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這篇文章主要介紹“怎么使用ASP.NET Core實現文件上傳和下載”的相關知識,小編通過實際案例向大家展示操作過程,操作方法簡單快捷,實用性強,希望這篇“怎么使用ASP.NET Core實現文件上傳和下載”文章能幫助大家解決問題。
1.1 獲取文件后綴
/// <summary> /// 獲取文件后綴 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">文件名稱</param> /// <returns></returns> public async static Task<string> GetFileSuffixAsync(string fileName) { return await Task.Run(() => { string suffix = Path.GetExtension(fileName); return suffix; }); }
1.2 上傳單文件
public class FileMessage { /// <summary> /// 原文件名稱 /// </summary> public string FileName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 附件名稱(協議或其他要進行數據庫保存與模型綁定的命名) /// </summary> public string ArgumentName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 文件大小(KB) /// </summary> public string FileSize { get; set; } /// <summary> /// -1:上傳失敗 0:等待上傳 1:已上傳 /// </summary> public int FileStatus { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 上傳結果 /// </summary> public string UploadResult { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 創建實例 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">原文件名稱</param> /// <param name="argumentName">(新)附件名稱</param> /// <param name="fileSize">大小</param> /// <param name="fileStatus">文件狀態</param> /// <returns></returns> public static FileMessage CreateNew(string fileName, string argumentName, string fileSize, int fileStatus, string uploadResult) { return new FileMessage() { FileName = fileName, ArgumentName = argumentName, FileSize = fileSize, FileStatus = fileStatus, UploadResult = uploadResult }; } }
/// <summary> /// 上傳文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="file">上傳的文件</param> /// <param name="fold">要存儲的文件夾</param> /// <returns></returns> public async static Task<FileMessage> UploadFileAsync(IFormFile file, string fold) { string fileName = file.FileName; string path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + @"/Upload/" + fold + "/"; if (!Directory.Exists(path)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } string argumentName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + await GetFileSuffixAsync(file.FileName); string fileSize = Math.Round((decimal)file.Length / 1024, 2) + "k"; string filePath = Path.Combine(path, argumentName); try { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create)) { await file.CopyToAsync(stream); } return FileMessage.CreateNew(fileName, argumentName, fileSize, 1, "文件上傳成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return FileMessage.CreateNew(fileName, argumentName, fileSize, -1, "文件上傳失敗:" + e.Message); } }
1.3 上傳多文件
/// <summary> /// 上傳多文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="files">上傳的文件集合</param> /// <param name="fold">要存儲的文件夾</param> /// <returns></returns> public async static Task<List<FileMessage>> UploadFilesAsync(IFormFileCollection files, string fold) { string path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + @"/Upload/" + fold + "/"; if (!Directory.Exists(path)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } List<FileMessage> messages = new List<FileMessage>(); foreach (var file in files) { string fileName = file.FileName; string argumentName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + await GetFileSuffixAsync(file.FileName); string fileSize = Math.Round((decimal)file.Length / 1024, 2) + "k"; string filePath = Path.Combine(path, argumentName); try { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create)) { await file.CopyToAsync(stream); } messages.Add(FileMessage.CreateNew(fileName, argumentName, fileSize, 1, "文件上傳成功")); } catch (Exception e) { messages.Add(FileMessage.CreateNew(fileName, argumentName, fileSize, -1, "文件上傳失敗,失敗原因:" + e.Message)); } } return messages; }
[Route("api/[controller]")] [ApiController] public class ManageProtocolFileController : ControllerBase { private readonly string createName = ""; private readonly IWebHostEnvironment _env; private readonly ILogger<ManageProtocolFileController> _logger; public ManageProtocolFileController(IWebHostEnvironment env, ILogger<ManageProtocolFileController> logger) { _env = env; _logger = logger; } /// <summary> /// 協議上傳附件 /// </summary> /// <param name="file"></param> /// <returns></returns> [HttpPost("upload")] public async Task<FileMessage> UploadProtocolFile([FromForm] IFormFile file) { return await UploadFileAsync(file, "ManageProtocol"); } }
2.1 獲取ContentType屬性
/// <summary> /// 獲取文件ContentType /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">文件名稱</param> /// <returns></returns> public async static Task<string> GetFileContentTypeAsync(string fileName) { return await Task.Run(() => { string suffix = Path.GetExtension(fileName); var provider = new FileExtensionContentTypeProvider(); var contentType = provider.Mappings[suffix]; return contentType; }); }
2.2 執行下載
[Route("api/[controller]")] [ApiController] public class ManageProtocolFileController : ControllerBase { private readonly string createName = ""; private readonly IWebHostEnvironment _env; private readonly ILogger<ManageProtocolFileController> _logger; public ManageProtocolFileController(IWebHostEnvironment env, ILogger<ManageProtocolFileController> logger) { _env = env; _logger = logger; } /// <summary> /// 下載附件 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">文件名稱</param> /// <returns></returns> [HttpGet("download")] public async Task<FileStreamResult> Download([FromQuery] string fileName) { try { string rootPath = _env.ContentRootPath + @"/Upload/ManageProtocolFile"; string filePath = Path.Combine(rootPath, fileName); var stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filePath); string contentType = await GetFileContentTypeAsync(fileName); _logger.LogInformation("用戶:" + createName + "下載后臺客戶協議附件:" + request.FileName); return File(stream, contentType, fileName); } catch (Exception e) { _logger.LogError(e, "用戶:" + createName + "下載后臺客戶協議附件出錯,出錯原因:" + e.Message); throw new Exception(e.ToString()); } } }
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