工具上已經不能支持。Oracle 10g下推出的Data Dump有很多功能，是我們可以進行借鑒使用的。

關于IMP同庫Type對象導入報錯ORA-02304怎么辦就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，可以學到更多知識。如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。