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教你搭建一個Spring-Boot框架?針對這個問題,這篇文章詳細介紹了相對應的分析和解答,希望可以幫助更多想解決這個問題的小伙伴找到更簡單易行的方法。
一、簡介
SpringMVC是非常偉大的框架,開源,發展迅速。優秀的設計必然會劃分、解耦。所以,spring有很多子項目,比如core、context、bean、mvc等。這對知根底的人來說很簡單明了,然而springmvc就是為了傻瓜式的操作而發明的。對于初學springmvc的人來說,想要入手就開發需要拷貝一連串的dependency而不知道這個是干嘛,不知道是不是少了依賴。像我剛接觸springmvc的時候到處百度教程而發現各有不同,于是復制了一個又一個代碼卻不能自己設置,根本原因是不了解各個依賴的包。
Spring-Boot 正是為了解決繁復的代碼配置而產生的。Spring-Boot 也是基于java-base 開發的代碼,及不用xml文件配置,所有代碼都由java來完成。還可以加入Groovy的動態語言執行。
二、搭建一個基本的web-mvc 項目
2.1 Configure environment
2.2 Start
在idea中,選擇new-》maven創建一個空的maven項目,比如名字springboot-test。
2.2.1pom.xml
設定java版本:
<properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties>
添加依賴版本管理dependencyManagement
<dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <!-- Import dependency management from Spring Boot --> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>
添加spring-web項目依賴
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies>
添加build-plugin
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
如此,一個簡單的restful的webservice的項目就搭建好了。如果想要支持視圖渲染,即jsp、freeMark、velocity等,添加對應的依賴即可。比如,我使用Thymeleaf模板:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency>
2.2.2 創建java代碼
如果新建項目的名字是:springboot-test. 則創建包springboot-test/src/main/java/com/test.
com +- example +- myproject +- Application.java | +- domain | +- Customer.java | +- CustomerRepository.java | +- service | +- CustomerService.java | +- web +- CustomerController.java
com.test是我們的基本包名。下面創建配置類com.test.AppConfig。
package com.test;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19. */ @SpringBootApplication public class AppConfig { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(AppConfig.class); } }
@SpringBootApplication 標注啟動配置入口,可以發現通過一個main方法啟動。使用這個注解的類必須放置于最外層包中,因為默認掃描這個類以下的包。否則需要自己配置@ComponentScan。
這樣,配置基本完成了。下面開發控制層controller:
創建com.test.controller.HelloController。
package com.test.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; /** * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19. */ @Controller public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(Model model){ model.addAttribute("name","Ryan"); return "index"; } @RequestMapping("/json") @ResponseBody public Map<String,Object> json(){ Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>(); map.put("name","Ryan"); map.put("age","18"); map.put("sex","man"); return map; } }
創建視圖代碼:
視圖默認放在springboot-test\src\main\resources\templates**.
所以創建springboot-test\src\main\resources\templates\index.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <p th:text="'Hello, ' + ${name} + '!'" /> </body> </html>
D:\workspace\springboot\springboot-test\src\main\webapp\hello.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> hello, This is static page. not resolve by server, just the html. </body> </html>
2.2.3 run
啟動方式多種,可以啟動main方法,也可以通過命令行啟動:
D:\temp\springboot-test>mvn spring-boot:run [INFO] Scanning for projects... [WARNING] [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.test:springboot-test:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT [WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 49, column 21 [WARNING] [WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build. [WARNING] [WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects. [WARNING] [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building springboot-test 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-test >>> [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-test --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 2 resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-test --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-test --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\temp\springboot-test\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-test --- [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-test <<< [INFO] [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-test --- [INFO] Attaching agents: [] . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.5.RELEASE)
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