How to publish and play a live stream (MPEG-TS based encoder)

1. 英文原版配置，最后有簡單操作步驟

This tutorial provides the basic steps for using a live encoder that publishes a stream using the MPEG2 Transport Stream protocol (MPEG-TS). Follow these steps to setup an application named live to stream live content to Adobe Flash player, Microsoft Silverlight player, Apple iOS devices, and RTSP/RTP based players & devices.

Updated for Wowza Media Server 2.2.0 (19 November 2010)

1. Create application folder [install-dir]/applications/live

2. Create configuration folder [install-dir]/conf/live and copy [install-dir]/conf/Application.xml into this new folder

3. Edit the newly copied Application.xml file and make the following changes (some of these settings may already be present):

1. Set the Streams/StreamType property to: live
   Code:
   <StreamType>live</StreamType>

2. Set the HTTPStreamers property to: cupertinostreaming, smoothstreaming, sanjosestreaming
   Code:
   <HTTPStreamers>cupertinostreaming,smoothstreaming,sanjosestreaming</HTTPStreamers>

3. Set the Streams/LiveStreamPacketizers property to: cupertinostreamingpacketizer, smoothstreamingpacketizer, sanjosestreamingpacketizer:
   Code:
   <LiveStreamPacketizers>cupertinostreamingpacketizer, smoothstreamingpacketizer, sanjosestreamingpacketizer</LiveStreamPacketizers>
   Note cupertinostreamingpacketizer, smoothstreamingpacketizer, sanjosestreamingpacketizer are used for iOS, Silverlight and Flash HTTP clients. You can remove packetizers that you don't need.

4. Set the RTP/Authentication/PlayMethod to: none
   Code:
   <PlayMethod>none</PlayMethod>
   Download: Right click Application.xml to download a pre-configured version of Application.xml.

1. Using a text editor, create the file [install-dir]/content/mpegts.stream （有多個流的話此名稱做如下變化test.stream test2.stream，mpegts可隨意變化，stream不能變動）set the contents of this file to udp://0.0.0.0:10000 (if you are receiving a multicast stream, change the 0.0.0.0 part to the multicast address of the stream)（0.0.0.0可以設置成VLC的服務器IP，端口也可改變，但需要vlc也做相應改變）

2. Using a text editor, edit the file [install-dir]/conf/admin.password and add a username and password that will be used to start and stop the publishing of the MPEG-TS stream (below is an example of the file with the username myuser and password mypassword):
   Code:
   # Admin password file (format [username][space][password])
   # username password
   myuser mypassword

3. Start Wowza Media Server 2

4. Configure the MPEG-TS based encoder to send a live stream to the IP address of the server running Wowza Server using port 10000

5. Use the Stream Manager to start the MPEG-TS stream

1. 在瀏覽器中打開 http://[wowza-address]:8086/streammanager，輸入用戶名、密碼，做下面配置

1. Open a web browser and enter the url: http://[wowza-address]:8086/streammanager

2. Enter your admin username and password from above

3. Click the [start-receiving-stream] link just below the live application folder

4. Select the MediaCaster Type: rtp

5. Enter mpegts.stream into the Stream Name field

6. Click OK

Publishing:

• Consult your encoder's documentation. Send the stream to the IP address of the server running Wowza Server and the port 10000.

Playback:

• To play using Adobe Flash player (RTMP)
  
  Double-click [install-dir]/examples/LiveVideoStreaming/client/live.html, enter the information below and click the Play button.
  
  Code:
  Server: rtmp://[wowza-address]/live
  Stream: mpegts.stream
  Note: If your application will only stream to Flash RTMP clients see note at bottom of this article: Optional Configuration for Flash RTMP Clients Only

• To play using Adobe Flash player (San Jose/Flash HTTP)
  
  Double-click [install-dir]/examples/SimpleVideoStreaming/clientOSMF/bin-release/SimpleOSMFPlayer.html, enter the information below and click thePlay button.
  
  Code:
  Stream: http://[wowza-ip-address]:1935/live/mpegts.stream/manifest.f4m
  Note: The HTTP link above will not play directly in a browser. The stream can only be played from an OSMF based Flash player that is embedded in an HTML page. To play the stream from a remote system, copy the contents of the clientOSMF/bin-release folder to a web server.

• To play using an Apple iOS device (Cupertino/Apple HTTP Live Streaming)
  
  Enter the following URL into the Safari web browser:
  Code:
  http://[wowza-address]:1935/live/mpegts.stream/playlist.m3u8
  Note: This stream can also be played using the Safari Browser or QuickTime 10.x on a computer running OSX version 10.6 or greater (Snow Leopard).
  Note: The iPhone 3GS and older, and iPod touch devices require video encoded using H.264 format, Baseline 3 profile, or lower, and AAC or MP3 stereo audio.

• To play using Microsoft Silverlight (Smooth Streaming)
  
  Double-click [install-dir]/examples/LiveVideoStreaming/clientSilverlight/Default.html, enter the URL below and click the Play button.
  
  Code:
  http://[wowza-address]:1935/live/mpegts.stream/Manifest
  Note: The Silverlight player requires both audio and video to be present for playback. For live streaming only, the key frame frequency (which can be set directly in some encoders or is gop/fps), needs to be between 1 – 4 seconds. 2 seconds is recommended.

• To play using RTSP/RTP player or device
  
  Enter the following URL into the RTSP/RTP player:
  Code:
  rtsp://[wowza-address]:1935/live/mpegts.stream
  See Also:
  Mobile streaming troubleshooting guide
  How to best setup an application for RTSP/RTP streaming
  How to configure QuickTime player ...
  How to configure VLC player ...
  
  Note: [wowza-address] is the IP address or domain name of the server running Wowza Server.
  
  Note: For Microsoft Silverlight playback, the key frame interval must be set to between 1 and 4 seconds. Anything greater than 4 seconds can cause playback to freeze.
  
  Note: The mpegts.stream file is to contain the address of the incoming UDP stream that is carrying the MPEG-TS packets. Most of the time it is sufficient to set this address to udp://0.0.0.0:[port] where [port] is the number of the UDP on which the stream is being published. The IP address 0.0.0.0 instructs Wowza to listen on all local IP addresses for the incoming stream. Sometimes if there are multiple network interfaces on the machine, this will not work properly. When this happens, it is best to specify the internal IP address of the stream. For example, to listen to the local loopback interface you might specifyudp://127.0.0.1:10000 or maybe the internal NAT address of the machine udp://192.168.1.1:10000.
  
  Note: RTSP/RTP streaming is the way to stream to Android and Blackberry mobile devices. Newer Android based phones also support Flash player 10.1 along with RTMP and Flash HTTP streaming.
  
  Note: It is very important to carefully follow the instructions provided in the Mobile streaming troubleshooting guide to properly configure Wowza Server forRTSP/RTP streaming.
  
  Note: To stream to RTSP/RTP be sure UDP ports 0-65535 are open and properly mapped to the server running Wowza Media Server.
  
  Note: Many text editors will append a .txt extension to the mpegts.stream filename. This will result in an error message similar to:
  Code:
  SDP file missing: c:/program files/wowzamediasystems/wowzamediaserver[version]/content/mpegts.stream
  To fix this, go to the folder [install-dir]/content and remove the .txt extension from the filename.

Multi-bitrate Live Streaming

Multi-bitrate live streaming to Flash, Apple iOS devices and Silverlight requires that you have an encoder that can generate multiple bitrate streams from the same source that are properly key-frame aligned. Once you have an encoder that can generate properly aligned streams then you need to create a Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) file that links the streams together for playback.

For example, let's say we have three live streams encoded at three different bitrates myStream_700.stream (700kbps total bitrate), myStream_350.stream(350kbps total bitrate) and myStream_200.stream (200kbps total bitrate). Using a text editor, create a SMIL file in the [install-dir]/content folder with the namemyStream.smil with the following content:

Code:

<smil>
       <head>
       </head>
       <body>
               <switch>
                       <video src="myStream_700.stream" system-bitrate="700000"/>
                       <video src="myStream_350.stream" system-bitrate="350000"/>
                       <video src="myStream_200.stream" system-bitrate="200000"/>
               </switch>
       </body>
</smil>

You can see that there is a <video> entry in the <switch> container for each rendition of the stream. The system-bitrate value is set to the total bitrate in bits-per-second for that stream.

• To play using Adobe Flash player (San Jose/Flash HTTP)
  
  Double-click [install-dir]/examples/SimpleVideoStreaming/clientOSMF/bin-release/SimpleOSMFPlayer.html, enter the information below and click thePlay button.
  
  Code:
  Stream: http://[wowza-ip-address]:1935/vod/smil:myStream.smil/manifest.f4m

• To play using an Apple iOS device (Cupertino/Apple HTTP Live Streaming)
  
  Enter the following URL into the Safari web browser on the device:
  
  Code:
  http://[wowza-address]:1935/vod/smil:myStream.smil/playlist.m3u8

• To play using Microsoft Silverlight (Smooth Streaming)
  
  Double-click [install-dir]/examples/SimpleVideoStreaming/clientSilverlight/Default.html, enter the URL below and click the Play button.
  
  Code:
  http://[wowza-address]:1935/vod/smil:myStream.smil/Manifest

• To play using Adobe Flash player (RTMP)
  
  Dynamic Streaming to the Flash player requires a fair amount of work on the client-side. These articles cover the details of how to achieve dynamic streaming in Flash:
  
  Dynamic streaming in Flash (part 1)
  Dynamic streaming in Flash (part 2)
  Dynamic streaming in Flash (part 3)

Note: Silverlight Smooth Streaming will only switch between the video portion of the streams. The audio track of the first stream listed in the <switch> container will be used. If you want to use a stream other then the first stream for the audio track, add an <audio> entry to the <switch> container for that item. The <audio>item will be ignored when streaming using San Jose or Cupertino streaming. For example:

Code:

<smil>
       <head>
       </head>
       <body>
               <switch>
                       <video src="myStream_700.sdp" system-bitrate="700000"/>
                       <video src="myStream_350.sdp" system-bitrate="350000"/>
                       <video src="myStream_200.sdp" system-bitrate="200000"/>
                       <audio src="myStream_200.sdp" system-bitrate="96000"/>
               </switch>
       </body>
</smil>

Note: By default Silverlight Smooth Streaming will calculate video and audio bitrates for the Manifest data on the fly by inspecting the file. If you would like to instruct Wowza Server to use the bitrates in the SMIL file, add the following property to the HTTPStreams/Properties <Properties> container in [install-dir]/conf/[application]/Application.xml (be sure to get the correct properties container - there are several in the Application.xml file). When running in this mode, Wowza will assume the video and audio system-bitrate values are only for the video and audio data only:

Code:

<Property>
       <Name>smoothStreamingUseSMILBitrates</Name>
       <Value>true</Value>
       <Type>Boolean</Type>
</Property>

Note: When streaming out using RTSP/RTP you can force the output to MPEG-TS (which is needed by many set-top boxes) by adding the following two properties to the RTP/Properties (be sure to get the correct <Properties> container) in [install-dir]/conf/[application]/Application.xml:

Code:

<Property>
       <Name>forceMPEGTSOut</Name>
       <Value>true</Value>
       <Type>Boolean</Type>
</Property>
<Property>
       <Name>rtpWrapMPEGTS</Name>
       <Value>true</Value>
       <Type>Boolean</Type>
</Property>

Note: Wowza Server can output AAC audio using two different packetization methods; mpeg4-generic and mp4a-latm (3gpp). The default packetization method ismpeg4-generic. To switch to mp4a-latm (3gpp) add the following property to the RTP/Properties container in [install-dir]/[application]/Application.xml (be sure to get the correct Properties container - there are several in Application.xml):

Code:

<Property>
       <Name>audioPacketizerAAC</Name>
       <Value>com.wowza.wms.rtp.packetizer.RTPPacketizerMPEG4LATM</Value>
</Property>

Note: Some MPEG-TS based encoders send out video and audio in such a way that the media frames are not aligned on PES packet boundaries. This will cause the video and audio to not play. Wowza Server can re-aligned unaligned streams but it requires a property be added to [install-dir]/conf/[application]/Application.xml to enable this feature.

To turn on the code to fix audio alignment, add the following property to the RTP/Properties container in [install-dir]/[application]/Application.xml (be sure to get the correct Properties container - there are several in Application.xml):

Code:

<Property>
               <Name>audioIsAligned</Name>
               <Value>false</Value>
               <Type>Boolean</Type>
</Property>

To turn on the code to fix video alignment, add the following property to the RTP/Properties container in [install-dir]/[application]/Application.xml (be sure to get the correct Properties container - there are several in Application.xml) (Wowza Media Server 3 or greater is required):

Code:

<Property>
               <Name>videoIsAligned</Name>
               <Value>false</Value>
               <Type>Boolean</Type>
</Property>

Note: Some (not many) MPEG-TS encoders send do not properly align TS packets in UDP packets. When this happens you will see lots of the following warning messages in the logs:

Code:

RTPDePacketizerMPEGTS.handleRTPPacket: Out of sync: 0x[nn]

Add the following property to the RTP/Properties container in [install-dir]/[application]/Application.xml (be sure to get the correct Properties container - there are several in Application.xml):

Code:

<Property>
       <Name>rtpDePacketizerWrapper</Name>
       <Value>com.wowza.wms.rtp.depacketizer.RTPDePacketizerWrapperReChunkMPEGTS</Value>
</Property>

Wowza Server only allows a single rtpDePacketizerWrapper value. If you have setup a jitter buffer or packet recorder that uses the samertpDePacketizerWrapper they must be removed.

Optional Configuration for Flash RTMP Clients Only

If your application will only stream to Flash RTMP clients you can, optionally, change StreamType "rtp-live", then you will not need to use StreamManager (steps 8a-f above). The first Flash client that plays the stream will trigger Wowza to start re-streaming.

Code:

<StreamType>rtp-live</StreamType>

Also make the /conf/[app-name]/Application.xml /Streams /LiveStreamPacketizers empty:

Code:

<LiveStreamPacketizers></LiveStreamPacketizers>

• Click here, if you are having problems or would like to discuss this article.

• Leave a comment below, if there is some aspect of this article you would like to see changed or improved.

源文檔 <http://www.wowza.com/forums/content.php?37>

1. 簡單中文操作步驟參考

第一步：建立發布點application、conf目錄下建立發布點live

第二步：修改conf/live下的Application。xml

第三步：在content下建立mpegts.stream（流），mpegts可以隨意修改，stream不可修改。修改文件內容為udp://0.0.0.0:10000（地址和端口都是vlc的）

第四步：打開http://wowzaip:8086/streammanager 添加rtp流，流名稱填寫mpegts.stream（或自定義的流名稱）

第五步：播放，rtmp://wowzaip:1935/live/mpegts.stream

<<Application.xml>>

<<vlc.txt>>

VLC編碼配置

vlc -vvv "mms://lmdb.nbradio.com/jjpd" --sout

"#transcode{venc=x2

64{keyint=60,profile=baseline,level=3.0,nocabac},vcodec=x264,vb=150,scale=0.5,acodec=mp4a,ab=96,channels=2,samplerate=48000}:rtp{dst=192.168.0.52,port=10000,mux=ts}"

dst=192.168.0.52指wowza服務器IP

port=10000 指端口，可進行變化，變化收[wowza-install]/content/mpegts.stream 中的端口也需要變化。