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這篇文章主要為大家展示了“SpringSecurity如何實現默認表單登錄頁展示”,內容簡而易懂,條理清晰,希望能夠幫助大家解決疑惑,下面讓小編帶領大家一起研究并學習一下“SpringSecurity如何實現默認表單登錄頁展示”這篇文章吧。
SpringSecurity 默認表單登錄頁展示流程源碼
講解 SpringSecurity提供的默認表單登錄頁 它是如何展示的的流程,
涉及
1.FilterSecurityInterceptor,
2.ExceptionTranslationFilc,xmccmc,ter ,
3.DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter 過濾器,
并且簡單介紹了 AccessDecisionManager 投票機制
??1.1 創建SpringSecurity項目
??先通過IDEA 創建一個SpringBoot項目 并且依賴SpringSecurity,Web依賴
??此時pom.xml會自動添加
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency>
??1.2 提供一個接口
@RestController public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public String hello() { return "Hello SpringSecurity"; } }
,
??1.3 啟動項目
??直接訪問 提供的接口
http://localhost:8080/hello
??會發現瀏覽器被直接重定向到了 /login 并且顯示如下默認的表單登錄頁
http://localhost:8080/login
??1.4 登錄
??在啟動項目的時候 控制臺會打印一個 seuciryt password : xxx
Using generated security password: f520875f-ea2b-4b5d-9b0c-f30c0c17b90b
??直接登錄
用戶名:user 密碼 :f520875f-ea2b-4b5d-9b0c-f30c0c17b90b
??登錄成功并且 瀏覽器又會重定向到 剛剛訪問的接口
?2.springSecurityFilterchain 過濾器鏈
?如果你看過我另一篇關于SpringSecurity初始化源碼的博客,那么你一定知道當SpringSecurity項目啟動完成后會初始化一個 springSecurityFilterchain 它內部 additionalFilters屬性初始化了很多Filter 如下
所有的請求都會經過這一系列的過濾器 Spring Security就是通過這些過濾器 來進行認證授權等
?3.FilterSecurityInterceptor (它會判斷這次請求能否通過)
?FilterSecurityInterceptor是過濾器鏈中最后一個過濾器,主要用于判斷請求能否通過,內部通過AccessDecisionManager 進行投票判斷
?當我們未登錄訪問
http://localhost:8080/hello
?請求會被 FilterSecurityInterceptor 攔截
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain); invoke(fi); }
?重點看invoke方法
public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException { if ((fi.getRequest() != null) && (fi.getRequest().getAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED) != null) && observeOncePerRequest) { // filter already applied to this request and user wants us to observe // once-per-request handling, so don't re-do security checking fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse()); } else { // first time this request being called, so perform security checking if (fi.getRequest() != null && observeOncePerRequest) { fi.getRequest().setAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED, Boolean.TRUE); } InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi); try { fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse()); } finally { super.finallyInvocation(token); } super.afterInvocation(token, null); } }
?源碼中有這樣一句,其實就是判斷當前用戶是否能夠訪問指定的接口,可以則執行 fi.getChain().doFilter 調用訪問的接口
否則 內部會拋出異常
InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
?beforeInvocation 方法內部是通過 accessDecisionManager 去做決定的
?Spring Security已經內置了幾個基于投票的AccessDecisionManager包括(AffirmativeBased ,ConsensusBased ,UnanimousBased)當然如果需要你也可以實現自己的AccessDecisionManager
?使用這種方式,一系列的AccessDecisionVoter將會被AccessDecisionManager用來對Authentication是否有權訪問受保護對象進行投票,然后再根據投票結果來決定是否要拋出AccessDeniedException
this.accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes);
?AffirmativeBased的 decide的實現如下
public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException { int deny = 0; Iterator var5 = this.getDecisionVoters().iterator(); while(var5.hasNext()) { AccessDecisionVoter voter = (AccessDecisionVoter)var5.next(); int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, configAttributes); if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) { this.logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result); } switch(result) { case -1: ++deny; break; case 1: return; } } if (deny > 0) { throw new AccessDeniedException(this.messages.getMessage("AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied")); } else { this.checkAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions(); } }
?AffirmativeBased的邏輯是這樣的:
(1)只要有AccessDecisionVoter的投票為ACCESS_GRANTED則同意用戶進行訪問;
(2)如果全部棄權也表示通過;
(3)如果沒有一個人投贊成票,但是有人投反對票,則將拋出AccessDeniedException。
?當我們第一次訪問的時候
http://localhost:8080/hello的時候
?返回 result = -1 會拋出 AccessDeniedException 拒絕訪問異常
?4.ExceptionTranslationFilter (捕獲AccessDeniedException異常)
?該過濾器它會接收到FilterSecurityInterceptor拋出的 AccessDeniedException異常)并且進行捕獲,然后發送重定向到/login請求
?源碼如下:
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res; try { chain.doFilter(request, response); logger.debug("Chain processed normally"); } catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; } catch (Exception ex) { // Try to extract a SpringSecurityException from the stacktrace Throwable[] causeChain = throwableAnalyzer.determineCauseChain(ex); RuntimeException ase = (AuthenticationException) throwableAnalyzer .getFirstThrowableOfType(AuthenticationException.class, causeChain); if (ase == null) { ase = (AccessDeniedException) throwableAnalyzer.getFirstThrowableOfType( AccessDeniedException.class, causeChain); } if (ase != null) { if (response.isCommitted()) { throw new ServletException("Unable to handle the Spring Security Exception because the response is already committed.", ex); } handleSpringSecurityException(request, response, chain, ase); } else { // Rethrow ServletExceptions and RuntimeExceptions as-is if (ex instanceof ServletException) { throw (ServletException) ex; } else if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) { throw (RuntimeException) ex; } // Wrap other Exceptions. This shouldn't actually happen // as we've already covered all the possibilities for doFilter throw new RuntimeException(ex); } } }
?當獲取異常后 調用
handleSpringSecurityException(request, response, chain, ase);
?handleSpringSecurityException 源碼如下:
private void handleSpringSecurityException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, RuntimeException exception) throws IOException, ServletException { if (exception instanceof AuthenticationException) { logger.debug( "Authentication exception occurred; redirecting to authentication entry point", exception); sendStartAuthentication(request, response, chain, (AuthenticationException) exception); } else if (exception instanceof AccessDeniedException) { Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication(); if (authenticationTrustResolver.isAnonymous(authentication) || authenticationTrustResolver.isRememberMe(authentication)) { logger.debug( "Access is denied (user is " + (authenticationTrustResolver.isAnonymous(authentication) ? "anonymous" : "not fully authenticated") + "); redirecting to authentication entry point", exception); sendStartAuthentication( request, response, chain, new InsufficientAuthenticationException( messages.getMessage( "ExceptionTranslationFilter.insufficientAuthentication", "Full authentication is required to access this resource"))); } else { logger.debug( "Access is denied (user is not anonymous); delegating to AccessDeniedHandler", exception); accessDeniedHandler.handle(request, response, (AccessDeniedException) exception); } } }
?先判斷獲取的異常是否是AccessDeniedException 再判斷是否是匿名用戶,如果是則調用 sendStartAuthentication 重定向到登錄頁面
?重定向登錄頁面之前會保存當前訪問的路徑,這就是為什么我們訪問 /hello接口后 再登錄成功后又會跳轉到 /hello接口,因為在重定向到/login接口前 這里進行了保存 requestCache.saveRequest(request, response);
protected void sendStartAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, AuthenticationException reason) throws ServletException, IOException { // SEC-112: Clear the SecurityContextHolder's Authentication, as the // existing Authentication is no longer considered valid SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(null); requestCache.saveRequest(request, response); logger.debug("Calling Authentication entry point."); authenticationEntryPoint.commence(request, response, reason); }
?authenticationEntryPoint.commence(request, response, reason);方法內部
?調用LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint 的 commence方法
?LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint 的commence方法內部有 構造重定向URL的方法
redirectUrl = buildRedirectUrlToLoginPage(request, response, authException); protected String buildRedirectUrlToLoginPage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) { String loginForm = determineUrlToUseForThisRequest(request, response, authException); protected String determineUrlToUseForThisRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) { return getLoginFormUrl(); }
?最終會獲取到需要重定向的URL /login
?然后sendRedirect 既會重定向到 /login 請求
?5.DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter (會捕獲重定向的/login 請求)
?DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter是過濾器鏈中的一個用于捕獲/login請求,并且渲染出一個默認表單頁面
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res; boolean loginError = isErrorPage(request); boolean logoutSuccess = isLogoutSuccess(request); if (isLoginUrlRequest(request) || loginError || logoutSuccess) { String loginPageHtml = generateLoginPageHtml(request, loginError, logoutSuccess); response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); response.setContentLength(loginPageHtml.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length); response.getWriter().write(loginPageHtml); return; } chain.doFilter(request, response); }
?isLoginUrlRequest 判斷請求是否是 loginPageUrl
private boolean isLoginUrlRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { return matches(request, loginPageUrl); }
?因為我們沒有配置所以 默認的 loginPageUrl = /login
?驗證通過請求路徑 能匹配 loginPageUrl
String loginPageHtml = generateLoginPageHtml(request, loginError, logoutSuccess);
?generateLoginPageHtml 繪制默認的HTML 頁面,到此我們默認的登錄頁面怎么來的就解釋清楚了
private String generateLoginPageHtml(HttpServletRequest request, boolean loginError, boolean logoutSuccess) { String errorMsg = "Invalid credentials"; if (loginError) { HttpSession session = request.getSession(false); if (session != null) { AuthenticationException ex = (AuthenticationException) session .getAttribute(WebAttributes.AUTHENTICATION_EXCEPTION); errorMsg = ex != null ? ex.getMessage() : "Invalid credentials"; } } StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append("<!DOCTYPE html>\n" + "<html lang=\"en\">\n" + " <head>\n" + " <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n" + " <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no\">\n" + " <meta name=\"description\" content=\"\">\n" + " <meta name=\"author\" content=\"\">\n" + " <title>Please sign in</title>\n" + " <link href=\"https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0-beta/css/bootstrap.min.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" integrity=\"sha384-/Y6pD6FV/Vv2HJnA6t+vslU6fwYXjCFtcEpHbNJ0lyAFsXTsjBbfaDjzALeQsN6M\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\">\n" + " <link href=\"https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/signin/signin.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"/>\n" + " </head>\n" + " <body>\n" + " <div class=\"container\">\n"); String contextPath = request.getContextPath(); if (this.formLoginEnabled) { sb.append(" <form class=\"form-signin\" method=\"post\" action=\"" + contextPath + this.authenticationUrl + "\">\n" + " <h3 class=\"form-signin-heading\">Please sign in</h3>\n" + createError(loginError, errorMsg) + createLogoutSuccess(logoutSuccess) + " <p>\n" + " <label for=\"username\" class=\"sr-only\">Username</label>\n" + " <input type=\"text\" id=\"username\" name=\"" + this.usernameParameter + "\" class=\"form-control\" placeholder=\"Username\" required autofocus>\n" + " </p>\n" + " <p>\n" + " <label for=\"password\" class=\"sr-only\">Password</label>\n" + " <input type=\"password\" id=\"password\" name=\"" + this.passwordParameter + "\" class=\"form-control\" placeholder=\"Password\" required>\n" + " </p>\n" + createRememberMe(this.rememberMeParameter) + renderHiddenInputs(request) + " <button class=\"btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block\" type=\"submit\">Sign in</button>\n" + " </form>\n"); } if (openIdEnabled) { sb.append(" <form name=\"oidf\" class=\"form-signin\" method=\"post\" action=\"" + contextPath + this.openIDauthenticationUrl + "\">\n" + " <h3 class=\"form-signin-heading\">Login with OpenID Identity</h3>\n" + createError(loginError, errorMsg) + createLogoutSuccess(logoutSuccess) + " <p>\n" + " <label for=\"username\" class=\"sr-only\">Identity</label>\n" + " <input type=\"text\" id=\"username\" name=\"" + this.openIDusernameParameter + "\" class=\"form-control\" placeholder=\"Username\" required autofocus>\n" + " </p>\n" + createRememberMe(this.openIDrememberMeParameter) + renderHiddenInputs(request) + " <button class=\"btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block\" type=\"submit\">Sign in</button>\n" + " </form>\n"); } if (oauth3LoginEnabled) { sb.append("<h3 class=\"form-signin-heading\">Login with OAuth 2.0</h3>"); sb.append(createError(loginError, errorMsg)); sb.append(createLogoutSuccess(logoutSuccess)); sb.append("<table class=\"table table-striped\">\n"); for (Map.Entry<String, String> clientAuthenticationUrlToClientName : oauth3AuthenticationUrlToClientName.entrySet()) { sb.append(" <tr><td>"); String url = clientAuthenticationUrlToClientName.getKey(); sb.append("<a href=\"").append(contextPath).append(url).append("\">"); String clientName = HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(clientAuthenticationUrlToClientName.getValue()); sb.append(clientName); sb.append("</a>"); sb.append("</td></tr>\n"); } sb.append("</table>\n"); } if (this.saml2LoginEnabled) { sb.append("<h3 class=\"form-signin-heading\">Login with SAML 2.0</h3>"); sb.append(createError(loginError, errorMsg)); sb.append(createLogoutSuccess(logoutSuccess)); sb.append("<table class=\"table table-striped\">\n"); for (Map.Entry<String, String> relyingPartyUrlToName : saml2AuthenticationUrlToProviderName.entrySet()) { sb.append(" <tr><td>"); String url = relyingPartyUrlToName.getKey(); sb.append("<a href=\"").append(contextPath).append(url).append("\">"); String partyName = HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(relyingPartyUrlToName.getValue()); sb.append(partyName); sb.append("</a>"); sb.append("</td></tr>\n"); } sb.append("</table>\n"); } sb.append("</div>\n"); sb.append("</body></html>"); return sb.toString(); }
至此 SpringSecurity 默認表單登錄頁展示流程源碼部分已經全部講解完畢,會渲染出下面的頁面,但是一定要有網的情況,否則樣式可能會變化
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