NIO Socket非阻塞模式是什么

本篇內容主要講解“NIO Socket非阻塞模式是什么”，感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷，實用性強。下面就讓小編來帶大家學習“NIO Socket非阻塞模式是什么”吧!

NIO主要原理和適用

NIO 有一個主要的類Selector,這個類似一個觀察者，只要我們把需要探知的socketchannel告訴Selector,我們接著做別的事情，當有 事件發生時，他會通知我們，傳回一組SelectionKey,我們讀取這些Key,就會獲得我們剛剛注冊過的socketchannel,然后，我們從 這個Channel中讀取數據，放心，包準能夠讀到，接著我們可以處理這些數據。

Selector內部原理實際是在做一個對所注冊的channel的輪詢訪問，不斷的輪詢(目前就這一個算法)，一旦輪詢到一個channel有所注冊的事情發生，比如數據來了，他就會站起來報告，交出一把鑰匙，讓我們通過這把鑰匙來讀取這個channel的內容。

jdk供的無阻塞I/O（NIO）有效解決了多線程服務器存在的線程開銷問題，但在使用上略顯得復雜一些。在NIO中使用多線程，主要目的已不是為了應對 每個客戶端請求而分配獨立的服務線程，而是通過多線程充分使用用多個CPU的處理能力和處理中的等待時間，達到提高服務能力的目的。

這段時間在研究NIO，寫篇博客來記住學過的東西。還是從最簡單的Hello World開始，client多線程請求server端，server接收client的名字，并返回Hello! ＋名字的字符格式給client。當然實際應用并不這么簡單，實際可能是訪問文件或者數據庫獲取信息返回給client。非阻塞的NIO有何神秘之處？

代 碼：

1）server端代碼

public class HelloWorldServer {        static int BLOCK = 1024;       static String name = "";       protected Selector selector;       protected ByteBuffer clientBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(BLOCK);       protected CharsetDecoder decoder;       static CharsetEncoder encoder = Charset.forName("GB2312").newEncoder();        public HelloWorldServer(int port) throws IOException {           selector = this.getSelector(port);           Charset charset = Charset.forName("GB2312");           decoder = charset.newDecoder();       }        // 獲取Selector       protected Selector getSelector(int port) throws IOException {           ServerSocketChannel server = ServerSocketChannel.open();           Selector sel = Selector.open();           server.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));           server.configureBlocking(false);           server.register(sel, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);           return sel;       }        // 監聽端口       public void listen() {           try {               for (;;) {                   selector.select();                   Iterator iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();                   while (iter.hasNext()) {                       SelectionKey key = (SelectionKey) iter.next();                       iter.remove();                       process(key);                   }               }           } catch (IOException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           }       }        // 處理事件       protected void process(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {           if (key.isAcceptable()) { // 接收請求               ServerSocketChannel server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();               SocketChannel channel = server.accept();               //設置非阻塞模式               channel.configureBlocking(false);               channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);           } else if (key.isReadable()) { // 讀信息               SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();               int count = channel.read(clientBuffer);               if (count > 0) {                   clientBuffer.flip();                   CharBuffer charBuffer = decoder.decode(clientBuffer);                   name = charBuffer.toString();                   // System.out.println(name);                   SelectionKey sKey = channel.register(selector,                           SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);                   sKey.attach(name);               } else {                   channel.close();               }                clientBuffer.clear();           } else if (key.isWritable()) { // 寫事件               SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();               String name = (String) key.attachment();                              ByteBuffer block = encoder.encode(CharBuffer                       .wrap("Hello !" + name));                               channel.write(block);                //channel.close();            }       }        public static void main(String[] args) {           int port = 8888;           try {               HelloWorldServer server = new HelloWorldServer(port);               System.out.println("listening on " + port);                              server.listen();                          } catch (IOException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           }       }   }

2）client端代碼

public class HelloWorldClient {        static int SIZE = 10;       static InetSocketAddress ip = new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8888);       static CharsetEncoder encoder = Charset.forName("GB2312").newEncoder();        static class Message implements Runnable {           protected String name;           String msg = "";            public Message(String index) {               this.name = index;           }            public void run() {               try {                   long start = System.currentTimeMillis();                   //打開Socket通道                   SocketChannel client = SocketChannel.open();                   //設置為非阻塞模式                   client.configureBlocking(false);                   //打開選擇器                   Selector selector = Selector.open();                   //注冊連接服務端socket動作                   client.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);                   //連接                   client.connect(ip);                   //分配內存                   ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(8 * 1024);                   int total = 0;                    _FOR: for (;;) {                       selector.select();                       Iterator iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();                        while (iter.hasNext()) {                           SelectionKey key = (SelectionKey) iter.next();                           iter.remove();                           if (key.isConnectable()) {                               SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key                                       .channel();                               if (channel.isConnectionPending())                                   channel.finishConnect();                               channel                                       .write(encoder                                               .encode(CharBuffer.wrap(name)));                                channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);                           } else if (key.isReadable()) {                               SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key                                       .channel();                               int count = channel.read(buffer);                               if (count > 0) {                                   total += count;                                   buffer.flip();                                    while (buffer.remaining() > 0) {                                       byte b = buffer.get();                                       msg += (char) b;                                                                          }                                    buffer.clear();                               } else {                                   client.close();                                   break _FOR;                               }                           }                       }                   }                   double last = (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) * 1.0 / 1000;                   System.out.println(msg + "used time :" + last + "s.");                   msg = "";               } catch (IOException e) {                   e.printStackTrace();               }           }       }        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {                  String names[] = new String[SIZE];            for (int index = 0; index < SIZE; index++) {               names[index] = "jeff[" + index + "]";               new Thread(new Message(names[index])).start();           }              }   }

到此，相信大家對“NIO Socket非阻塞模式是什么”有了更深的了解，不妨來實際操作一番吧！這里是億速云網站，更多相關內容可以進入相關頻道進行查詢，關注我們，繼續學習！