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這篇文章給大家介紹LogMiner如何在Oracle中使用,內容非常詳細,感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考借鑒,希望對大家能有所幫助。
LogMiner介紹
LogMiner 是Oracle公司從產品8i以后提供的一個實際非常有用的分析工具,使用該工具可以輕松獲得Oracle 重做日志文件(歸檔日志文件)中的具體內容,LogMiner分析工具實際上是由一組PL/SQL包和一些動態視圖組成,它作為Oracle數據庫的一部分來發布,是oracle公司提供的一個完全免費的工具。
環境:Oracle 11.2.0.4 RAC
1.查詢當前日志組
使用sys用戶查詢Oracle數據庫的當前日志組:
--1.current log SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 1 29 52428800 512 2 YES INACTIVE 1547838 25-JUN-17 1547840 25-JUN-17 2 1 30 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1567897 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 27-JUN-17 3 2 25 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1567902 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 4 2 24 52428800 512 2 YES INACTIVE 1567900 27-JUN-17 1567902 27-JUN-17
這里當前日志(current)是:
thread 1 sequence 30
thread 2 sequence 25
2.業務用戶插入操作
模擬業務用戶jingyu插入T2表數據:
--2.業務用戶插入操作 sqlplus jingyu/jingyu@jyzhao SQL> select count(1) from t2; COUNT(1) ---------- 0 SQL> insert into t2 select rownum, rownum, rownum, dbms_random.string('b',50) from dual connect by level <= 100000 order by dbms_random.random; commit; 100000 rows created. SQL> Commit complete. SQL> select count(1) from t2; COUNT(1) ---------- 100000
3.歸檔日志切換
為了區分每個日志的不同操作,這里對數據庫進行手工歸檔切換,模擬現實中實際的歸檔切換。
--3.模擬歸檔日志切換 SQL> alter system archive log current; System altered. SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 1 31 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1572517 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 2 1 30 52428800 512 2 YES ACTIVE 1567897 27-JUN-17 1572517 27-JUN-17 3 2 25 52428800 512 2 YES ACTIVE 1567902 27-JUN-17 1572521 27-JUN-17 4 2 26 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1572521 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14
4.業務用戶插入操作
模擬業務用戶jingyu刪除T2表部分數據:
--4.業務用戶刪除操作 SQL> delete from t2 where id < 10000; 9999 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select count(1) from t2; COUNT(1) ---------- 90001
5.歸檔日志切換
為了區分每個日志的不同操作,這里對數據庫進行手工歸檔切換,模擬現實中實際的歸檔切換。
--5.模擬歸檔日志切換 SQL> alter system archive log current; System altered. SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 1 31 52428800 512 2 YES ACTIVE 1572517 27-JUN-17 1574293 27-JUN-17 2 1 32 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1574293 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 3 2 27 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1574296 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 4 2 26 52428800 512 2 YES ACTIVE 1572521 27-JUN-17 1574296 27-JUN-17
6.業務用戶更新操作
模擬業務用戶jingyu更新T2表部分數據:
--6.業務用戶更新操作 SQL> update T2 SET contents = 'xxx' where id > 99998; 2 rows updated. SQL> commit; Commit complete.
7.歸檔日志切換
為了區分每個日志的不同操作,這里對數據庫進行手工歸檔切換,模擬現實中實際的歸檔切換。
--7.模擬歸檔日志切換 SQL> alter system archive log current; System altered. SQL> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 1 33 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1575480 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 2 1 32 52428800 512 2 YES ACTIVE 1574293 27-JUN-17 1575480 27-JUN-17 3 2 27 52428800 512 2 YES ACTIVE 1574296 27-JUN-17 1575458 27-JUN-17 4 2 28 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1575458 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14
8.確認需要分析的日志
確認之后需要使用LogMiner分析的日志:
--8.確認需要分析的日志 thread# 1 sequence# 30 thread# 2 sequence# 25 這部分日志肯定是有記錄插入操作 thread# 1 sequence# 31 thread# 2 sequence# 26 這部分日志肯定是有記錄刪除操作 thread# 1 sequence# 32 thread# 2 sequence# 27 這部分日志肯定是有記錄更新操作
9.備份歸檔日志
將相關的歸檔都copy備份出來:
--9. 將相關的歸檔都copy備份出來 RUN { allocate channel dev1 device type disk format '/tmp/backup/arc_%h_%e_%t'; backup as copy archivelog sequence 30 thread 1; backup as copy archivelog sequence 31 thread 1; backup as copy archivelog sequence 32 thread 1; backup as copy archivelog sequence 25 thread 2; backup as copy archivelog sequence 26 thread 2; backup as copy archivelog sequence 27 thread 2; release channel dev1; }
備份出來的歸檔日志文件如下:
[oracle@jyrac1 backup]$ ls -lrth total 17M -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 2.3M Jun 27 21:50 arc_1_30_947800247 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 591K Jun 27 21:50 arc_1_31_947800249 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 143K Jun 27 21:50 arc_1_32_947800250 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 9.5M Jun 27 21:50 arc_2_25_947800251 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 3.6M Jun 27 21:50 arc_2_26_947800253 -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 77K Jun 27 21:50 arc_2_27_947800254
10.使用LogMiner分析
使用LogMiner分析歸檔日志:
--使用LogMiner分析歸檔日志 --應該有插入操作的日志 begin dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_1_30_947800247'); dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_2_25_947800251'); dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(Options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); end; / --應該有刪除操作的日志 begin dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_1_31_947800249'); dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_2_26_947800253'); dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(Options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); end; / --應該有更新操作的日志 begin dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_1_32_947800250'); dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_2_27_947800254'); dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(Options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); end; /
查詢v$logmnr_contents
set lines 180 pages 500 col username format a8 col sql_redo format a50 select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where table_name='T2'; select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where username='JINGYU'; select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where sql_redo like '%JINGYU%'; select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where sql_redo like 'insert%JINGYU%'; select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where sql_redo like 'delete%JINGYU%'; select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where sql_redo like 'update%JINGYU%';
實驗發現,以username為條件無法查詢到相關記錄,最終確認username都是unknown而不是真正執行語句的業務用戶jingyu。
而挖掘出的日志sql_redo這個字段是完整的SQL,可以采用like的方式查詢,比如我分析更新操作的日志,就可以得到下面這樣的結果:
SQL> --應該有更新操作的日志 SQL> begin 2 dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_1_32_947800250'); 3 dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_2_27_947800254'); 4 dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(Options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); 5 end; 6 / PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> select count(1) from v$logmnr_contents; COUNT(1) ---------- 388 SQL> select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where username='JINGYU'; no rows selected SQL> select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where sql_redo like '%JINGYU%'; USERNAME SCN TIMESTAMP ------------------------------ ---------- ------------ SQL_REDO -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNKNOWN 1575420 27-JUN-17 update "JINGYU"."T2" set "CONTENTS" = 'xxx' where "CONTENTS" = 'YSWGNNLCLMYWPSLQ ETVLGQJRKQIEAMOEYUFNRUQULVFRVPEDRV' and ROWID = 'AAAVWVAAGAAAAHnABj'; UNKNOWN 1575420 27-JUN-17 update "JINGYU"."T2" set "CONTENTS" = 'xxx' where "CONTENTS" = 'WHCWFOZVLJWHFWLJ DNVSMQTORGJFFXYADIOJZWJCDDOYXAOQJG' and ROWID = 'AAAVWVAAGAAAAOYAAE'; SQL>
至此,LogMiner基本的操作實驗已完成。
附:與LogMiner有關的一些操作命令參考:
conn / as sysdba --安裝LOGMINER @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/dbmslmd.sql; @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/dbmslm.sql; @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/dbmslms.sql; @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prvtlm.plb; --停止logmnr exec dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr --查詢附加日志開啟情況: select supplemental_log_data_min, supplemental_log_data_pk, supplemental_log_data_ui from v$database; --開啟附加日志 alter database add supplemental log data; --取消補充日志 alter database drop supplemental log data (primary key) columns; alter database drop supplemental log data (unique) columns; alter database drop supplemental log data; --最后一個即為新的歸檔 select name,dest_id,thread#,sequence# from v$archived_log;
最后確認如果開啟了附加日志,username就可以捕獲到正確的值:
SQL> set lines 180 SQL> / GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 1 35 52428800 512 2 YES INACTIVE 1590589 27-JUN-17 1591935 27-JUN-17 2 1 36 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1591935 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 3 2 29 52428800 512 2 YES INACTIVE 1590594 27-JUN-17 1591938 27-JUN-17 4 2 30 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 1591938 27-JUN-17 2.8147E+14 1,36 2,30 SQL> update t2 set contents = 2 'aaa' where id = 44449; 1 row updated. SQL> commit; Commit complete. RUN { allocate channel dev1 device type disk format '/tmp/backup/arc_%h_%e_%t'; backup as copy archivelog sequence 36 thread 1; backup as copy archivelog sequence 30 thread 2; release channel dev1; } begin dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_1_36_947808116'); dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('/tmp/backup/arc_2_30_947808118'); dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(Options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); end; / SQL> select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where username='JINGYU'; USERNAME SCN TIMESTAMP ------------------------------ ---------- ------------ SQL_REDO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JINGYU 1593448 27-JUN-17 set transaction read write; JINGYU 1593448 27-JUN-17 update "JINGYU"."T2" set "CONTENTS" = 'aaa' where "CONTENTS" = 'WZTSQZWYOCNDFKSMNJQLOLFUBRDOHCBMKXBHAPJSHCMWBYZJVH' and ROWID = 'AAAVWVAAGAAAACLAAL'; JINGYU 1593450 27-JUN-17 commit;
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