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linux 靜默安裝 oracle 11
[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/issueCentOS release 6.5 (Final) Kernel \r on an \m
top - 16:05:23 up 8:34, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 Tasks: 152 total, 1 running, 151 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 1906556k total, 1094320k used, 812236k free, 58280k buffers Swap: 2097144k total, 0k used, 2097144k free, 839620k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1654 oracle -2 0 1185m 14m 13m S 0.7 0.8 1:52.05 oracle 1799 oracle 20 0 1190m 49m 44m S 0.3 2.7 0:05.11 oracle 16699 root 20 0 15036 1268 948 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.02 top 1 root 20 0 19364 1540 1228 S 0.0 0.1 0:02.77 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 watchdog/0 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1 8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1 9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 ksoftirqd/1 10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 watchdog/1 11 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.25 migration/2
df -h
檢查 swap分區、內存、磁盤大小
官方下載
官方文檔
jdk 下載
rpm -ivh jdk-8u91-linux-x64.rpm
vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_91
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile java -version
selinux 配置文件
[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=disabled# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted
setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
service iptables stopsystemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld
hostname centos
[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost localhost ::1 localhost centos
ORA-00130: invalid listener address
添加與主機名與IP對應記錄,不然在安裝數據庫時會報錯
yum install gcc yum install gcc-c++ yum install libaio-devel yum install compat-gcc-34yum install compat-gcc-34-c++
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracleid oracle
[root@oracle ~]# id oracle uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper)
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle /product/11.2.0/db_1 mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app chmod -R 775 /u01/app
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
改好后,使之生效
sysctl -p
注:kernel.shmmax = 1073741824(byte)為本機物理內存的一半
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
vim ~oracle/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID=orcl
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH
oracle 安裝文件名
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
修改權限
chown -R oracle:oinstall ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipchown -R oracle:oinstall ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
切換 oracle 用戶、使修改的環境變量生效
su - oraclesource .bash_profile
解壓安裝包、復制應答文件到 oracle 用戶的目錄下
cd /tmp unziap ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipunziap ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zipcp -R /tmp/database/response/ /home/oracle/ cd /home/oracle/response/
應答文件
db_install.rsp:安裝應答
dbca.rsp:創建數據庫應答
netca.rsp:建立監聽、本地服務名等網絡設置的應答
Oracle 11g 靜默安裝-db_install.rsp詳解
修改應答文件
vim ./db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME= localhost.localdomainUNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
部分參數含義
各參數含義如下: -silent 表示以靜默方式安裝,不會有任何提示 -force 允許安裝到一個非空目錄 -noconfig 表示不運行配置助手netca -responseFile 表示使用哪個響應文件,必需使用絕對路徑 oracle.install.responseFileVersion 響應文件模板的版本,該參數不要更改 oracle.install.option 安裝選項,本例只安裝oracle軟件,該參數不要更改 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES 是否需要在線安全更新,設置為false,該參數不要更改 ORACLE_HOSTNAME 安裝主機名 UNIX_GROUP_NAME oracle用戶用于安裝軟件的組名 INVENTORY_LOCATION oracle產品清單目錄 SELECTED_LANGUAGES oracle運行語言環境,一般包括引文和簡繁體中文 ORACLE_HOME Oracle安裝目錄 ORACLE_BASE oracle基礎目錄 oracle.install.db.InstallEdition 安裝版本類型,一般是企業版 oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall 是否定制安裝,默認Partitioning,OLAP,RAT都選上了 oracle.install.db.customComponents 定制安裝組件列表:除了以上默認的,可加上Label Security和Database Vault oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP oracle用戶用于授予OSDBA權限的組名 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP oracle用戶用于授予OSOPER權限的組名
cd /tmp/database ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq . . . #Root scripts to run/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.shTo execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as "root" 3. Run the scripts 4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continueSuccessfully Setup Software.
安裝完畢后會提示上述的信息,按照要求使用 root 用戶執行上面的兩個腳本
使用 oracle 用戶
netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp
檢驗
1、在 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
中生成 listener.ora
和 sqlnet.ora
ll /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
2、通過netstat命令可以查看1521端口正在監聽
netstat -tnul | grep 1521
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet ZHS16GBK -memoryPercentage 30 -emConfiguration LOCAL . . .85% complete96% complete100% completeLook at the log file "/opt/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11g/ora11g.log" for further details.
數據庫成功安裝之后默認是啟動狀態
檢驗
1、進行實例進程檢查
ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
2、查看監聽狀態
lsnrctl status
3、登錄查看實例狀態
sqlplus / as sysdba
將下面兩個文件的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改為ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut
vi /etc/oratab
找到testsid:/opt/oracle/102:N,改為testsid:/opt/oracle/102:Y
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加如下行
su oracle -lc "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start" su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
service iptables stopvi /etc/sysconfig/iptables # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Fri Dec 16 07:29:41 2016*filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [10:892] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibitedCOMMIT# Completed on Fri Dec 16 07:29:41 2016service iptables saveservice iptables restart
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