您好,登錄后才能下訂單哦!
本篇文章給大家分享的是有關使用Mybatis實現自動映射,小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家學習,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲,話不多說,跟著小編一起來看看吧。
什么是自動映射?
介紹自動映射之前先看一下手動映射,如下:
<resultMap id="orderModelMap1" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel"> <id column="id" property="id"/> <result column="userId" property="userId" /> <result column="createTime" property="createTime" /> <result column="upTime" property="upTime" /> </resultMap> <select id="getById1" resultMap="orderModelMap1"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
注意上面的resultMap元素中有4行配置,如下:
<id column="id" property="id"/> <result column="userId" property="userId" /> <result column="createTime" property="createTime" /> <result column="upTime" property="upTime" />
這4行代碼用于配置sql結果的列和OrderModel對象中字段的映射關系。
大家有沒有注意到,映射規則中column和property元素的值都是一樣,mybatis中支持自動映射配置,當開啟自動映射之后,當sql的列名和Model中的字段名稱是一樣的時候(不區分大小寫),mybatis內部會進行自動映射,不需要我們手動去寫上面的4行映射規則。
下面我們將上面的示例改成自動映射的方式,如下:
<resultMap id="orderModelMap2" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel" autoMapping="true"> </resultMap> <select id="getById2" resultMap="orderModelMap2"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
注意上面的resultMap中的autoMapping屬性,是否開啟自動映射,我們設置為true,這樣mybatis會自動按照列名和Model中同名的字段進行映射賦值。
上面兩個配置最后查詢結果是一樣的,都會將查詢結果對應的4個字段的值自動賦值給OrderModel中同名的屬性。
自動映射開關
mybatis中自動映射主要有2種配置,一種是全局的配置,對應用中所有的resultMap起效,這個是在mybatis配置文件中進行設置的;另外一種是通過resultMap的autoMapping屬性進行配置。
mybatis判斷某個resultMap是否開啟自動映射配置的時候,會先查找自身的autoMapping屬性,如果這個屬性設置值了,就直接用這個屬性的值,如果resultMap元素的autoMapping屬性沒有配置,則走全局配置的自動映射規則。
下面我們來詳解介紹一下這款的內容。
mybatis自動映射全局配置
在mybatis全局配置文件中加入下面配置:
<settings> <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="自動映射規則"/> </settings>
autoMappingBehavior值來源于枚舉:org.apache.ibatis.session.AutoMappingBehavior,源碼:
public enum AutoMappingBehavior { /** * Disables auto-mapping. */ NONE, /** * Will only auto-map results with no nested result mappings defined inside. */ PARTIAL, /** * Will auto-map result mappings of any complexity (containing nested or otherwise). */ FULL }
小提示:settings元素中有很多配置,這些配置最后都會被解析成org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration的屬性,源碼位于org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder#settingsElement方法中。
下面我們來演示一下autoMappingBehavior每種配置的效果。
NONE
mybatis-config.xml加入配置
<settings> <!-- 關閉自動映射開關 --> <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="NONE"/> </settings>
OrderMapper.xml
<resultMap id="orderModelMap4" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel"> </resultMap> <select id="getById4" resultMap="orderModelMap4"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
OrderMapper.java加入
OrderModel getById4(int id);
測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById4 @Test public void getById4() throws IOException { this.before("demo7/mybatis-config1.xml"); try (SqlSession sqlSession = this.sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);) { OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); OrderModel orderModel = mapper.getById4(2); log.info("{}", orderModel); } }
運行結果
21:58.821 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById4 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = ?
21:58.850 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById4 - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
21:58.868 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById4 - <== Total: 1
21:58.868 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - null
從輸出中可以看到最后一樣輸出結果為null,sql實際上返回的是有結果的,但是結果映射的時候返回的是空。
結果解釋
由于mybatis全局配置中將autoMappingBehavior的值置為了NONE,表示全局自動映射被關閉了,而resultMapper中的orderModelMap4沒有配置autoMapping屬性,所以最終這個查詢結果不會自動映射,所以最后查詢結果為null。
PARTIAL
對除在內部定義了嵌套結果映射(也就是連接的屬性)以外的屬性進行映射,這個也是autoMappingBehavior的默認值。
mybatis-config.xml加入配置
<settings> <!-- 對除在內部定義了嵌套結果映射(也就是連接的屬性)以外的屬性進行映射,這個也是autoMappingBehavior的默認值。 --> <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL"/> </settings>
OrderMapper.xml
<resultMap id="orderModelMap5" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel"> </resultMap> <select id="getById5" resultMap="orderModelMap5"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
OrderMapper.java加入
OrderModel getById5(int id);
測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById5 @Test public void getById5() throws IOException { this.before("demo7/mybatis-config2.xml"); try (SqlSession sqlSession = this.sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);) { OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); OrderModel orderModel = mapper.getById5(2); log.info("{}", orderModel); } }
運行結果
28:32.612 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById5 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = ?
28:32.648 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById5 - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
28:32.664 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById5 - <== Total: 1
28:32.665 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - OrderModel(id=2, userId=1, createTime=1577947790, upTime=1577947790, userModel=null)
OrderModel中的4個屬性被自動映射成功了。
結果解釋
orderModelMap5中沒有指定autoMapping屬性,所以自動映射會走全局配置的規則,即PARTIAL,會進行自動映射。
我們再來看看PARTIAL的解釋:對除在內部定義了嵌套結果映射(也就是連接的屬性)以外的屬性進行映射。這句話是什么意思?
有些復雜的查詢映射會在resultMap中嵌套一些映射(如:association,collection),當使用PARTIAL的時候,如果有嵌套映射,則這個嵌套映射不會進行自動映射了。
通過訂單id查詢出訂單以及訂單用戶的信息,sqlmap如下:
<resultMap id="orderModelMap6" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel"> <association property="userModel"> </association> </resultMap> <select id="getById6" resultMap="orderModelMap6"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
OrderModel.java
package com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model; import lombok.*; import java.util.List; @Getter @Setter @Builder @ToString @NoArgsConstructor @AllArgsConstructor public class OrderModel { private Integer id; private Integer userId; private Long createTime; private Long upTime; private UserModel userModel; }
內部有個userModel屬性引用用戶對象。
UserModel.java
package com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model; import lombok.*; @Getter @Setter @Builder @ToString @NoArgsConstructor @AllArgsConstructor public class UserModel { private Integer id; private String name; }
OrderMapper.java中加入
OrderModel getById6(int id);
測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById6 @Test public void getById6() throws IOException { this.before("demo7/mybatis-config2.xml"); try (SqlSession sqlSession = this.sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);) { OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); OrderModel orderModel = mapper.getById6(2); log.info("{}", orderModel); } }
運行輸出
52:49.037 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime, b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = ?
52:49.066 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
52:49.087 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - <== Total: 1
52:49.088 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - null
sql查詢實際上是有一條記錄的,但是最后返回的是null,說明沒有進行自動映射。
FULL
自動映射所有屬性。
這次Mapper我們不動,還是下面這樣,沒有手動指定映射規則。
<resultMap id="orderModelMap6" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel"> <association property="userModel"> </association> </resultMap> <select id="getById6" resultMap="orderModelMap6"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
修改一下autoMappingBehavior的值為FULL,看看效果。
mybatis配置
<settings> <!-- 自動映射所有屬性 --> <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="FULL"/> </settings>
測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById6_0 @Test public void getById6_0() throws IOException { this.before("demo7/mybatis-config3.xml"); try (SqlSession sqlSession = this.sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);) { OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); OrderModel orderModel = mapper.getById6(2); log.info("{}", orderModel); } }
運行輸出
56:05.127 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime, b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = ?
56:05.155 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
56:05.186 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - <== Total: 1
56:05.186 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - OrderModel(id=2, userId=1, createTime=1577947790, upTime=1577947790, userModel=UserModel(id=2, name=張學友))
輸出中可以看到OrderModel所有屬性都是有值的,userModel的2個屬性也有值,userModel.id是2,我們運行一下sql看看,用戶id是多少,如下:
mysql> SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime, b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = 2; +----+--------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+ | id | userId | createTime | upTime | user_id | name | +----+--------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+ | 2 | 1 | 1577947790 | 1577947790 | 1 | 張學友 | +----+--------+------------+------------+---------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
user_id實際上是1,mybatis中按照sql字段和model結果字段同名進行自動映射,所以將訂單的id賦值給userModel的id屬性了。
此時需要我們orderModelMap6的配置,手動指定一下user_id和userModel.id的映射規則,如下:
<resultMap id="orderModelMap6" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel"> <association property="userModel"> <id column="user_id" property="id"/> </association> </resultMap>
再次運行測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById6_0
輸出
15:02.751 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime, b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = ?
15:02.783 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
15:02.801 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById6 - <== Total: 1
15:02.801 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - OrderModel(id=2, userId=1, createTime=1577947790, upTime=1577947790, userModel=UserModel(id=1, name=張學友))
這次userModel中的id正確了。
autoMapping使用
上面我們有說過,當在resultMap中指定了autoMapping屬性之后,這個resultMap的自動映射就受autoMapping屬性的控制,和mybatis中全局映射配置(autoMappingBehavior)行為無關了。
案例1
這個核心配置主要在sqlmap中,如下:
<resultMap id="orderModelMap7" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel" autoMapping="true"> <association property="userModel" autoMapping="true"> <id column="user_id" property="id"/> </association> </resultMap> <select id="getById7" resultMap="orderModelMap7"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime, b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
對應測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById7 @Test public void getById7() throws IOException { this.before("demo7/mybatis-config1.xml"); try (SqlSession sqlSession = this.sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);) { OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); OrderModel orderModel = mapper.getById7(2); log.info("{}", orderModel); } }
運行輸出
24:37.544 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById7 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime, b.id as user_id, b.name FROM t_order a,t_user b WHERE a.user_id = b.id AND a.id = ?
24:37.589 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById7 - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
24:37.610 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById7 - <== Total: 1
24:37.610 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - OrderModel(id=2, userId=1, createTime=1577947790, upTime=1577947790, userModel=UserModel(id=1, name=張學友))
OrderModel中所有屬性都自動映射成功。
自動裝配并不是那么好玩,玩不轉可能帶來一些隱患,我們看一個案例,見下面的示例2。
示例2
根據訂單編號,查詢出訂單信息,順便查詢出訂單明細列表。這個我們使用mybatis中的一對多查詢。
OrderDetaiMapper.xml加入
<select id="getListByOrderId1" resultType="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderDetailModel"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.order_id AS orderId, a.goods_id AS goodsId, a.num, a.total_price AS totalPrice FROM t_order_detail a WHERE a.order_id = #{value} ]]> </select>
這個可以根據訂單的id,查詢出訂單關聯的明細列表。
OrderMapper.xml加入
<resultMap id="orderModelMap8" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel" autoMapping="true"> <collection property="orderDetailModelList" select="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.mapper.OrderDetailMapper.getListByOrderId1" column="id"/> </resultMap> <select id="getById8" resultMap="orderModelMap8"> <![CDATA[ SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = #{value} ]]> </select>
測試用例
com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test#getById8 @Test public void getById8() throws IOException { this.before("demo7/mybatis-config.xml"); try (SqlSession sqlSession = this.sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);) { OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class); OrderModel orderModel = mapper.getById8(1); log.info("{}", orderModel); } }
運行輸出
11:06.193 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById8 - ==> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.user_id userId, a.create_time createTime, a.up_time upTime FROM t_order a WHERE a.id = ?
11:06.229 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById8 - ==> Parameters: 1(Integer)
11:06.250 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.m.O.getListByOrderId1 - ====> Preparing: SELECT a.id, a.order_id AS orderId, a.goods_id AS goodsId, a.num, a.total_price AS totalPrice FROM t_order_detail a WHERE a.order_id = ?
11:06.251 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.m.O.getListByOrderId1 - ====> Parameters: 1(Integer)
11:06.255 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.m.O.getListByOrderId1 - <==== Total: 2
11:06.256 [main] DEBUG c.j.c.d.mapper.OrderMapper.getById8 - <== Total: 1
11:06.256 [main] INFO c.j.chat05.demo7.Demo7Test - OrderModel(id=null, userId=2, createTime=1577947790, upTime=1577947790, userModel=null, orderDetailModelList=[OrderDetailModel(id=1, orderId=1, goodsId=1, num=2, totalPrice=17.76), OrderDetailModel(id=2, orderId=1, goodsId=1, num=1, totalPrice=16.66)])
注意輸出中OrderModel的id屬性,怎么是null值?主要是下面這行配置導致的
<collection property="orderDetailModelList" select="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.mapper.OrderDetailMapper.getListByOrderId1" column="id"/>
上面這個配置中有個column屬性,指定的是id,此時mybatis認為你對id字段手動指定了映射關系,就跳過了對id字段到OrderModel.id屬性的自動映射,所以導致OrderModel對象的id屬性沒有賦值,此時需要我們在orderModelMap8手動指定id的映射規則,如下:
<resultMap id="orderModelMap8" type="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.model.OrderModel" autoMapping="true"> <id column="id" property="id" /> <collection property="orderDetailModelList" select="com.javacode2018.chat05.demo7.mapper.OrderDetailMapper.getListByOrderId1" column="id"/> </resultMap>
以上就是使用Mybatis實現自動映射,小編相信有部分知識點可能是我們日常工作會見到或用到的。希望你能通過這篇文章學到更多知識。更多詳情敬請關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
免責聲明:本站發布的內容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創、轉載和分享為主,文章觀點不代表本網站立場,如果涉及侵權請聯系站長郵箱:is@yisu.com進行舉報,并提供相關證據,一經查實,將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權內容。