Centos 7.4 安裝GNOME Desktop錯誤處

在安裝KVM時，為了方便后期安裝虛擬機，直接安裝了GNOME Desktop，這樣可以直接桌面型操作管理，在安裝KVM相關控件后，啟動vncserver報錯，如下：

[root@localhost home]# systemctl status -l vncserver@:1.service

● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since 二 2019-07-30 10:01:37 CST; 7min ago
Main PID: 10855 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

7月 30 10:01:34 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
7月 30 10:01:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).

[root@localhost home]# vncserver

New 'localhost.localdomain:1 (root)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:1

Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.log

通過查看日志分析：
[root@localhost home]# more /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.log

Xvnc TigerVNC 1.8.0 - built Nov 2 2018 19:05:14
Copyright (C) 1999-2017 TigerVNC Team and many others (see README.txt)
See http://www.tigervnc.org for information on TigerVNC.
Underlying X server release 12001000, The X.Org Foundation

Tue Jul 30 10:04:03 2019
vncext: VNC extension running!
vncext: Listening for VNC connections on all interface(s), port 5901
vncext: created VNC server for screen 0
The XKEYBOARD keymap compiler (xkbcomp) reports:

Internal error: Could not resolve keysym XF86WWAN
Internal error: Could not resolve keysym XF86RFKill
Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server
Killing Xvnc process ID 11012

yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" "Graphical Administration Tools" -y
總計
1.6 MB/s | 2.4 MB 00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test

Transaction check error:
file /boot/efi/EFI/centos from install of fwupdate-efi-12-5.el7.centos.x86_64 conflicts with file from package grub2-common-1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch

錯誤概要：
該問題是由于fwupdate-efi 組件與grub2-common沖突導致安裝出錯，這時可以通過更新grub2-common組件，來處理。
如下：

[root@localhost ~]# yum update grub2-common
已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

• base: mirrors.aliyun.com
• epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
• extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
• updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
  正在解決依賴關系
  --> 正在檢查事務
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-common.noarch.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  --> 正在處理依賴關系 grub2-common = 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos，它被軟件包 1:grub2-tools-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 需要
  --> 正在處理依賴關系 grub2-common = 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos，它被軟件包 1:grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 需要
  --> 正在處理依賴關系 grub2-common = 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos，它被軟件包 1:grub2-pc-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 需要
  --> 正在處理依賴關系 grub2-common = 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos，它被軟件包 1:grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch 需要
  --> 正在處理依賴關系 grub2-common = 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos，它被軟件包 1:grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 需要
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-common.noarch.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 更新
  --> 正在檢查事務
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-pc.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  --> 正在處理依賴關系 grub2-pc = 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos，它被軟件包 1:grub2-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 需要
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-pc.x86_64.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 更新
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-pc-modules.noarch.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-pc-modules.noarch.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 更新
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 取代
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools.x86_64.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 舍棄
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools-extra.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools-extra.x86_64.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 舍棄
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools-minimal.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  ---> 軟件包 grub2-tools-minimal.x86_64.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 舍棄
  --> 正在檢查事務
  ---> 軟件包 grub2.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 升級
  ---> 軟件包 grub2.x86_64.1.2.02-0.64.el7.centos 將被 取代
  ---> 軟件包 grub2.x86_64.1.2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 將被 舍棄
  --> 解決依賴關系完成

依賴關系解決

========================================================================================================================
Package 架構 版本 源 大小

正在安裝:
grub2 x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 31 k
替換 grub2.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos
grub2-tools x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 1.8 M
替換 grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos
grub2-tools-extra x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 995 k
替換 grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos
grub2-tools-minimal x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 172 k
替換 grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos
正在更新:
grub2-common noarch 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 728 k
為依賴而更新:
grub2-pc x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 31 k
grub2-pc-modules noarch 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 updates 846 k

事務概要

安裝 4 軟件包
升級 1 軟件包 (+2 依賴軟件包)

總下載量：4.5 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/7): grub2-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm | 31 kB 00:00:00
(2/7): grub2-pc-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm | 31 kB 00:00:00
(3/7): grub2-common-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.noarch.rpm | 728 kB 00:00:00
(4/7): grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.noarch.rpm | 846 kB 00:00:00
(5/7): grub2-tools-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm | 1.8 MB 00:00:00
(6/7): grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm | 995 kB 00:00:00
(7/7): grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm | 172 kB 00:00:00

總計 4.5 MB/s | 4.5 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在更新 : 1:grub2-common-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.noarch 1/14
正在安裝 : 1:grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 2/14
正在安裝 : 1:grub2-tools-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 3/14
正在安裝 : 1:grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 4/14
正在更新 : 1:grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.noarch 5/14
正在更新 : 1:grub2-pc-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 6/14
正在安裝 : 1:grub2-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 7/14
清理 : 1:grub2-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 8/14
清理 : 1:grub2-pc-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 9/14
清理 : 1:grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 10/14
清理 : 1:grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch 11/14
清理 : 1:grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 12/14
清理 : 1:grub2-tools-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 13/14
清理 : 1:grub2-common-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch 14/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-pc-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 1/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-common-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.noarch 2/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 3/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 4/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.noarch 5/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 6/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1.x86_64 7/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 8/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 9/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-pc-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 10/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-common-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch 11/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 12/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-tools-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 13/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 14/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.x86_64 15/14
驗證中 : 1:grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.64.el7.centos.noarch 16/14

已安裝:
grub2.x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1
grub2-tools-extra.x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 grub2-tools-minimal.x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1

更新完畢:
grub2-common.noarch 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1

作為依賴被升級:
grub2-pc.x86_64 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1 grub2-pc-modules.noarch 1:2.02-0.76.el7.centos.1

替代:
grub2.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.64.el7.centos

完畢！
[root@localhost ~]#

然后在重新安裝
yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" "Graphical Administration Tools" -y

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status -l vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 二 2019-07-30 11:09:26 CST; 12s ago
Main PID: 45172 (Xvnc)
CGroup: /system.slice/system-vncserver.slice/vncserver@:1.service
? 45172 /usr/bin/Xvnc :1 -auth /root/.Xauthority -desktop localhost.localdomain:1 (root) -fp catalogue:/etc/X11/fontpath.d -geometry 1024x768 -pn -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -rfbwait 30000

7月 30 11:09:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
7月 30 11:09:26 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
這時在啟動vncser就可以。