在Elixir中實現Blockchain技術的基礎架構和應用示例

在Elixir中實現Blockchain技術的基礎架構可以參考以下步驟：

1. 定義區塊結構：創建一個區塊結構，包含區塊索引、時間戳、交易數據、前一個區塊的哈希值和當前區塊的哈希值等字段。

defmodule Block do
  defstruct index: 0,
            timestamp: 0,
            data: "",
            previous_hash: "",
            hash: ""
end

2. 實現區塊鏈數據結構：創建一個列表來存儲區塊鏈中的所有區塊。

defmodule Blockchain do
  defstruct blocks: [%Block{}]
end

3. 實現區塊鏈的生成和驗證：編寫生成新區塊和驗證區塊鏈的函數。

defmodule Blockchain do
  # 生成新區塊
  def new_block(chain, data) do
    previous_block = List.last(chain.blocks)
    new_index = previous_block.index + 1
    new_timestamp = DateTime.to_unix(DateTime.utc_now())
    new_hash = hash_block(%Block{index: new_index, timestamp: new_timestamp, data: data, previous_hash: previous_block.hash})
    
    new_block = %Block{index: new_index, timestamp: new_timestamp, data: data, previous_hash: previous_block.hash, hash: new_hash}
    
    %Blockchain{blocks: chain.blocks ++ [new_block]}
  end
  
  # 計算區塊的哈希值
  defp hash_block(block) do
    SHA3.hex256(block)
  end
  
  # 驗證區塊鏈
  def is_chain_valid(chain) do
    Enum.all?(Enum.zip(chain.blocks, List.delete_first(chain.blocks)), fn {block, previous_block} ->
      block.index == previous_block.index + 1 and
      block.previous_hash == previous_block.hash and
      block.hash == hash_block(block)
    end
  end
end

4. 示例應用：通過調用上述函數來創建一個簡單的區塊鏈應用。

chain = %Blockchain{blocks: [%Block{index: 0, timestamp: 0, data: "Genesis Block", previous_hash: "0", hash: "0"}]}

chain = Blockchain.new_block(chain, "Transaction 1")
chain = Blockchain.new_block(chain, "Transaction 2")

IO.inspect(chain)
IO.inspect(Blockchain.is_chain_valid(chain))

以上是在Elixir中實現Blockchain技術的簡單示例，可以根據具體需求進行更復雜的功能擴展和優化。