Oracle18C RPM安裝介紹

年底了一直很忙，今天忙中偷閑安裝了一下Oracle18C的RPM包安裝方法。總的感覺還是比較方便的，大大的簡化了oracle 的安裝，讓非專業的DBA也有了比較好的安裝體驗。下面就帶來我安裝過程中的一些步驟分享：

1. 環境介紹：
   OS： Redhat 7.5 ， Mem 4G， CPU 4C，DISK 200G

   Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.5 (Maipo)

2. 下載rpm安裝包：
   oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
   oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3. 安裝步驟
   3.1 配置yum
   #cd /etc/yum.repos.d
   [rhel7.5]
   name=my_repo
   baseurl=file:///mnt
   gpgcheck=0

   3.2 安裝依賴包：
   yum -y install xorg-x11-xauth xorg-x11-utils libstdc++-devel libaio-devel ksh  compat-libcap
   注意：在redhat7.5中，compat-libstdc++-33這個包是沒有，請自行下載，并手動安裝。
   
   3.3 安裝數據庫

   1）yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   安裝提示的信息比較多，此處省略。。。。。

   2）rpm -ivh oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

   warning: oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY
   Preparing... ################################# [100%]
   Updating / installing...
   1:oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1 ################################# [100%]
   [INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
   [INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
   To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure

   3.4 配置數據庫
   在root下執行：

   etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure

   3.5 安裝完成后檢查

   該步驟執行的時間較長，需要耐心的等待。。。。
   Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.
   Prepare for db operation
   8% complete
   Copying database files
   31% complete
   Creating and starting Oracle instance
   32% complete
   36% complete
   40% complete
   43% complete
   46% complete
   Completing Database Creation
   51% complete
   54% complete
   Creating Pluggable Databases
   58% complete
   77% complete
   Executing Post Configuration Actions
   100% complete
   Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
   /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
   Database Information:
   Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
   System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
   Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.

Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.

3.5 安裝檢查
1）Oracle配置環境變量：
[oracle@rhel75-dev-31-81 ~]$ vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_VERSION=18c
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

2）檢查監聽
lsnrctl status

Service "7f7a654558113bdde055025056a8c790" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLCDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLCDBXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclpdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCLCDB", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

3)登錄數據庫
sqlplus / as sysdba
[oracle@rhel75-dev-31-81 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Jan 15 14:50:55 2019
Version 18.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 18.3.0.0.0

4. 安裝后的思考
   1) oracle 18C大大的簡化了安裝的工作量。對于部署和實施來說比較方便了。
   2) 網絡配置自動完成。網絡部分系統會自動配置生產listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件。
   3) 初始化即為容器數據庫。

當然還有很多的新的特性，后續的文章會向大家一一闡述，時間有限難免有出錯的地方，如有問題請大家及時指正。歡迎討論。