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Android客戶端中怎么實現RSA加密功能,很多新手對此不是很清楚,為了幫助大家解決這個難題,下面小編將為大家詳細講解,有這方面需求的人可以來學習下,希望你能有所收獲。
Android 客戶端RSA加密的實現方法
針對java后端進行的RSA加密,android客戶端進行解密,結果是部分亂碼的問題:
注意兩點,編碼問題和客戶端使用的算法問題
即:都使用UTF-8編碼,Base64使用一致,另外,使用下面的代碼在后端和移動端解密只有一點不同:
移動端使用
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
后端使用
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
其他地方都不需要改動
package rsa; import android.util.Base64; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; //import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64; /** *//** * <p> * BASE64編碼解碼工具包 * </p> * @author IceWee * @date 2012-5-19 * @version 1.0 */ public class Base64Utils { /** *//** * 文件讀取緩沖區大小 */ private static final int CACHE_SIZE = 1024; /** *//** * <p> * BASE64字符串解碼為二進制數據 * </p> * * @param base64 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] decode(String base64) throws Exception { return Base64.decode(base64.getBytes(), Base64.DEFAULT); } /** *//** * <p> * 二進制數據編碼為BASE64字符串 * </p> * * @param bytes * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String encode(byte[] bytes) throws Exception { return new String(Base64.encode(bytes, Base64.DEFAULT)); } /** * * @param str * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String encode(String str) throws Exception { byte[] bytes = str.getBytes("utf-8"); return encode(bytes); } /** *//** * <p> * 將文件編碼為BASE64字符串 * </p> * <p> * 大文件慎用,可能會導致內存溢出 * </p> * * @param filePath 文件絕對路徑 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String encodeFile(String filePath) throws Exception { byte[] bytes = fileToByte(filePath); return encode(bytes); } /** *//** * <p> * BASE64字符串轉回文件 * </p> * * @param filePath 文件絕對路徑 * @param base64 編碼字符串 * @throws Exception */ public static void decodeToFile(String filePath, String base64) throws Exception { byte[] bytes = decode(base64); byteArrayToFile(bytes, filePath); } /** *//** * <p> * 文件轉換為二進制數組 * </p> * * @param filePath 文件路徑 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] fileToByte(String filePath) throws Exception { byte[] data = new byte[0]; File file = new File(filePath); if (file.exists()) { FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file); ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(2048); byte[] cache = new byte[CACHE_SIZE]; int nRead = 0; while ((nRead = in.read(cache)) != -1) { out.write(cache, 0, nRead); out.flush(); } out.close(); in.close(); data = out.toByteArray(); } return data; } /** *//** * <p> * 二進制數據寫文件 * </p> * * @param bytes 二進制數據 * @param filePath 文件生成目錄 */ public static void byteArrayToFile(byte[] bytes, String filePath) throws Exception { InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes); File destFile = new File(filePath); if (!destFile.getParentFile().exists()) { destFile.getParentFile().mkdirs(); } destFile.createNewFile(); OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(destFile); byte[] cache = new byte[CACHE_SIZE]; int nRead = 0; while ((nRead = in.read(cache)) != -1) { out.write(cache, 0, nRead); out.flush(); } out.close(); in.close(); } }
package rsa; import android.util.Base64; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.security.Key; import java.security.KeyFactory; import java.security.KeyPair; import java.security.KeyPairGenerator; import java.security.PrivateKey; import java.security.PublicKey; import java.security.Signature; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey; import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey; import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec; import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.crypto.Cipher; /** * <p> * RSA公鑰/私鑰/簽名工具包 * </p> * <p> * 羅納德·李維斯特(Ron [R]ivest)、阿迪·薩莫爾(Adi [S]hamir)和倫納德·阿德曼(Leonard [A]dleman) * </p> * <p> * 字符串格式的密鑰在未在特殊說明情況下都為BASE64編碼格式<br/> * 由于非對稱加密速度極其緩慢,一般文件不使用它來加密而是使用對稱加密,<br/> * 非對稱加密算法可以用來對對稱加密的密鑰加密,這樣保證密鑰的安全也就保證了數據的安全 * </p> * * @author IceWee * @date 2012-4-26 * @version 1.0 */ public class RSAUtils { /** * 加密算法RSA */ public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA"; /** * 簽名算法 */ public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA"; /** * 獲取公鑰的key */ private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey"; /** * 獲取私鑰的key */ private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey"; /** * RSA最大加密明文大小 */ private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117; /** * RSA最大解密密文大小 */ private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128; /** * <p> * 生成密鑰對(公鑰和私鑰) * </p> * * @return * @throws Exception */ public static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception { KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); keyPairGen.initialize(1024); KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair(); RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2); keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey); keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey); return keyMap; } /** * <p> * 用私鑰對信息生成數字簽名 * </p> * * @param data 已加密數據 * @param privateKey 私鑰(BASE64編碼) * * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception { byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(privateKey,0); PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM); signature.initSign(privateK); signature.update(data); return Base64.encodeToString(signature.sign(), 0); } /** * <p> * 校驗數字簽名 * </p> * * @param data 已加密數據 * @param publicKey 公鑰(BASE64編碼) * @param sign 數字簽名 * * @return * @throws Exception * */ public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign) throws Exception { byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(publicKey,0); X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec); Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM); signature.initVerify(publicK); signature.update(data); return signature.verify(Base64.decode(sign,0)); } /** * <P> * 私鑰解密 * </p> * * @param encryptedData 已加密數據 * @param privateKey 私鑰(BASE64編碼) * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey) throws Exception { byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(privateKey, 0); PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK); int inputLen = encryptedData.length; ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); int offSet = 0; byte[] cache; int i = 0; // 對數據分段解密 while (inputLen - offSet > 0) { if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) { cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK); } else { cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet); } out.write(cache, 0, cache.length); i++; offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK; } byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray(); out.close(); return decryptedData; } /** * <p> * 公鑰解密 * </p> * * @param encryptedData 已加密數據 * @param publicKey 公鑰(BASE64編碼) * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] encryptedData, String publicKey) throws Exception { byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(publicKey,0); X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicK); int inputLen = encryptedData.length; ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); int offSet = 0; byte[] cache; int i = 0; // 對數據分段解密 while (inputLen - offSet > 0) { if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) { cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK); } else { cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet); } out.write(cache, 0, cache.length); i++; offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK; } byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray(); out.close(); return decryptedData; } /** * <p> * 公鑰加密 * </p> * * @param data 源數據 * @param publicKey 公鑰(BASE64編碼) * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey) throws Exception { byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(publicKey,0); X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec); // 對數據加密 Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK); int inputLen = data.length; ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); int offSet = 0; byte[] cache; int i = 0; // 對數據分段加密 while (inputLen - offSet > 0) { if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) { cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK); } else { cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet); } out.write(cache, 0, cache.length); i++; offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK; } byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray(); out.close(); return encryptedData; } /** * <p> * 私鑰加密 * </p> * * @param data 源數據 * @param privateKey 私鑰(BASE64編碼) * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception { byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(privateKey,0); PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM); Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm()); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateK); int inputLen = data.length; ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); int offSet = 0; byte[] cache; int i = 0; // 對數據分段加密 while (inputLen - offSet > 0) { if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) { cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK); } else { cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet); } out.write(cache, 0, cache.length); i++; offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK; } byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray(); out.close(); return encryptedData; } /** * <p> * 獲取私鑰 * </p> * * @param keyMap 密鑰對 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception { Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY); return Base64.encodeToString(key.getEncoded(),0); } /** * <p> * 獲取公鑰 * </p> * * @param keyMap 密鑰對 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception { Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY); return Base64.encodeToString(key.getEncoded(), 0); } }
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