分布式系統之如何實現zookeeper安裝

這篇文章主要介紹分布式系統之如何實現zookeeper安裝，文中介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完！

ZooKeeper是一個分布式的，開放源碼的分布式應用程序協調服務，它包含一個簡單的原語集，分布式應用程序可以基于它實現同步服務，配置維護和命名服務等。
設計目的
1.最終一致性：client不論連接到哪個Server，展示給它都是同一個視圖，這是zookeeper最重要的性能。
2 .可靠性：具有簡單、健壯、良好的性能，如果消息m被到一臺服務器接受，那么它將被所有的服務器接受。
3 .實時性：Zookeeper保證客戶端將在一個時間間隔范圍內獲得服務器的更新信息，或者服務器失效的信息。但由于網絡延時等原因，Zookeeper不能保證兩個客戶端能同時得到剛更新的數據，如果需要最新數據，應該在讀數據之前調用sync()接口。
4 .等待無關（wait-free）：慢的或者失效的client不得干預快速的client的請求，使得每個client都能有效的等待。
5.原子性：更新只能成功或者失敗，沒有中間狀態。
6 .順序性：包括全局有序和偏序兩種：全局有序是指如果在一臺服務器上消息a在消息b前發布，則在所有Server上消息a都將在消息b前被發布；偏序是指如果一個消息b在消息a后被同一個發送者發布，a必將排在b前面。

ZK安裝分為單機安裝、偽分布安裝和分布式安裝

一、單機安裝

[root@node1 bin]# wget http://apache.opencas.org/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 zk]# ls
zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 zk]# tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 zk]# ls
zookeeper-3.4.6  zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 zk]# mv zookeeper-3.4.6 zookeeper
[root@node1 zk]# cd zookeeper
[root@node1 zookeeper]# ls
bin        CHANGES.txt  contrib     docs             ivy.xml  LICENSE.txt  README_packaging.txt  recipes  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.md5
build.xml  conf         dist-maven  ivysettings.xml  lib      NOTICE.txt   README.txt            src      zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.asc  zookeeper-3.4.6.jar.sha1
[root@node1 zookeeper]# cd conf/
[root@node1 conf]# ls
configuration.xsl  log4j.properties  zoo_sample.cfg
[root@node1 conf]# cp zoo_sample.cfg  zoo.cfg
[root@node1 conf]# cat zoo.cfg
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

[root@node1 conf]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_45"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.4.3.3.el6-i386 u45-b15)
OpenJDK Client VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode, sharing)
[root@node1 conf]# cd ../
[root@node1 zookeeper]# cd bin/
[root@node1 bin]# ls
README.txt  zkCleanup.sh  zkCli.cmd  zkCli.sh  zkEnv.cmd  zkEnv.sh  zkServer.cmd  zkServer.sh
[root@node1 bin]# ./zkServer.sh
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zk/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Usage: ./zkServer.sh {start|start-foreground|stop|restart|status|upgrade|print-cmd}
[root@node1 bin]# ./zkServer.sh  start
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zk/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@node1 bin]# jps
4341 Jps
4325 QuorumPeerMain



二、偽分布式安裝

安裝技巧：注意修改clientPort端口號，建議依次改為2181、2182、2183，寫入myId文件,必須和Server.X里面的序號對應

server.1=127.0.0.1:2888:3888
server.2=127.0.0.1:2889:3889
server.3=127.0.0.1:2890:3890

[root@node1 conf]# vi zoo.cfg
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
dataDir=../zkdata
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

server.1=127.0.0.1:2888:3888
server.2=127.0.0.1:2889:3889
server.3=127.0.0.1:2890:3890
~
"zoo.cfg" 33L, 1007C written
[root@node1 conf]# cd ../
[root@node1 zookeeper]# mkdir zkdata
[root@node1 zookeeper]# cd ../
[root@node1 zk]# clear
[root@node1 zk]# ls
zookeeper  zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
[root@node1 zk]# cp -R zookeeper zookeeper2
[root@node1 zk]# cp -R zookeeper zookeeper3
[root@node1 zk]# jps
4372 Jps
4325 QuorumPeerMain
[root@node1 zk]# kill -9 4325
[root@node1 zk]# jps
4381 Jps

[root@node1 zk]# echo 1 > zookeeper/zkdata/myid
[root@node1 zk]# echo 2 > zookeeper2/zkdata/myid
[root@node1 zk]# echo 3 > zookeeper3/zkdata/myid

[root@node1 zk]# echo 2 > zookeeper2/zkdata/myid
[root@node1 zk]# cat  zookeeper3/zkdata/myid
3
[root@node1 zk]# cat  zookeeper2/zkdata/myid
2
[root@node1 zk]# cat  zookeeper/zkdata/myid
1
[root@node1 zk]#

啟動驗證
/opt/zk/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start-foreground
/opt/zk/hadoop/zookeeper2/bin/zkServer.sh start-foreground
/opt/zk/hadoop/zookeeper3/bin/zkServer.sh start-foreground
啟用成功后，輸入 jps 看下進程

三、分布式安裝

修改單機安裝的zoo.cfg文件，如下圖所示，因為是分布式安裝，所以下圖表紅色部分，只需要修改對應的IP地址即可[root@node1 conf]# vi zoo.cfg
# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
dataDir=../zkdata
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

server.1=192.168.1.1:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.1.2:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.1.3:2888:3888
~

步驟二、通過Scp命令分發文件到其余兩臺機器上面

步驟三、修改各自的myid文件，必須和zoo.cfg里面配置的server.1=192.168.1.1數字和IP對應起來

[root@node1 zk]# echo 1 > zookeeper/zkdata/myid

步驟四、啟動驗證/opt/zk/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start-foreground

四、Zookeeper監聽三個端口

2181：用來監聽zookeeper客戶端連接

2888：如果是領導者, 用來監聽跟隨者連接

3888：用來在選舉領導者階段, 用來監聽其他服務器的連接.

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