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小編這次要給大家分享的是詳解SpringMVC下如何實現Excel文件上傳下載，文章內容豐富，感興趣的小伙伴可以來了解一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章之后能夠有所收獲。
在實際應用中，經常會遇到上傳Excel或者下載Excel的情況，比如導入數據、下載統計數據等等場景。針對這個問題，我寫了個基于SpringMVC的簡單上傳下載示例，其中Excel的處理使用Apache的POI組件。
主要依賴的包如下：
<dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.10.1</version> </dependency>
相關處理類：
（一）Controller類
package com.research.spring.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.research.spring.model.UserInfo;
import com.research.spring.view.ExcelView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {
/**
* Excel文件上傳處理
* @param file
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public ModelAndView uploadExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file){
List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
//這里只處理文件名包括“用戶”的文件，模板使用下載模板
if( file.getOriginalFilename().contains("用戶") ){
try {
Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream());
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
for( int i = 1; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++ ){
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
UserInfo info = new UserInfo();
info.setUserName(row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue());
info.setPassword(row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue());
list.add(info);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("content");
mav.addObject("content",list.toString());
return mav;
}
/**
* Excel文件下載處理
*/
@RequestMapping("/download")
public ModelAndView downloanExcel(){
List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
userInfo.setPassword("0000");
userInfo.setUserName("sdfas");
list.add(userInfo);
list.add(userInfo);
list.add(userInfo);
list.add(userInfo);
Map<String,List<UserInfo>> map = new HashMap<String, List<UserInfo>>();
map.put("infoList", list);
ExcelView ve = new ExcelView();
return new ModelAndView(ve,map);
}
}
（二）實體類
package com.research.spring.model;
public class UserInfo {
private String userName;
private String password;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo [userName=" + userName + ", password=" + password
+ "]";
}
}
（三）View類
這個類在下載時用到，在Spring渲染頁面時使用自定義的View類進行Excel的相關處理。
package com.research.spring.view;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractExcelView;
import com.research.spring.model.UserInfo;
/**
* 下載Excel視圖
*
* @author wdmcygah
*
*/
public class ExcelView extends AbstractExcelView {
@Override
protected void buildExcelDocument(Map<String, Object> model,
HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<UserInfo> list = (List<UserInfo>) model.get("infoList");
if (list != null && list.size() != 0) {
int len = list.size();
Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
// 第一行文字說明
Row row = sheet.createRow(0);
Cell cell = row.createCell(0, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue("用戶名");
cell = row.createCell(1, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue("密碼");
//下面是具體內容
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);
cell = row.createCell(0, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(list.get(i).getUserName());
cell = row.createCell(1, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(list.get(i).getPassword());
}
}
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//這里對文件名進行編碼，保證下載時漢字顯示正常
String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("用戶.xls", "utf-8");
//Content-disposition屬性設置成以附件方式進行下載
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="
+ fileName);
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
workbook.write(os);
os.flush();
os.close();
}
}
（四）主要配置文件
上傳文件時需要在配置文件中配置MultipartResolver類，配置后Spring會自動將文件傳成MultipartFile對象，然后就可以進行相應的處理。示例看Controller類。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.research" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 上傳文件解析器配置 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property> <!-- 上傳文件的大小限制 ，單位是字節--> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880000000"></property> <!-- 上傳文件的臨時路徑，上傳完成后會自動刪除 --> <property name="uploadTempDir" value="upload/temp"></property> </bean> </beans>
（五）測試頁面
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head> <body> <h4>測試下載Excel功能</h4> <form action="file/download.htm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input type="submit" value="下載Excel"></input> </form> <h4>測試上傳Excel功能</h4> <form action="file/upload.htm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input type="file" name="file"></input> <input type="submit" value="上傳Excel"></input> </form> </body> </html>
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