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這期內容當中小編將會給大家帶來有關使用shrio實現認證的過程有哪些,文章內容豐富且以專業的角度為大家分析和敘述,閱讀完這篇文章希望大家可以有所收獲。
shrio是一個比較輕量級的安全框架,主要的作用是在后端承擔認證和授權的工作。今天就講一下shrio進行認證的一個過程。
首先先介紹一下在認證過程中的幾個關鍵的對象:
Subject:主體
訪問系統的用戶,主體可以是用戶、程序等,進行認證的都稱為主體;
Principal:身份信息
是主體(subject)進行身份認證的標識,標識必須具有唯一性,如用戶名、手機號、郵箱地址等,一個主體可以有多個身份,但是必須有一個主身份(Primary Principal)。
credential:憑證信息
是只有主體自己知道的安全信息,如密碼、證書等。
接著我們就進入認證的具體過程:
首先是從前端的登錄表單中接收到用戶輸入的token(username + password):
@RequestMapping("/login") public String login(@RequestBody Map user){ Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(user.get("email").toString(), user.get("password").toString()); try { subject.login(usernamePasswordToken); } catch (UnknownAccountException e) { return "郵箱不存在!"; } catch (AuthenticationException e) { return "賬號或密碼錯誤!"; } return "登錄成功!"; }
這里的usernamePasswordToken(以下簡稱token)就是用戶名和密碼的一個結合對象,然后調用subject的login方法將token傳入開始認證過程。
接著會發現subject的login方法調用的其實是securityManager的login方法:
Subject subject = securityManager.login(this, token);
再往下看securityManager的login方法內部:
public Subject login(Subject subject, AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { AuthenticationInfo info; try { info = authenticate(token); } catch (AuthenticationException ae) { try { onFailedLogin(token, ae, subject); } catch (Exception e) { if (log.isInfoEnabled()) { log.info("onFailedLogin method threw an " + "exception. Logging and propagating original AuthenticationException.", e); } } throw ae; //propagate } Subject loggedIn = createSubject(token, info, subject); onSuccessfulLogin(token, info, loggedIn); return loggedIn; }
上面代碼的關鍵在于:
info = authenticate(token);
即將token傳入authenticate方法中得到一個AuthenticationInfo類型的認證信息。
以下是authenticate方法的具體內容:
public final AuthenticationInfo authenticate(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { if (token == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Method argument (authentication token) cannot be null."); } log.trace("Authentication attempt received for token [{}]", token); AuthenticationInfo info; try { info = doAuthenticate(token); if (info == null) { String msg = "No account information found for authentication token [" + token + "] by this " + "Authenticator instance. Please check that it is configured correctly."; throw new AuthenticationException(msg); } } catch (Throwable t) { AuthenticationException ae = null; if (t instanceof AuthenticationException) { ae = (AuthenticationException) t; } if (ae == null) { //Exception thrown was not an expected AuthenticationException. Therefore it is probably a little more //severe or unexpected. So, wrap in an AuthenticationException, log to warn, and propagate: String msg = "Authentication failed for token submission [" + token + "]. Possible unexpected " + "error? (Typical or expected login exceptions should extend from AuthenticationException)."; ae = new AuthenticationException(msg, t); if (log.isWarnEnabled()) log.warn(msg, t); } try { notifyFailure(token, ae); } catch (Throwable t2) { if (log.isWarnEnabled()) { String msg = "Unable to send notification for failed authentication attempt - listener error?. " + "Please check your AuthenticationListener implementation(s). Logging sending exception " + "and propagating original AuthenticationException instead..."; log.warn(msg, t2); } } throw ae; } log.debug("Authentication successful for token [{}]. Returned account [{}]", token, info); notifySuccess(token, info); return info; }
首先就是判斷token是否為空,不為空再將token傳入doAuthenticate方法中:
protected AuthenticationInfo doAuthenticate(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { assertRealmsConfigured(); Collection<Realm> realms = getRealms(); if (realms.size() == 1) { return doSingleRealmAuthentication(realms.iterator().next(), authenticationToken); } else { return doMultiRealmAuthentication(realms, authenticationToken); } }
這一步是判斷是有單個Reaml驗證還是多個Reaml驗證,單個就執行doSingleRealmAuthentication()方法,多個就執行doMultiRealmAuthentication()方法。
一般情況下是單個驗證:
protected AuthenticationInfo doSingleRealmAuthentication(Realm realm, AuthenticationToken token) { if (!realm.supports(token)) { String msg = "Realm [" + realm + "] does not support authentication token [" + token + "]. Please ensure that the appropriate Realm implementation is " + "configured correctly or that the realm accepts AuthenticationTokens of this type."; throw new UnsupportedTokenException(msg); } AuthenticationInfo info = realm.getAuthenticationInfo(token); if (info == null) { String msg = "Realm [" + realm + "] was unable to find account data for the " + "submitted AuthenticationToken [" + token + "]."; throw new UnknownAccountException(msg); } return info; }
這一步中首先判斷是否支持Realm,只有支持Realm才調用realm.getAuthenticationInfo(token)獲取info。
public final AuthenticationInfo getAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException { AuthenticationInfo info = getCachedAuthenticationInfo(token); if (info == null) { //otherwise not cached, perform the lookup: info = doGetAuthenticationInfo(token); log.debug("Looked up AuthenticationInfo [{}] from doGetAuthenticationInfo", info); if (token != null && info != null) { cacheAuthenticationInfoIfPossible(token, info); } } else { log.debug("Using cached authentication info [{}] to perform credentials matching.", info); } if (info != null) { assertCredentialsMatch(token, info); } else { log.debug("No AuthenticationInfo found for submitted AuthenticationToken [{}]. Returning null.", token); } return info; }
首先查看Cache中是否有該token的info,如果有,則直接從Cache中去即可。如果是第一次登錄,則Cache中不會有該token的info,需要調用doGetAuthenticationInfo(token)方法獲取,并將結果加入到Cache中,方便下次使用。而這里調用的doGetAuthenticationInfo()方法就是我們在自己重寫的方法,具體的內容是自定義了對拿到的這個token的一個處理的過程:
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException { if (authenticationToken.getPrincipal() == null) return null; String email = authenticationToken.getPrincipal().toString(); User user = userService.findByEmail(email); if (user == null) return null; else return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(email, user.getPassword(), getName()); }
這其中進行了幾步判斷:首先是判斷傳入的用戶名是否為空,在判斷傳入的用戶名在本地的數據庫中是否存在,不存在則返回一個用戶名不存在的Exception。以上兩部通過之后生成一個包括傳入用戶名和密碼的info,注意此時關于用戶名的驗證已經完成,接下來進入對密碼的驗證。
將這一步得到的info返回給getAuthenticationInfo方法中的
assertCredentialsMatch(token, info);
此時的info是正確的用戶名和密碼的信息,token是輸入的用戶名和密碼的信息,經過前面步驟的驗證過程,用戶名此時已經是真是存在的了,這一步就是驗證輸入的用戶名和密碼的對應關系是否正確。
protected void assertCredentialsMatch(AuthenticationToken token, AuthenticationInfo info) throws AuthenticationException { CredentialsMatcher cm = getCredentialsMatcher(); if (cm != null) { if (!cm.doCredentialsMatch(token, info)) { //not successful - throw an exception to indicate this: String msg = "Submitted credentials for token [" + token + "] did not match the expected credentials."; throw new IncorrectCredentialsException(msg); } } else { throw new AuthenticationException("A CredentialsMatcher must be configured in order to verify " + "credentials during authentication. If you do not wish for credentials to be examined, you " + "can configure an " + AllowAllCredentialsMatcher.class.getName() + " instance."); } }
上述就是小編為大家分享的使用shrio實現認證的過程有哪些了,如果剛好有類似的疑惑,不妨參照上述分析進行理解。如果想知道更多相關知識,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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