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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關Oracle RAC之環境準備的示例分析的內容。小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
本次安裝選擇VMmare Workstation 10.0.1 ，創建四臺虛擬機。如下：
Openfiler （openfileresa-2.99.1-x86_64）
| 機器名 | IP地址 | ||
| openfiler.localdomain.com | 192.168.199.219 | ||
RAC節點 （OracleLinux-R6-U4-Server-x86_64）
| 機器名 | Public-IP | Private-IP | VIP | |||
| 11grac1 | 192.168.199.10 | 192.168.10.10 | 192.168.199.20 | |||
| 11grac2 | 192.168.199.11 | 192.168.10.11 | 192.168.199.21 | |||
| 11grac3 | 192.168.199.12 | 192.168.10.12 | 192.168.199.22 | |||
三臺機器都配置/etc/hosts，內容如下
#node1 192.168.199.10 11grac1.localdomain.com 11grac1 192.168.199.20 11grac1-vip.localdomain.com 11grac1-vip 192.168.10.10 11grac1-priv.localdomain.com 11grac1-priv #node2 192.168.199.11 11grac2.localdomain.com 11grac2 192.168.199.21 11grac2-vip.localdomain.com 11grac2-vip 192.168.10.11 11grac2-priv.localdomain.com 11grac2-priv #node3 192.168.199.12 11grac3.localdomain.com 11grac3 192.168.199.22 11grac3-vip.localdomain.com 11grac3-vip 192.168.10.12 11grac3-priv.localdomain.com 11grac3-priv #scanip 192.168.199.30 scan-cluster.localdomain.com scan-cluster
2.三臺機器都關閉防火墻
chkconfig iptables off service iptables stop
3.關閉SeLinux
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=enforcing 改為 SELINUX=disabled
4.1 安裝rpm包
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ivh bind-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.0.2.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: bind-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.0.2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:bind ########################################### [100%]
4.2 編輯/etc/named.conf,替換成如下內容
options {
directory "/var/named";
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "named.loopback";
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.apra" IN {
type master;
file "named.localhost";
};
zone "localdomain.com" IN {
type master;
file "localdomain.com.zone";
};4.3 在/var/named/目錄下，新建localdomain.com.zone文件，內容如下
$TTL 1D $ORIGIN localdomain.com. @ IN SOA ns.localdomain.com. admin ( 0 ; serial 1D ; refresh 1H ; retry 1W ; expire 3H ) ; minimum IN NS ns ns IN A 172.168.199.12 11grac3 IN A 192.168.199.12 11grac1 IN A 192.168.199.10 11grac2 IN A 192.168.199.11 scan-cluster IN A 192.168.199.30
4.4 啟動DNS服務器
[root@11grac3 etc]# chkconfig named on [root@localhost named]# service named restart Stopping named: [ OK ] Starting named: [ OK ]
如果發生了錯誤，嘗試執行如下命令試試
[root@localhost named]# rndc-confgen -r /dev/urandom -a wrote key file "/etc/rndc.key"
4.5 修改各服務器dns指向
[root@localhost named]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
添加如下內容
search localdomain.com nameserver 192.168.199.12
注意：這樣設置完DNS后，網絡重啟后就失效啦。使用如下方法
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 #添加如下兩行 DNS1=192.168.199.12 DOMAIN=localdomain.com
重啟網絡，/etc/resolv.conf中將自動完成DNS的設置。
4.6 驗證dns
[root@localhost named]# nslookup 11grac1 Server: 192.168.199.12 Address: 192.168.199.12#53 Name: 11grac1.localdomain.com Address: 192.168.199.10 [root@localhost named]# nslookup 11grac2 Server: 192.168.199.12 Address: 192.168.199.12#53 Name: 11grac2.localdomain.com Address: 192.168.199.11 [root@localhost named]# nslookup 11grac3 Server: 192.168.199.12 Address: 192.168.199.12#53 Name: 11grac3.localdomain.com Address: 192.168.199.12 [root@localhost named]# nslookup scan-cluster Server: 192.168.199.12 Address: 192.168.199.12#53 Name: scan-cluster.localdomain.com Address: 192.168.199.30
5. 建立用戶、建立目錄、修改參數文件等 （腳本見附件）
[root@localhost scripts]# ./1preusers.sh [root@localhost scripts]# ./2predir.sh [root@localhost scripts]# ./3prelimits.sh [root@localhost scripts]# ./4prelogin.sh [root@localhost scripts]# ./5preprofile.sh [root@localhost scripts]# ./6presysctl.sh
6. 建立grid、oracle用戶的無密碼登錄
6.1 在三臺機器上都執行如下命令
[root@11grac1 scripts]# su - oracle 11grac1-> ssh-keygen -t rsa #后面都直接回車 Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/oracle/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 31:43:2d:7e:30:bb:c9:d9:d9:8a:01:a2:51:bc:8b:2d oracle@11grac1.localdomain.com The key's randomart p_w_picpath is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | . .. | | o .+ . | | . . .+= | | . o . o+. | | = o oS* o | | E o * o . | | . o . | | . . | | | +-----------------+
6.2 在三臺機器上執行如下命令
11grac1-> ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub 11grac1 The authenticity of host '11grac1 (192.168.199.10)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is cc:d0:c3:de:37:33:a7:cb:91:40:c5:5f:18:07:06:9f. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '11grac1,192.168.199.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@11grac1's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '11grac1'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. 11grac2-> ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub 11grac1 The authenticity of host '11grac1 (192.168.199.10)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is cc:d0:c3:de:37:33:a7:cb:91:40:c5:5f:18:07:06:9f. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '11grac1,192.168.199.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@11grac1's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '11grac1'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting. 11grac3-> ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub 11grac1 The authenticity of host '11grac1 (192.168.199.10)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is cc:d0:c3:de:37:33:a7:cb:91:40:c5:5f:18:07:06:9f. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '11grac1,192.168.199.10' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@11grac1's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '11grac1'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
6.3 以上命令會在11grac1的/home/oracle/.ssh目錄下生成authorized_keys，將該文件copy到其他兩機器上
11grac1-> scp authorized_keys 11grac2:/home/oracle/.ssh/ 11grac1-> scp authorized_keys 11grac3:/home/oracle/.ssh/
6.4 重復6.1~6.3步驟，生成grid用戶的無密碼驗證。
7. 驗證各節點必須直接是否能無密碼登錄
ssh 11grac1 date ssh 11grac2 date ssh 11grac3 date ssh 11grac3-priv date ssh 11grac2-priv date ssh 11grac1-priv date ssh 11grac1.localdomain.com date ssh 11grac2.localdomain.com date ssh 11grac3.localdomain.com date ssh 11grac3-priv.localdomain.com date ssh 11grac2-priv.localdomain.com date ssh 11grac1-priv.localdomain.com date
8. 掛載iscsi硬盤（每臺機器上都執行）
8.1 查找iscsi硬盤
[root@11grac1 scripts]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.199.219 192.168.199.219:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:fast_recover_area01 192.168.199.219:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_oradata01 192.168.199.219:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk03 192.168.199.219:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk02 192.168.199.219:3260,1 iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk01
8.2 設置開機自動掛載iscsi盤
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_oradata01 -p 192.168.199.219 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:fast_recover_area01 -p 192.168.199.219 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk01 -p 192.168.199.219 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk02 -p 192.168.199.219 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk03 -p 192.168.199.219 --op update -n node.startup -v automatic
9.創建asm磁盤
9.1 安裝oracleasm-support、oracleasmlib （三臺機器都執行）
注：因oracle linux已經將oracleasm內置到內核中了，所以無需安裝oracleasm的rpm包。如果使用非oracle Linux操作系統。請按裝kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm 包。
[root@11grac2 /]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [100%] [root@11grac2 /]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:oracleasmlib ########################################### [100%]
[root@11grac1 Packages]# oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmdba
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done9.2 將磁盤分區（只需單節點執行）
9.3 創建asm磁盤
[root@11grac1 ~]# ll /dev/disk/by-path/ ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:fast_recover_area01-lun-0 -> ../../sde ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:fast_recover_area01-lun-0-part1 -> ../../sde1 ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk01-lun-0 -> ../../sdb ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk01-lun-0-part1 -> ../../sdb1 ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk02-lun-0 -> ../../sdd ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk02-lun-0-part1 -> ../../sdd1 ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk03-lun-0 -> ../../sdc ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_ocrdisk03-lun-0-part1 -> ../../sdc1 ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_oradata01-lun-0 -> ../../sdf ip-192.168.199.219:3260-iscsi-iqn.2006-01.com.openfiler:rac_oradata01-lun-0-part1 -> ../../sdf1
注意以上iscsi磁盤與/dev/sd*的對應關系。
[root@11grac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk oradata /dev/sdf1 Writing disk header: done Instantiating disk: done [root@11grac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk fra /dev/sde1 Writing disk header: done Instantiating disk: done [root@11grac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ocr01 /dev/sdb1 Writing disk header: done Instantiating disk: done [root@11grac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ocr02 /dev/sdd1 Writing disk header: done Instantiating disk: done [root@11grac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk ocr03 /dev/sdc1
查看磁盤
[root@11grac1 ~]# oracleasm listdisks FRA OCR01 OCR02 OCR03 ORADATA [root@11grac1 ~]#
在另外兩臺機器上執行磁盤掃描操作
[root@11grac3 ~]# oracleasm scandisks Reloading disk partitions: done Cleaning any stale ASM disks... Scanning system for ASM disks... Instantiating disk "OCR01" Instantiating disk "OCR03" Instantiating disk "OCR02" Instantiating disk "FRA" Instantiating disk "ORADATA"
10. 禁用ntp時間同步服務
因為11g Clusterware中已經提供了時間同步服務，所以需要禁用ntp服務。
[root@11grac3 ~]# cd /etc/ [root@11grac3 etc]# mv ntp.conf ntp.conf.bak
感謝各位的閱讀！關于“Oracle RAC之環境準備的示例分析”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，讓大家可以學到更多知識，如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧！
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