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首先了解socket工作原理，client－server模式
1、socket客戶端：
2、socket類型
3、socket數據流
4、實驗
（1）寫一個client
服務端啟動監聽ip和端口
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ nc -l 1234
客戶端連接服務端，發數據，關閉socket
pycharm中添加一個socket_client.py并之行：
import socket
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
s.sendall('hello world')
s.close()服務端退出socket
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ nc -l 1234 hello world admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$
客戶端發送10次
socket_client10.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #元祖（網絡socket，tcp）
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
for i in range(10):
s.sendall('%s hello, world\n' %i)
time.sleep(1)
s.close()服務端打印10次退出
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ nc -l 1234 0 hello, world 1 hello, world 2 hello, world 3 hello, world 4 hello, world 5 hello, world 6 hello, world 7 hello, world 8 hello, world 9 hello, world admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$
（2）寫一個server
socket_server01.py
#coding=UTF-8 import socket import time HOST = '' #表示監聽0.0.0.0 PORT = 1234 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡，tcp s.bind((HOST,PORT)) s.listen(1) #一次接受一個,寫2也是一次接受一個 connect, address = s.accept() #接受客戶端的請求，返回的是一個連結句柄connect＋地址 print 'connent',connect print 'Connected by', address while 1: data = connect.recv(1024) if not data: break connect.sendall(data.upper()) connect.close()
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py
啟動程序并查看端口
admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ netstat -an | grep 1234 tcp4 0 0 *.1234 *.* LISTEN
客戶端：
socket-client for server.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
s.sendall('hello, world') #客戶端發送1024字節
data = s.recv(1024) #接受服務器發送過來的數據
s.close()
print 'Received', repr(data) #打印服務端發送過來的數據
print data客戶端之行發送hello world，接受HELLO WORLD
python socket-client for server.py
Received 'HELLO, WORLD'
HELLO, WORLD
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x10427ec20>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 63878)現在讓客戶端一直發，服務端一直接受數據，一端關閉socket連接，另一端也自動關閉連接
server端代碼基本上不變
socket_server01.py
#coding=UTF-8 import socket import time HOST = '' #表示監聽0.0.0.0 PORT = 1234 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡，tcp s.bind((HOST,PORT)) s.listen(1) #一次接受一個,寫2也是一次接受一個 connect, address = s.accept() #接受客戶端的請求，返回的是一個連結句柄connect＋地址 print 'connent',connect print 'Connected by', address while 1: data = connect.recv(1024) print data if not data: break connect.sendall(data.upper()) connect.close()
啟動server，并查看端口：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py admindeMacBook-Air-62:~ admin$ netstat -an | grep 1234 tcp4 0 0 *.1234 *.* LISTEN
client端代碼：
vim clinet_not_stop.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
s.sendall('hello, world') #客戶端發送1024字節
data = s.recv(1024) #接受服務器發送過來的數據
print data
time.sleep(1)
s.close()admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python python clinet_not_stop.py client接受到server大寫返回 HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD
同時可以看到server端的來自client的發送數據，全部小寫的hello world
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server01.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x10baedc20>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 64589)
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world
hello, world按ctrl＋c終止傳輸
新的需求，客戶端發送命令，服務端接收命令并之行，并返回結果，客戶端使用exit或者quit，退出。
server：socket_server_command.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*- #coding=UTF-8 import socket from subprocess import Popen,PIPE HOST = '' #表示監聽0.0.0.0 PORT = 1234 s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡，tcp s.bind((HOST,PORT)) s.listen(1) #一次接受一個,寫2也是一次接受一個 connect, address = s.accept() #接受客戶端的請求，返回的是一個連結句柄connect＋地址 print 'connent',connect print 'Connected by', address while 1: cmd = connect.recv(1024) p = Popen(cmd, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, shell=True) stdout = p.stdout.read() stderr = p.stderr.read() if stdout: connect.sendall(stdout) if stderr: connect.sendall(stderr) if not cmd: break connect.close()
client：socket_clinet_command.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #參考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
cmd = raw_input("Please input cmd:").strip() #把空字符串命令去掉，做一個判斷，非空再發送
if cmd.lower() == 'exit' or cmd.lower() == 'quit':
break
if cmd:
s.sendall(cmd) #客戶端發送命令
data = s.recv(1024) #接受服務器發送過來的數據
print data
s.close()server啟動服務：（有客戶端連接會顯示連接句柄）
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server_command.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x109192de0>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 65512)客戶端啟動并之行命令：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_clinet_command.py Please input cmd:date 2017年 6月10日 星期六 18時34分21秒 CST Please input cmd:pwd /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor Please input cmd:exit
5、實現FTP下載功能：
1、get source dest
2、重復文件，加.new
3、打印出來get下來的文件名是/tmp/hosts 還是/tmp/hosts.new
服務端：socket_server_ftp.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=UTF-8
import socket
from subprocess import Popen,PIPE
HOST = '' #表示監聽0.0.0.0
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡，tcp
s.bind((HOST,PORT))
s.listen(1) #一次接受一個,寫2也是一次接受一個
connect, address = s.accept() #接受客戶端的請求，返回的是一個連結句柄connect＋地址
print 'connent',connect
print 'Connected by', address
while 1:
cmd = connect.recv(1024)
cmd_list = cmd.split()
if cmd_list[0] == 'get': #如果是get方法，讀數據
with open(cmd_list[1]) as fd:
while True: #循環讀取1024字節，然后返回一個數
data = fd.read(1024)
connect.sendall(data)
if not data: #數據讀完了，跳出while循環
connect.sendall('EOF')
break
if not cmd: break
connect.close()客戶端：socket_clinet_ftp.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #參考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
import os
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 1234
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
cmd = raw_input("Please input cmd:").strip() #把空字符串命令去掉，做一個判斷，非空再發送
if cmd.lower() == 'exit' or cmd.lower() == 'quit':
break
cmd_list = cmd.split()
if len(cmd_list) != 3:
print "Ex: get file1 file2"
continue
else:
s.sendall(cmd) #客戶端發送命令
if not os.path.exists(cmd_list[2]):
dst_file = cmd_list[2]
else:
dst_file = cmd_list[2]+'.new'
n = 1 #定義一個變量，第一次打開文件是wb方式，第二次打開文件是a（追加）的方式打開。
while True:
data_rev = s.recv(1024) # 接受服務器發送過來的數據,但是服務器發送完數據，客戶端仍在等待，就會卡住。用EOF，就break
if data_rev.endswith('EOF'):
data = data_rev[:-3]
else:
data = data_rev
if n == 1:
with open(dst_file, 'wb') as fd:
fd.write(data)
else:
with open(dst_file, 'a') as fd:
fd.write(data)
print data
n +=1
print "destination file is %s" %dst_file
if data_rev[-3:] == 'EOF': #如果最后三個字符是EOF，退出ftp
break
s.close()啟動服務端：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_server_ftp.py
connent <socket._socketobject object at 0x104ecbde0>
Connected by ('127.0.0.1', 53858)啟動客戶端：
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket_clinet_ftp.py Please input cmd:get /etc/hosts /tmp/hosts destination file is /tmp/hosts Please input cmd:get /etc/hosts /tmp/hosts destination file is /tmp/hosts.new
6、SocketServer
socketserver是一個類，自帶多線程
編寫一個hander類，繼承BaseRequestHander，重寫handle()方法
針對tcp還是udp生成一個server對象
調用server對象的handle_request或者sever_forver方法
（1）socket server官方的例子，一個腳本中服務端核客戶端
https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/socketserver.html?highlight=socketserver
vim socket-threading-thread.py import socket import threading import SocketServer class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): data = self.request.recv(1024) cur_thread = threading.current_thread() response = "%s %s" % (cur_thread.name, data) self.request.sendall(response) class ThreadedTCPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer): pass def client(ip, port, message): sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.connect((ip, port)) try: sock.sendall(message) response = sock.recv(1024) print response finally: sock.close() if __name__ == "__main__": # Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port HOST, PORT = "localhost", 0 server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler) ip, port = server.server_address # Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one # more thread for each request server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever) # Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates server_thread.daemon = True server_thread.start() print "Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name client(ip, port, "Hello World 1") client(ip, port, "Hello World 2") client(ip, port, "Hello World 3") server.shutdown() server.server_close()
admindeMacBook-Air-62:host_performance-monitor admin$ python socket-threading-thread.py Server loop running in thread: Thread-1 Thread-2 Hello World 1 Thread-3 Hello World 2 Thread-4 Hello World 3
（2）多個客戶端同時連接一個服務器
服務器不退出
任何一個客戶端都會有返回的結果
服務端代碼：
vim socket_clinet_command.py #-*-coding: UTF-8 -*- #coding=UTF-8 import socket import threading import SocketServer class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): while True: self.data = self.request.recv(1024).strip() print self.client_address[0] print self.data self.request.sendall(self.data.upper()) if not self.data: break class ThreadedTCPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer): pass if __name__ == "__main__": # Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port #HOST, PORT = "localhost", 9999 HOST = 'localhost' PORT = 9999 server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler) # Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one # more thread for each request server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever) # Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates server_thread.daemon = True server_thread.start() print "Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name ##主要進程不退出 server.serve_forever()
客戶端代碼：
socketserver_clinet.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #參考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
import os
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 9999
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
s.sendall('hello, world')
data = s.recv(1024)
print data
time.sleep(1)
s.close()啟動服務端
Server loop running in thread: Thread-1 127.0.0.1 hello, world 127.0.0.1 hello, world 127.0.0.1 hello, world 127.0.0.1 hello, world
分別啟動兩個客戶端：
返回結果都是大寫helloworld，且相互不影響。
HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD HELLO, WORLD
(3)使用socketserver的threading多線程實現ftp功能（多客戶端）
服務器端代碼：
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=UTF-8
import socket
import threading
import SocketServer
class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
while True:
self.cmd = self.request.recv(1024).strip()
self.cmd_list = self.cmd.split()
if self.cmd_list[0] == 'get': # 如果是get方法，讀數據
with open(self.cmd_list[1]) as fd:
while True: # 循環讀取1024字節，然后返回一個數
self.data = fd.read(1024)
self.request.sendall(self.data)
if not self.data: # 數據讀完了，跳出while循環
self.request.sendall('EOF')
break
if not self.cmd:
break
class ThreadedTCPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer):
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port
#HOST, PORT = "localhost", 9999
HOST = ''
PORT = 12345
server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler)
# Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one
# more thread for each request
server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
# Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates
server_thread.daemon = True
server_thread.start()
print "Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name
##主要進程不退出
server.serve_forever()啟動服務端監聽端口：
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7 /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor/socket-threading-thread-server-ftp.py Server loop running in thread: Thread-1
客戶端代碼：
socket_clinet_ftp.py
#-*-coding: UTF-8 -*-
#coding=utf-8
import socket
import time
import tab #參考：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1934112
import os
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 12345
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) #網絡socket，tcp
s.connect((HOST,PORT))
while True:
cmd = raw_input("Please input cmd:").strip() #把空字符串命令去掉，做一個判斷，非空再發送
if cmd.lower() == 'exit' or cmd.lower() == 'quit':
break
cmd_list = cmd.split()
if len(cmd_list) != 3:
print "Ex: get file1 file2"
continue
else:
s.sendall(cmd) #客戶端發送命令
if not os.path.exists(cmd_list[2]):
dst_file = cmd_list[2]
else:
dst_file = cmd_list[2]+'.new'
n = 1 #定義一個變量，第一次打開文件是wb方式，第二次打開文件是a（追加）的方式打開。
while True:
data_rev = s.recv(1024) # 接受服務器發送過來的數據,但是服務器發送完數據，客戶端仍在等待，就會卡住。用EOF，就break
if data_rev.endswith('EOF'):
data = data_rev[:-3]
else:
data = data_rev
if n == 1:
with open(dst_file, 'wb') as fd:
fd.write(data)
else:
with open(dst_file, 'a') as fd:
fd.write(data)
print data
n +=1
print "destination file is %s" %dst_file
if data_rev[-3:] == 'EOF': #如果最后三個字符是EOF，退出ftp
break
s.close()分別啟動兩個客戶端，可以同時使用get方法，斷開其中一個客戶端對服務端無影響。
客戶端1: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7 /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor/socket_clinet_ftp.py Please input cmd:ls Ex: get file1 file2 Please input cmd:get /tmp/1.txt /tmp/2.txt destination file is /tmp/2.txt Please input cmd: 客戶端2: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7 /Users/admin/Desktop/project/host_performance-monitor/socket_clinet_ftp.py Please input cmd:get /tmp/1.txt /tmp/2.txt destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new Please input cmd: Ex: get file1 file2 Please input cmd:get /tmp/1.txt /tmp/2.txt destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new destination file is /tmp/2.txt.new Please input cmd:
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