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在C語言中,使用MQTT協議進行消息過濾通常涉及到訂閱特定主題并設置消息回調函數。MQTT客戶端庫(如libmosquitto)提供了訂閱和回調的功能,允許你根據主題過濾接收到的消息。
以下是一個簡單的示例,展示了如何使用libmosquitto庫在C語言中訂閱特定主題并過濾消息:
sudo apt-get install libmosquitto-dev
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <mosquitto.h>
int message_callback(void *userdata, struct mosquitto_message *message) {
printf("Received message on topic: %s\n", message->topic);
return 0;
}
main
函數中,初始化MQTT客戶端并連接到MQTT代理:int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int rc;
struct mosquitto *mosq;
const char *broker = "tcp://broker.hivemq.com:1883";
const char *client_id = "C_Client_1";
mosq = mosquitto_new(client_id, true, NULL);
if (!mosq) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create mosquitto client\n");
return 1;
}
rc = mosquitto_connect(mosq, broker, 1883, 60);
if (rc != MOSQ_ERR_SUCCESS) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to connect to broker\n");
mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
return 1;
}
// 訂閱特定主題
const char *topic = "example/topic";
rc = mosquitto_subscribe(mosq, topic, 0, message_callback);
if (rc != MOSQ_ERR_SUCCESS) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to subscribe to topic: %s\n", topic);
mosquitto_disconnect(mosq);
mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
return 1;
}
// 開始循環以處理網絡流量、自動重連等
printf("Connected to broker and subscribed to topic. Press Ctrl+C to exit.\n");
while (1) {
int msg_rc = mosquitto_loop();
if (msg_rc == MOSQ_ERR_CONNACK_RECEIVED) {
printf("Connection established\n");
} else if (msg_rc == MOSQ_ERR_DISCONNECTED) {
printf("Disconnected\n");
} else if (msg_rc == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error\n");
break;
}
}
mosquitto_disconnect(mosq);
mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
return 0;
}
gcc MQTTClient.c -o MQTTClient -lmosquitto
./MQTTClient
現在,程序將連接到MQTT代理并訂閱example/topic
主題。當從該主題接收到消息時,message_callback
函數將被調用,并打印出主題名稱。你可以根據需要修改回調函數以實現更復雜的過濾邏輯。
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