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Part1:寫在最前
MySQL本身并不像MariaDB和Percona一樣提供審計功能,但如果我們想對數據庫進行審計,去看是誰把我的數據庫數據給刪了,該怎么辦呢?我們主要利用init-connect參數,讓每個登錄的用戶都記錄到我們的數據庫中,并抓取其connection_id(),再根據binlog就能夠找出誰干了那些破事兒。
MariaDB如何審計,可移步:
http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1857594
Part1:創建所需庫
[root@HE3 telegraf]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 859 Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> create database auditdb; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Part2:創建所需表
[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 266 Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use auditdb; Database changed mysql> CREATE TABLE accesslog ( -> ID INT (10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY auto_increment, -> ConnectionID INT (10) UNSIGNED, -> ConnUser VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', -> MatchUser VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', -> LoginTime datetime -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Part3:在my.cnf中添加
init-connect='Insert into auditdb.accesslog(ConnectionID ,ConnUser ,MatchUser ,LoginTime)values(connection_id(),user(),current_user(),now());'
并重啟數據庫
[root@HE3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
Part1:環境
[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 266 Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use auditdb; mysql> use helei; Database changed mysql> select * from t1; +----+ | id | +----+ | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | | 8 | | 9 | +----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Part2:用不同用戶登錄操作
[root@HE3 telegraf]# mysql -uhelei -pMANAGER mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 185 Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use helei; Database changed mysql> select * from t1; +----+ | id | +----+ | 2 | | 3 | | 4 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | | 8 | | 9 | +----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from t1 where id = 2; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from t1 where id = 4; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) [root@HE3 telegraf]# mysql -uyuhao -pMANAGER mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 185 Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use helei; Database changed mysql> select * from t1; +----+ | id | +----+ | 3 | | 5 | | 6 | | 7 | | 8 | | 9 | +----+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from t1 where id = 3; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Part3:查看用戶ID
mysql> select * from accesslog; +----+--------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | ID | ConnectionID | ConnUser | MatchUser | LoginTime | +----+--------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | 10 | helei@localhost | helei@% | 2016-12-08 19:07:49 | | 2 | 19 | helei@localhost | helei@% | 2016-12-08 19:08:44 | | 3 | 125 | helei@localhost | helei@% | 2016-12-08 19:24:46 | | 4 | 128 | yuhao@localhost | yuhao@% | 2016-12-08 19:25:01 | | 5 | 182 | helei@localhost | helei@% | 2016-12-08 19:33:02 | | 6 | 185 | yuhao@localhost | yuhao@% | 2016-12-08 19:33:20 | +----+--------------+-----------------+-----------+---------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Part4:binlog日志對比
這里可以看到t1表的id=2和id=4列是由thread_id=182用戶刪掉的,也就是helei用戶
#161208 19:33:39 server id 1250 end_log_pos 5275 CRC32 0x2ae798a9 Query thread_id=182 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1481254419/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 5275 #161208 19:33:39 server id 1250 end_log_pos 5324 CRC32 0x2cf42817 Rows_query # delete from t1 where id=2 #161208 19:34:07 server id 1250 end_log_pos 5885 CRC32 0x947106d4 Query thread_id=182 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1481254447/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 5885 #161208 19:34:07 server id 1250 end_log_pos 5934 CRC32 0xfe1eb7fc Rows_query # delete from t1 where id=4
這里可以看到t1表的id=3列是由thread_id=185用戶刪掉的,也就是yuhao用戶
#161208 19:33:49 server id 1250 end_log_pos 5579 CRC32 0x5f8d9879 Query thread_id=185 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1481254429/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 5579 #161208 19:33:49 server id 1250 end_log_pos 5630 CRC32 0x71feeadc Rows_query # delete from t1 where id = 3
參考資料:
http://dbspace.blog.51cto.com/6873717/1881053
——總結——
審計多多少少會影響數據庫的性能,能不開盡量不開。另外開啟審計數據庫用戶要實名制或者一對一,以免干了壞事兒的人賴賬~由于筆者的水平有限,編寫時間也很倉促,文中難免會出現一些錯誤或者不準確的地方,不妥之處懇請讀者批評指正。
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