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本篇內容介紹了“MySQL中參數wait_timeout和interactive_timeout以及空閑超時的實現方法是什么”的有關知識,在實際案例的操作過程中,不少人都會遇到這樣的困境,接下來就讓小編帶領大家學習一下如何處理這些情況吧!希望大家仔細閱讀,能夠學有所成!
這里簡單解釋一下兩個參數含義如下:
interactive_timeout:The number of seconds the server waits for activity on an interactive connection before closing
it. An interactive client is defined as a client that uses the CLIENT_INTERACTIVE option to mysql_real_connect()
wait_timeout:The number of seconds the server waits for activity on a noninteractive connection before closing it.
On thread startup, the session wait_timeout value is initialized from the global wait_timeout value or from the global interactive_timeout value, depending on the type of client (as defined by the CLIENT_INTERACTIVE connect option to mysql_real_connect())
他們都是session/global級別的,簡單的說前者用于描述交互式的客戶端的空閑超時,后者用于非交互式的客戶端的空閑超時,但是這里也揭示了,如果是交互式客戶端連接的session那么wait_timeout將被interactive_timeout覆蓋掉,換句話說如果是非交互式的客戶端連接的session將不會使用interactive_timeout覆蓋掉wait_timeout,也就是interactive_timeout沒有任何作用了。
interactive_timeout:
static Sys_var_ulong Sys_interactive_timeout( vio_io_wait "interactive_timeout", "The number of seconds the server waits for activity on an interactive " "connection before closing it", SESSION_VAR(net_interactive_timeout), CMD_LINE(REQUIRED_ARG), VALID_RANGE(1, LONG_TIMEOUT), DEFAULT(NET_WAIT_TIMEOUT), BLOCK_SIZE(1));
wait_timeout:
static Sys_var_ulong Sys_net_wait_timeout( "wait_timeout", "The number of seconds the server waits for activity on a " "connection before closing it", SESSION_VAR(net_wait_timeout), CMD_LINE(REQUIRED_ARG), VALID_RANGE(1, IF_WIN(INT_MAX32/1000, LONG_TIMEOUT)), DEFAULT(NET_WAIT_TIMEOUT), BLOCK_SIZE(1));
我們可以看到內部而言參數interactive_timeout表示為net_interactive_timeout,wait_timeout表示為net_wait_timeout。
實際上這個操作只會在用戶登陸的時候才出現函數對應server_mpvio_update_thd,如下:
server_mpvio_update_thd(THD *thd, MPVIO_EXT *mpvio) do_command { thd->max_client_packet_length= mpvio->max_client_packet_length; if (mpvio->protocol->has_client_capability(CLIENT_INTERACTIVE)) //這里做判斷 thd->variables.net_wait_timeout= thd->variables.net_interactive_timeout;//這里覆蓋
這里我們可以明確看到有覆蓋操作,并且我們也能看到這里的if條件是如果是CLIENT_INTERACTIVE類型的客戶端連接才會做覆蓋。
棧幀如下:
#0 server_mpvio_update_thd (thd=0x7ffe7c012940, mpvio=0x7fffec0f6140) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/auth/sql_authentication.cc:2014#1 0x0000000000f01787 in acl_authenticate (thd=0x7ffe7c012940, command=COM_CONNECT, extra_port_connection=false) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/auth/sql_authentication.cc:2246#2 0x0000000001571149 in check_connection (thd=0x7ffe7c012940, extra_port_connection=false) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/sql_connect.cc:1295#3 0x00000000015712dc in login_connection (thd=0x7ffe7c012940, extra_port_connection=false) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/sql_connect.cc:1352#4 0x0000000001571bfe in thd_prepare_connection (thd=0x7ffe7c012940, extra_port_connection=false) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/sql_connect.cc:1516#5 0x000000000170e642 in handle_connection (arg=0x6781c30) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/conn_handler/connection_handler_per_thread.cc:306
那么我們這里可以得到一個結論,只在登陸的時候會判斷連接是否是交互式的,如果是則覆蓋掉參數wait_timeout,但是一旦連接后將不會發生覆蓋操作,即便我們再次修改interactive_timeout的值也不會覆蓋,后面我們會看到實際上生效的參數只有wait_timeout。
實際上每次執行任何一個命令都會做一次wait_timeout值的重新檢查和賦值給網絡read_timeout值。在函數do_command中我們可以發現my_net_set_read_timeout(net, thd->get_wait_timeout());步驟,這個步驟就是將我們的wait_timeout賦值給網絡read_timeout值,其中包含片段
if (net->read_timeout == timeout) //如果read_timeout和wait_timeout相等 DBUG_VOID_RETURN;//不需要做操作直接return net->read_timeout= timeout;//否則進行賦值。 if (net->vio) vio_timeout(net->vio, 0, timeout);//這里會進行net->vio.read_timeout的賦值
執行完這個步驟后wait_timeout就生效了,然后就會執行命令,執行完命令后,整個線程會再次回到do_command函數,再做一次my_net_set_read_timeout函數生效其中的wait_timeout參數,中并且堵塞接受命令(后面可以看到是poll實現的),這個時候wait_timeout就起作用了。整個棧幀如下:
#0 vio_io_wait (vio=0x7ffe7c015520, event=VIO_IO_EVENT_READ, timeout=10000) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/vio/viosocket.c:1119#1 0x0000000001e4d5f6 in vio_socket_io_wait (vio=0x7ffe7c015520, event=VIO_IO_EVENT_READ) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/vio/viosocket.c:116#2 0x0000000001e4d6d2 in vio_read (vio=0x7ffe7c015520, buf=0x7ffe7c061c10 "\001", size=4) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/vio/viosocket.c:171#3 0x00000000014c6ceb in net_read_raw_loop (net=0x7ffe7c028440, count=4) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/net_serv.cc:672#4 0x00000000014c6ec2 in net_read_packet_header (net=0x7ffe7c028440) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/net_serv.cc:756#5 0x00000000014c6fcb in net_read_packet (net=0x7ffe7c028440, complen=0x7fffec0c5c58) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/net_serv.cc:822#6 0x00000000014c715e in my_net_read (net=0x7ffe7c028440) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/net_serv.cc:899#7 0x00000000014de010 in Protocol_classic::read_packet (this=0x7ffe7c027bf8) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/protocol_classic.cc:808#8 0x00000000014de514 in Protocol_classic::get_command (this=0x7ffe7c027bf8, com_data=0x7fffec0c5d70, cmd=0x7fffec0c5d98) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/protocol_classic.cc:965#9 0x00000000015c5699 in do_command (thd=0x7ffe7c0268e0) at /root/mysqlall/percona-server-locks-detail-5.7.22/sql/sql_parse.cc:960
最終會調入vio_io_wait函數,如下是其中的部分片段,我們可以清楚看到實際上所謂的空閑超時實際上就是我們的pool實現的。
switch ((ret= poll(&pfd, 1, timeout))) { case -1: /* On error, -1 is returned. */ break; case 0: /* Set errno to indicate a timeout error. (This is not compiled in on WIN32.) */ errno= SOCKET_ETIMEDOUT; break; default: /* Ensure that the requested I/O event has completed. */ DBUG_ASSERT(pfd.revents & revents); break; }
因此整個步驟就是
loop
做wait_timeout參數檢查并且賦值。
堵塞接受命令由poll函數實現,通過poll函數的超時參數也實現了空閑等待超時。(如果不發送命令就堵塞在這里)
命令來到退出堵塞。
再次做wait_timeout參數檢查并且賦值。
執行命令。
goto loop
我這里就用mysql客戶端和pymysql進行交互和非交互連接的測試。
交互式mysql客戶端會話interactive_timeout 參數覆蓋wait_timeout參數
mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout%'; +---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | wait_timeout | 28800 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> show variables like 'interactive_timeout'; +---------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+-------+ | interactive_timeout | 28800 |+---------------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> set global interactive_timeout = 20; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye [root@gp1 log]# /mysqldata/mysql3340/bin/mysqlWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 6Server version: 5.7.22-22-debug-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2009-2018 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show variables like 'interactive_timeout'; +---------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+-------+ | interactive_timeout | 20 |+---------------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout'; +---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | wait_timeout | 20 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.02 sec)
交互式mysql客戶端會話登陸期間修改interactive_timeout不生效,更改wait_timeout生效。
mysql> show variables like 'interactive_timeout'; +---------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+-------+ | interactive_timeout | 28800 |+---------------------+-------+1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout'; +---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | wait_timeout | 28800 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> set interactive_timeout=5; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout'; +---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | wait_timeout | 28800 |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like 'interactive_timeout'; +---------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value | +---------------------+-------+ | interactive_timeout | 5 |+---------------------+-------+1 row in set (0.02 sec) 等待5秒,并未生效 mysql> select sysdate(); +---------------------+| sysdate() |+---------------------+| 2019-02-28 17:24:29 |+---------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set wait_timeout=5; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 等待5秒 發現斷開了 mysql> show variables like 'wait_timeout'; ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away No connection. Trying to reconnect... Connection id: 10
使用python連接非交互式客戶端interactive_timeout 參數不會覆蓋wait_timeout參數
我們可以簡單的寫一個python腳本如下:
import socketimport pymysql.cursorsimport psutilimport subprocess mysql_con = {"host":"192.168.99.95","port":3340,"user":"pycon","passwd":"gelc123","db":"test"}def main(): sqlwait = "show variables like 'wait_timeout'" sqlinter = "show variables like 'interactive_timeout'" sql_c_inter = "set global interactive_timeout=10" connect = pymysql.Connect(host=mysql_con["host"], port=mysql_con["port"], user=mysql_con["user"], passwd=mysql_con["passwd"], db=mysql_con["db"]) cursor = connect.cursor() ##查看初始值 cursor.execute(sqlwait) ret_wait = cursor.fetchone() cursor.execute(sqlinter) ret_inter = cursor.fetchone() print("before change: {}".format(ret_wait+ret_inter)) ##更改值 cursor.execute(sql_c_inter) connect.close()##關閉連接 ##重新登陸開啟連接 connect = pymysql.Connect(host=mysql_con["host"], port=mysql_con["port"], user=mysql_con["user"], passwd=mysql_con["passwd"], db=mysql_con["db"]) cursor = connect.cursor() cursor.execute(sqlwait) ret_wait = cursor.fetchone() cursor.execute(sqlinter) ret_inter = cursor.fetchone() print("after change: {}".format(ret_wait+ret_inter)) ##恢復值 sql_c_inter = "set global interactive_timeout=28800" cursor.execute(sql_c_inter) connect.close()#關閉連接##程序開始if __name__ == '__main__': main()
得到的測試結果如下:
before change: ('wait_timeout', '28800', 'interactive_timeout', '28800') after change: ('wait_timeout', '28800', 'interactive_timeout', '10')
如果是交互是客戶端會話的話wait_timeout也應該是10。
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