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今天就跟大家聊聊有關spring boot 中的hibernate怎么使用ehcache 2.x實現二級緩存，可能很多人都不太了解，為了讓大家更加了解，小編給大家總結了以下內容，希望大家根據這篇文章可以有所收獲。
項目依賴
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId> <version>2.10.3</version> </dependency>
Ehcache簡介
ehcache是一個純Java的緩存框架，既可以當做一個通用緩存使用，也可以作為將其作為hibernate的二級緩存使用。緩存數據可選擇如下三種存儲方案
hibernate二級緩存配置
hibernate的二級緩存支持entity和query層面的緩存，org.hibernate.cache.spi.RegionFactory各類可插拔的緩存提供商與hibernate的集成。
# 打開hibernate統計信息 spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.generate_statistics=true # 打開二級緩存 spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true # 打開查詢緩存 spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.use_query_cache=true # 指定緩存provider spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.region.factory_class=org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.SingletonEhCacheRegionFactory # 配置shared-cache-mode spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.sharedCache.mode=ENABLE_SELECTIVE
關于hibernate緩存相關的所有配置可參考hibernate5.0官方文檔#緩存
ehcache配置文件
ehcache 2.x配置文件樣板參考官方網站提供的ehcache.xml。本例中使用的配置文件如下所示
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd"
updateCheck="true" monitoring="autodetect"
dynamicConfig="true">
<diskStore path="user.dir/cache"/>
<transactionManagerLookup class="net.sf.ehcache.transaction.manager.DefaultTransactionManagerLookup"
properties="jndiName=java:/TransactionManager" propertySeparator=";"/>
<cacheManagerEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheManagerEventListenerFactory" properties=""/>
<defaultCache
maxEntriesLocalHeap="0"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="1200"
timeToLiveSeconds="1200">
<!--<terracotta/>-->
</defaultCache>
<cache name="entityCache"
maxEntriesLocalHeap="1000"
maxEntriesLocalDisk="10000"
eternal="false"
diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="20"
timeToIdleSeconds="10"
timeToLiveSeconds="20"
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU"
transactionalMode="off">
<persistence strategy="localTempSwap"/>
<cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
</cache>
<cache name="org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache"
maxEntriesLocalHeap="5" eternal="false" timeToLiveSeconds="120">
<persistence strategy="localTempSwap" />
<cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
</cache>
<cache name="org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache"
maxEntriesLocalHeap="5000" eternal="true">
<persistence strategy="localTempSwap" />
<cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
</cache>
</ehcache>ehcache事件監聽
在ehcache中，有兩大類事件，一是cacheManager相關的事件，如cache的init/added等；二是cahche相關的事件，如cache put/expire等。在ehcache中，默認沒有這兩類事件的監聽器，需要自主實現監聽器以及監聽器工廠類，然后配置到ehcache.xml中，方可生效。
上述ehcache.xml配置中，給自定義cache都配置了cacheEventListenerFactory，用于監聽緩存事件。同時也配置了cacheManager Factory實現類。具體實現代碼如下
CacheManagerEventListener簡單實現
package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import net.sf.ehcache.Status;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* ehcache customer cacheManagerEventListener
* Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
*/
public class CustomerCacheManagerEventListener implements CacheManagerEventListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
private final CacheManager cacheManager;
public CustomerCacheManagerEventListener(CacheManager cacheManager) {
this.cacheManager = cacheManager;
}
@Override
public void init() throws CacheException {
logger.info("init ehcache...");
}
@Override
public Status getStatus() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void dispose() throws CacheException {
logger.info("ehcache dispose...");
}
@Override
public void notifyCacheAdded(String s) {
logger.info("cacheAdded... {}", s);
logger.info(cacheManager.getCache(s).toString());
}
@Override
public void notifyCacheRemoved(String s) {
}
}CacheManagerEventListenerFactory的簡單實現
package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListener;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListenerFactory;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
*/
public class CustomerCacheManagerEventListenerFactory extends CacheManagerEventListenerFactory {
@Override
public CacheManagerEventListener createCacheManagerEventListener(CacheManager cacheManager, Properties properties) {
return new CustomerCacheManagerEventListener(cacheManager);
}
}CacheEventListener的簡單實現
package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;
import net.sf.ehcache.Ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.Element;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
*/
public class CustomerCacheEventListener implements CacheEventListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Override
public void notifyElementRemoved(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
logger.info("cache removed. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
}
@Override
public void notifyElementPut(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
logger.info("cache put. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
}
@Override
public void notifyElementUpdated(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
logger.info("cache updated. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
}
@Override
public void notifyElementExpired(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) {
logger.info("cache expired. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
}
@Override
public void notifyElementEvicted(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) {
logger.info("cache evicted. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
}
@Override
public void notifyRemoveAll(Ehcache ehcache) {
logger.info("all elements removed. cache name = {}", ehcache.getName());
}
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
throw new CloneNotSupportedException();
}
@Override
public void dispose() {
logger.info("cache dispose.");
}
}CacheEventListenerFactory的簡單實現
package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListenerFactory;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
*/
public class CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory extends CacheEventListenerFactory {
@Override
public CacheEventListener createCacheEventListener(Properties properties) {
return new CustomerCacheEventListener();
}
}完成上述事件監聽器的實現和配置后，我們可以啟動應用，查看下相應事件監聽器中輸出的log，以驗證是否生效
2017-01-07 10:27:07.810 INFO 4264 --- [ main] com.yangyi.Application : Starting Application on yangjinfeng-pc with PID 4264 (E:\JavaWorkSpace\spring-boot-ehcache3-hibernate5-jcache\target\classes started by yangjinfeng in E:\JavaWorkSpace\spring-boot-ehcache3-hibernate5-jcache) 2017-01-07 10:27:07.810 INFO 4264 --- [ main] com.yangyi.Application : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 2017-01-07 10:27:07.865 INFO 4264 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2ef3eef9: startup date [Sat Jan 07 10:27:07 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy 2017-01-07 10:27:09.155 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6eb4eae9] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.191 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.cache.annotation.ProxyCachingConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.cache.annotation.ProxyCachingConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$b7c72107] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.206 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$ac3ae5ab] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.285 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'spring.cache-org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.291 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheManagerCustomizers' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheManagerCustomizers] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.293 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$46d9b2a9] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.418 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : init ehcache... 2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache 2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = true overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 5000 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 0 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LRU timeToLiveSeconds = 0 timeToIdleSeconds = 0 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ] 2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache 2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = false overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 5 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 0 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LRU timeToLiveSeconds = 120 timeToIdleSeconds = 0 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ] 2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... entityCache 2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [ main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = entityCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = false overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 1000 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 10000 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LFU timeToLiveSeconds = 20 timeToIdleSeconds = 10 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ] 2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'ehCacheCacheManager' of type [class net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'cacheManager' of type [class org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [ main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'cacheAutoConfigurationValidator' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration$CacheManagerValidator] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.829 INFO 4264 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http) 2017-01-07 10:27:09.839 INFO 4264 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat 2017-01-07 10:27:09.839 INFO 4264 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.6 2017-01-07 10:27:09.924 INFO 4264 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext 2017-01-07 10:27:09.924 INFO 4264 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2061 ms 2017-01-07 10:32:41.876 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.User#1, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@1c13194d 2017-01-07 10:32:41.877 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#1, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@2accc177 2017-01-07 10:32:41.878 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#2, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@2b3b9c7e 2017-01-07 10:32:41.879 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#3, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@4c31e58c
注解方式使用二級緩存
要使用entity cache，需要在entity上配上相應的注解方可生效。javax.persistence.Cacheable注解標記該entity使用二級緩存，org.hibernate.annotations.Cache注解指定緩存策略，以及存放到哪個緩存區域。
有關緩存策略詳細信息可參考hibernate5.0官方文檔#緩存
package com.yangyi.entity;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
import javax.persistence.Cacheable;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
@Cacheable
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE, region = "entityCache")
public class User implements Serializable {
}最后，我們需要在spring boot應用層面打開cache功能，使用org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching注解
package com.yangyi;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}看完上述內容，你們對spring boot 中的hibernate怎么使用ehcache 2.x實現二級緩存有進一步的了解嗎？如果還想了解更多知識或者相關內容，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道，感謝大家的支持。
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