PHP適配器模式怎么應用

今天小編給大家分享一下PHP適配器模式怎么應用的相關知識點，內容詳細，邏輯清晰，相信大部分人都還太了解這方面的知識，所以分享這篇文章給大家參考一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后有所收獲，下面我們一起來了解一下吧。

PHP 適配器模式講解和代碼示例

適配器是一種結構型設計模式， 它能使不兼容的對象能夠相互合作。

適配器可擔任兩個對象間的封裝器， 它會接收對于一個對象的調用， 并將其轉換為另一個對象可識別的格式和接口。

復雜度：******

流行度：******

使用示例： 適配器模式在 PHP 代碼中很常見。 基于一些遺留代碼的系統常常會使用該模式。 在這種情況下， 適配器讓遺留代碼與現代的類得以相互合作。

識別方法： 適配器可以通過以不同抽象或接口類型實例為參數的構造函數來識別。 當適配器的任何方法被調用時， 它會將參數轉換為合適的格式， 然后將調用定向到其封裝對象中的一個或多個方法。

• 真實世界示例

適配器允許你使用第三方或遺留系統的類， 即使它們與你的代碼不兼容。 例如， 你可以創建一系列特殊的封裝器， 來讓應用所發出的調用與第三方類所要求的接口與格式適配， 而無需重寫應用的通知接口以使其支持每一個第三方服務 （如釘釘、 微信、 短信或其他任何服務）。

index.php: 真實世界示例

<?php

namespace RefactoringGuru\Adapter\RealWorld;

/**
 * The Target interface represents the interface that your application's classes
 * already follow.
 */
interface Notification
{
    public function send(string $title, string $message);
}

/**
 * Here's an example of the existing class that follows the Target interface.
 *
 * The truth is that many real apps may not have this interface clearly defined.
 * If you're in that boat, your best bet would be to extend the Adapter from one
 * of your application's existing classes. If that's awkward (for instance,
 * SlackNotification doesn't feel like a subclass of EmailNotification), then
 * extracting an interface should be your first step.
 */
class EmailNotification implements Notification
{
    private $adminEmail;

    public function __construct(string $adminEmail)
    {
        $this->adminEmail = $adminEmail;
    }

    public function send(string $title, string $message): void
    {
        mail($this->adminEmail, $title, $message);
        echo "Sent email with title '$title' to '{$this->adminEmail}' that says '$message'.";
    }
}

/**
 * The Adaptee is some useful class, incompatible with the Target interface. You
 * can't just go in and change the code of the class to follow the Target
 * interface, since the code might be provided by a 3rd-party library.
 */
class SlackApi
{
    private $login;
    private $apiKey;

    public function __construct(string $login, string $apiKey)
    {
        $this->login = $login;
        $this->apiKey = $apiKey;
    }

    public function logIn(): void
    {
        // Send authentication request to Slack web service.
        echo "Logged in to a slack account '{$this->login}'.\n";
    }

    public function sendMessage(string $chatId, string $message): void
    {
        // Send message post request to Slack web service.
        echo "Posted following message into the '$chatId' chat: '$message'.\n";
    }
}

/**
 * The Adapter is a class that links the Target interface and the Adaptee class.
 * In this case, it allows the application to send notifications using Slack
 * API.
 */
class SlackNotification implements Notification
{
    private $slack;
    private $chatId;

    public function __construct(SlackApi $slack, string $chatId)
    {
        $this->slack = $slack;
        $this->chatId = $chatId;
    }

    /**
     * An Adapter is not only capable of adapting interfaces, but it can also
     * convert incoming data to the format required by the Adaptee.
     */
    public function send(string $title, string $message): void
    {
        $slackMessage = "#" . $title . "# " . strip_tags($message);
        $this->slack->logIn();
        $this->slack->sendMessage($this->chatId, $slackMessage);
    }
}

/**
 * The client code can work with any class that follows the Target interface.
 */
function clientCode(Notification $notification)
{
    // ...

    echo $notification->send("Website is down!",
        "<strong style='color:red;font-size: 50px;'>Alert!</strong> " .
        "Our website is not responding. Call admins and bring it up!");

    // ...
}

echo "Client code is designed correctly and works with email notifications:\n";
$notification = new EmailNotification("developers@example.com");
clientCode($notification);
echo "\n\n";


echo "The same client code can work with other classes via adapter:\n";
$slackApi = new SlackApi("example.com", "XXXXXXXX");
$notification = new SlackNotification($slackApi, "Example.com Developers");
clientCode($notification);

Output.txt: 執行結果

Client code is designed correctly and works with email notifications:
Sent email with title 'Website is down!' to 'developers@example.com' that says '<strong style='color:red;font-size: 50px;'>Alert!</strong> Our website is not responding. Call admins and bring it up!'.
The same client code can work with other classes via adapter:
Logged in to a slack account 'example.com'.
Posted following message into the 'Example.com Developers' chat: '#Website is down!# Alert! Our website is not responding. Call admins and bring it up!'.

• 概念示例

本例說明了適配器設計模式的結構并重點回答了下面的問題：

• 它由哪些類組成？

• 這些類扮演了哪些角色？

• 模式中的各個元素會以何種方式相互關聯？

了解該模式的結構后， 你可以更容易地理解下面基于真實世界的 PHP 應用案例。

index.php:  概念示例

<?php

namespace RefactoringGuru\Adapter\Conceptual;

/**
 * The Target defines the domain-specific interface used by the client code.
 */
class Target
{
    public function request(): string
    {
        return "Target: The default target's behavior.";
    }
}

/**
 * The Adaptee contains some useful behavior, but its interface is incompatible
 * with the existing client code. The Adaptee needs some adaptation before the
 * client code can use it.
 */
class Adaptee
{
    public function specificRequest(): string
    {
        return ".eetpadA eht fo roivaheb laicepS";
    }
}

/**
 * The Adapter makes the Adaptee's interface compatible with the Target's
 * interface.
 */
class Adapter extends Target
{
    private $adaptee;

    public function __construct(Adaptee $adaptee)
    {
        $this->adaptee = $adaptee;
    }

    public function request(): string
    {
        return "Adapter: (TRANSLATED) " . strrev($this->adaptee->specificRequest());
    }
}

/**
 * The client code supports all classes that follow the Target interface.
 */
function clientCode(Target $target)
{
    echo $target->request();
}

echo "Client: I can work just fine with the Target objects:\n";
$target = new Target();
clientCode($target);
echo "\n\n";

$adaptee = new Adaptee();
echo "Client: The Adaptee class has a weird interface. See, I don't understand it:\n";
echo "Adaptee: " . $adaptee->specificRequest();
echo "\n\n";

echo "Client: But I can work with it via the Adapter:\n";
$adapter = new Adapter($adaptee);
clientCode($adapter);

Output.txt:  執行結果

Client: I can work just fine with the Target objects:
Target: The default target's behavior.

Client: The Adaptee class has a weird interface. See, I don't understand it:
Adaptee: .eetpadA eht fo roivaheb laicepS

Client: But I can work with it via the Adapter:
Adapter: (TRANSLATED) Special behavior of the Adaptee.

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