mysql數據庫AB復制如何配置

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使用倆臺mysql服務器實現AB，主從復制。
 
一、在主ＭＡＳＴＥＲ服務器配置
 
MASTER  172.16.1.3
BACKUP 172.16.1.2
 
 １、編輯my.cnf文件
 #在原有基礎上添加這倆行
 
[root@zhaoyun ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=/mysql/bin    #開啟binlog
server-id=1               ＃配置不和另一臺重復就行
２、重啟服務
[root@zhaoyun ~]# service mysqld restart
停止MySQL：[確定]
啟動MySQL：[確定]
３、授權用戶
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to zhaoyun@172.16.1.2 identified by '123456'
[root@zhaoyun ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.0.77-log Source distribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql>
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to zhaoyun@172.16.1.2 identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)
mysql>
4、在B服務器測試是否可以登錄
[root@BACKUP ~]# mysql -uzhaoyun -p123456 -h272.16.1.3
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.0.77-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show grants ;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for zhaoyun@172.16.1.2                                                                     |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'zhaoyun'@'172.16.1.2' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '565491d704013245' |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5、查看master的狀態
mysql> show master status ;
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File       | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| bin.000001 |      315  |              |                  |
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
file字段是master的binlog文件名，position是binlog的節點。
二、配置BACKUP
1、編輯配置文件my.cnf,添加4行。
[mysqld]
server-id=2
master-host=172.16.1.3    #MASTER服務器的ip地址
master-user=zhaoyun      #連接MASTER服務器的用戶名
master-password=123456  #密碼
2、重啟服務
[root@BACKUP ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:  [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:  [  OK  ]
3、重啟服務后會在目錄下生成幾個文件
[root@BACKUP ]# ls
         ib_logfile1  mysqld-relay-bin.000001  mysqld-relay-bin.index  test
ibdata1      master.info   mysql.sock
ib_logfile0  mysql         relay-log.info
[root@BACKUP mysql]# pwd
/var/lib/mysql
mysqld-relay-bin.000001  #binload文件，從master復制而來
mysqld-relay-bin.index   #binload的信息
master.info      #master信息
 relay-log.info   #中繼日志信息
4、查看slave的狀態
[root@BACKUP ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.0.77 Source distribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> show slave status \G ;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                Master_Host: 172.16.1.3
                Master_User: zhaoyun
                Master_Port: 3306
              Connect_Retry: 60
            Master_Log_File: mysqld-bin.000001
        Read_Master_Log_Pos: 315
             Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
              Relay_Log_Pos: 453
      Relay_Master_Log_File: mysqld-bin.000001
           Slave_IO_Running: Yes
          Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
            Replicate_Do_DB:
        Replicate_Ignore_DB:
         Replicate_Do_Table:
     Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                 Last_Errno: 0
                 Last_Error:
               Skip_Counter: 0
        Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 315
            Relay_Log_Space: 453
            Until_Condition: None
             Until_Log_File:
              Until_Log_Pos: 0
         Master_SSL_Allowed: No
         Master_SSL_CA_File:
         Master_SSL_CA_Path:
            Master_SSL_Cert:
          Master_SSL_Cipher:
             Master_SSL_Key:
      Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
#這個是主服務的binlog文件的狀態，如果出現IO是NO的話，需檢查這倆個文件的狀態。
      Master_Log_File: mysqld-bin.000001
       Read_Master_Log_Pos: 315
 
 #這倆條是slave的IO進程，和SQL進程的狀態，AB復制的服務只有都為yes時才可用。
 
    Slave_IO_Running: YES
   Slave_SQL_Running: YES
#IO進程為NO可以將BACKUP的數據文件刪除，重啟服務重新同步就行了。
 
5、到現在配置基本完成
 
三、創建一個表進行測試，是否同步成功。
1、在master上創建。
mysql> create database master ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use master
Database changed
mysql> create table master(id int,name char(5));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 se
2、在backup查看
[root@BACKUP ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.0.77 Source distribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> show database ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases ;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| master             |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use master
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables ;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_master |
+------------------+
| master           |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
可以看到數據已經同步過來了。到此實驗成功。
 
故障排除：
 
IO 等于NO ： 需要檢查節點和binlog文件名是否和在master看到的一致，如果不一致可以手動改寫
命令
先停止slave服務
mysql>slave stop;
mysql>change master to master_log_file="在master看到的binlog文件名";
mysql>change master to master_log_pos=100; 這個數字是在master看到的。
mysql>slave start ;
mysql> show master status ;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysqld-bin.000001 |      507 |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
SQL等于NO，可以試著刪除幾個文件重啟服務重新同步
mysqld-relay-bin.000001  #binload文件，從master復制而來
mysqld-relay-bin.index   #binload的信息
master.info      #master信息
 relay-log.info   #中繼日志信息

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