Android中怎么實現藍牙設備檢測連接

Android中怎么實現藍牙設備檢測連接，針對這個問題，這篇文章詳細介紹了相對應的分析和解答，希望可以幫助更多想解決這個問題的小伙伴找到更簡單易行的方法。

Android為藍牙技術提供了4個工具類，分別是藍牙適配器BluetoothAdapter、藍牙設備BluetoothDevice、藍牙服務端套接字BluetoothServerSocket和藍牙客戶端套接字BluetoothSocket。

藍牙適配器BluetoothAdapter

BluetoothAdapter的作用其實跟其它的**Manger差不多，可以把它當作藍牙管理器。下面是BluetoothAdapter的常用方法說明。

getDefaultAdapter：靜態方法，獲取默認的藍牙適配器對象；enable：打開藍牙功能；disable：關閉藍牙功能；isEnable：判斷藍牙功能是否打開；startDiscovery：開始搜索周圍的藍牙設備；cancelDiscovery：取消搜索操作；isDiscovering：判斷當前是否正在搜索設備；getBondedDevices：獲取已綁定的設備列表；setName：設置本機的藍牙名稱；getName：獲取本機的藍牙名稱；getAddress：獲取本機的藍牙地址；getRemoteDevice：根據藍牙地址獲取遠程的藍牙設備；getState：獲取本地藍牙適配器的狀態；listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord：根據名稱和UUID創建并返回BluetoothServiceSocket；listenUsingRfcommOn：根據渠道編號創建并返回BluetoothServiceSocket。

藍牙設備BluetoothDevice

BluetoothDevice用于指代某個藍牙設備，通常表示對方設備。BluetoothAdapter管理的是本機藍牙設備。下面是BluetoothDevice的常用方法說明。

getName：獲得該設備的名稱；  getAddress：獲得該設備的地址；  getBondState：獲得該設備的綁定狀態；  createBond：創建匹配對象；  createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord：根據UUID創建并返回一個BluetoothSocket。

藍牙服務器套接字BluetoothServiceSocket

BluetoothServiceSocket是服務端的Socket，用來接收客戶端的Socket連接請求。下面是常用的方法說明。

accept：監聽外部的藍牙連接請求；close：關閉服務端的藍牙監聽。

藍牙客戶端套接字BluetoothSocket

BluetoothSocket是客戶端的Socket，用于與對方設備進行數據通信。下面是常用的方法說明。

connect：建立藍牙的socket連接；  close：關閉藍牙的socket連接；  getInputStream：獲取socket連接的輸入流對象；  getOutputStream：獲取socket連接的輸出流對象；  getRemoteDevice：獲取遠程設備信息。

layout\activity_bluetooth.xml界面布局代碼如下：界面布局代碼如下：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:orientation="vertical"  android:padding="5dp">  <LinearLayout    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:orientation="horizontal">    <CheckBox      android:id="@+id/ck_bluetooth"      android:layout_width="wrap_content"      android:layout_height="wrap_content"      android:button="@null"      android:checked="false"      android:drawableLeft="@drawable/ck_status_selector"      android:text="藍牙"      android:textColor="#ff000000"      android:textSize="17sp" />    <TextView      android:id="@+id/tv_discovery"      android:layout_width="0dp"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:layout_weight="1"      android:gravity="right|center"      android:textColor="#ff000000"      android:textSize="17sp" />  </LinearLayout>  <LinearLayout    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="40dp"    android:orientation="horizontal">    <TextView      android:layout_width="0dp"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:layout_weight="4"      android:gravity="center"      android:text="名稱"      android:textColor="#ff000000"      android:textSize="17sp" />    <TextView      android:layout_width="0dp"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:layout_weight="5"      android:gravity="center"      android:text="地址"      android:textColor="#ff000000"      android:textSize="17sp" />    <TextView      android:layout_width="0dp"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:layout_weight="2"      android:gravity="center"      android:text="狀態"      android:textColor="#ff000000"      android:textSize="17sp" />  </LinearLayout>  <ListView    android:id="@+id/lv_bluetooth"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" /></LinearLayout>

BluetoothActivity.java邏輯代碼如下：

package com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest;import java.io.IOException;import java.lang.reflect.Method;import java.util.ArrayList;import android.app.AlertDialog;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.support.annotation.NonNull;import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.CheckBox;import android.widget.CompoundButton;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.adapter.BlueListAdapter;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.bean.BlueDevice;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueAcceptTask;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueConnectTask;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueReceiveTask;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.util.BluetoothUtil;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.widget.InputDialogFragment;public class BluetoothActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements    OnClickListener, OnItemClickListener, OnCheckedChangeListener,    BlueConnectTask.BlueConnectListener, InputDialogFragment.InputCallbacks, BlueAcceptTask.BlueAcceptListener {  private static final String TAG = "BluetoothActivity";  private CheckBox ck_bluetooth;  private TextView tv_discovery;  private ListView lv_bluetooth;  private BluetoothAdapter mBluetooth;  private ArrayList<BlueDevice> mDeviceList = new ArrayList<BlueDevice>();  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_bluetooth);    bluetoothPermissions();    ck_bluetooth = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.ck_bluetooth);    tv_discovery = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_discovery);    lv_bluetooth = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_bluetooth);    if (BluetoothUtil.getBlueToothStatus(this) == true) {      ck_bluetooth.setChecked(true);    }    ck_bluetooth.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);    tv_discovery.setOnClickListener(this);    mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    if (mBluetooth == null) {      Toast.makeText(this, "本機未找到藍牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      finish();    }  }  // 定義獲取基于地理位置的動態權限  private void bluetoothPermissions() {    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)        != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {      ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{          android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 1);    }  }  /**   * 重寫onRequestPermissionsResult方法   * 獲取動態權限請求的結果,再開啟藍牙   */  @Override  public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {    if (requestCode == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {      if (BluetoothUtil.getBlueToothStatus(this) == true) {        ck_bluetooth.setChecked(true);      }      ck_bluetooth.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);      tv_discovery.setOnClickListener(this);      mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();      if (mBluetooth == null) {        Toast.makeText(this, "本機未找到藍牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        finish();      }    } else {      Toast.makeText(this, "用戶拒絕了權限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);  }  @Override  public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {    if (buttonView.getId() == R.id.ck_bluetooth) {      if (isChecked == true) {        beginDiscovery();        Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);        startActivityForResult(intent, 1);        // 下面這行代碼為服務端需要，客戶端不需要        mHandler.postDelayed(mAccept, 1000);      } else {        cancelDiscovery();        BluetoothUtil.setBlueToothStatus(this, false);        mDeviceList.clear();        BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(this, mDeviceList);        lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);      }    }  }  private Runnable mAccept = new Runnable() {    @Override    public void run() {      if (mBluetooth.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) {        BlueAcceptTask acceptTask = new BlueAcceptTask(true);        acceptTask.setBlueAcceptListener(BluetoothActivity.this);        acceptTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);      } else {        mHandler.postDelayed(this, 1000);      }    }  };  @Override  public void onClick(View v) {    if (v.getId() == R.id.tv_discovery) {      beginDiscovery();    }  }  @Override  protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);    if (requestCode == 1) {      if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {        Toast.makeText(this, "允許本地藍牙被附近的其它藍牙設備發現", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {        Toast.makeText(this, "不允許藍牙被附近的其它藍牙設備發現", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      }    }  }  private Runnable mRefresh = new Runnable() {    @Override    public void run() {      beginDiscovery();      mHandler.postDelayed(this, 2000);    }  };  private void beginDiscovery() {    if (mBluetooth.isDiscovering() != true) {      mDeviceList.clear();      BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(BluetoothActivity.this, mDeviceList);      lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);      tv_discovery.setText("正在搜索藍牙設備");      mBluetooth.startDiscovery();    }  }  private void cancelDiscovery() {    mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRefresh);    tv_discovery.setText("取消搜索藍牙設備");    if (mBluetooth.isDiscovering() == true) {      mBluetooth.cancelDiscovery();    }  }  @Override  protected void onStart() {    super.onStart();    mHandler.postDelayed(mRefresh, 50);    blueReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();    //需要過濾多個動作，則調用IntentFilter對象的addAction添加新動作    IntentFilter foundFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);    foundFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);    foundFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);    registerReceiver(blueReceiver, foundFilter);  }  @Override  protected void onStop() {    super.onStop();    cancelDiscovery();    unregisterReceiver(blueReceiver);  }  private BluetoothReceiver blueReceiver;  private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {      String action = intent.getAction();      Log.d(TAG, "onReceive action=" + action);      // 獲得已經搜索到的藍牙設備      if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND)) {        BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);        BlueDevice item = new BlueDevice(device.getName(), device.getAddress(), device.getBondState() - 10);        mDeviceList.add(item);        BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(BluetoothActivity.this, mDeviceList);        lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);        lv_bluetooth.setOnItemClickListener(BluetoothActivity.this);      } else if (action.equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED)) {        mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRefresh);        tv_discovery.setText("藍牙設備搜索完成");      } else if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)) {        BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);        if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {          tv_discovery.setText("正在配對" + device.getName());        } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {          tv_discovery.setText("完成配對" + device.getName());          mHandler.postDelayed(mRefresh, 50);        } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {          tv_discovery.setText("取消配對" + device.getName());        }      }    }  }  @Override  public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {    cancelDiscovery();    BlueDevice item = mDeviceList.get(position);    BluetoothDevice device = mBluetooth.getRemoteDevice(item.address);    try {      if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {        Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");        Log.d(TAG, "開始配對");        Boolean result = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);      } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED &&          item.state != BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED) {        tv_discovery.setText("開始連接");        BlueConnectTask connectTask = new BlueConnectTask(item.address);        connectTask.setBlueConnectListener(this);        connectTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, device);      } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED &&          item.state == BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED) {        tv_discovery.setText("正在發送消息");        InputDialogFragment dialog = InputDialogFragment.newInstance(            "", 0, "請輸入要發送的消息");        String fragTag = getResources().getString(R.string.app_name);        dialog.show(getFragmentManager(), fragTag);      }    } catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();      tv_discovery.setText("配對異常：" + e.getMessage());    }  }  //向對方發送消息  @Override  public void onInput(String title, String message, int type) {    Log.d(TAG, "onInput message=" + message);    Log.d(TAG, "mBlueSocket is " + (mBlueSocket == null ? "null" : "not null"));    BluetoothUtil.writeOutputStream(mBlueSocket, message);  }  private BluetoothSocket mBlueSocket;  //客戶端主動連接  @Override  public void onBlueConnect(String address, BluetoothSocket socket) {    mBlueSocket = socket;    tv_discovery.setText("連接成功");    refreshAddress(address);  }  //刷新已連接的狀態  private void refreshAddress(String address) {    for (int i = 0; i < mDeviceList.size(); i++) {      BlueDevice item = mDeviceList.get(i);      if (item.address.equals(address) == true) {        item.state = BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED;        mDeviceList.set(i, item);      }    }    BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(this, mDeviceList);    lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);  }  //服務端偵聽到連接  @Override  public void onBlueAccept(BluetoothSocket socket) {    Log.d(TAG, "onBlueAccept socket is " + (socket == null ? "null" : "not null"));    if (socket != null) {      mBlueSocket = socket;      BluetoothDevice device = mBlueSocket.getRemoteDevice();      refreshAddress(device.getAddress());      BlueReceiveTask receive = new BlueReceiveTask(mBlueSocket, mHandler);      receive.start();    }  }  //收到對方發來的消息  private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {    @Override    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {      if (msg.what == 0) {        byte[] readBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj;        String readMessage = new String(readBuf, 0, msg.arg1);        Log.d(TAG, "handleMessage readMessage=" + readMessage);        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(BluetoothActivity.this);        builder.setTitle("我收到消息啦").setMessage(readMessage).setPositiveButton("確定", null);        builder.create().show();      }    }  };  @Override  protected void onDestroy() {    super.onDestroy();    if (mBlueSocket != null) {      try {        mBlueSocket.close();      } catch (IOException e) {        e.printStackTrace();      }    }  }}

添加藍牙所需的相應權限：

<!-- 藍牙 -->  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />  <!--基于地理位置-->  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

關于Android中怎么實現藍牙設備檢測連接問題的解答就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，如果你還有很多疑惑沒有解開，可以關注億速云行業資訊頻道了解更多相關知識。