如何使用xtrabackup備份和還原mysql

這篇文章給大家介紹如何使用xtrabackup備份和還原mysql，內容非常詳細，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考借鑒，希望對大家能有所幫助。

1、安裝percona-xtrabackup

# 下載安裝包：

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/Percona-XtraBackup-2.3.2/binary/redhat/6/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

# 安裝依賴庫：

# yum -y install perl perl-devel libaio libaio-devel perl-Time-HiRes perl-DBD-MySQL
# wget ftp://rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el6/en/x86_64/dag/RPMS/libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm 
# rpm -ivh libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

# 創建備份的目錄：

# mkdir -p /databackup/fullbackup
# mkdir -p /databackup/increasebackup

# 創建備份用戶和授權：

mysql>grant SELECT,RELOAD,SHOW DATABASES,SUPER,LOCK TABLES,REPLICATION CLIENT,SHOW VIEW,EVENT,FILE on *.* to backup@'localhost' identified by 'MANAGER';

2、 備份3306實例：

# innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/3306/mysql.sock --user=backup --password='MANAGER' /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306

說明：
--defaults-file，指定mysql實例的配置文件
--socket，指定socket的位置
--user，指定備份的用戶
--password，指定用戶名稱
/mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306，這里我們將實例備份到/mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306目錄下

# du -sh /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306
130M /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306
# ls -lrt /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306/*
總用量 131136
-rw-r----- 1 root root 134217728 10月 12 04:32 ibdata1
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 james
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 ems
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 mysql
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 wh510
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 www
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 blog
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 opark
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 dawnpro
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 eip
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:32 hangzhou_dawnpro
-rw-r----- 1 root root        21 10月 12 04:32 xtrabackup_binlog_info
-rw-r----- 1 root root      2560 10月 12 04:32 xtrabackup_logfile
-rw-r----- 1 root root       113 10月 12 04:32 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-r----- 1 root root       386 10月 12 04:32 backup-my.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 root root       551 10月 12 04:32 xtrabackup_info

3、模擬3306數據文件丟失

# rm -rf /data/3306/data
# lsof -i :3306

說明：此時數據庫已經沒法正常運行，檢查錯誤日志，發現沒有了data目錄
161012 04:40:35 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/3306/mysqld.pid ended
161012 04:42:10 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/3306/data
161012  4:42:10 [Warning] Can't create test file /data/3306/data/mysql-master.lower-test
161012  4:42:10 [Warning] Can't create test file /data/3306/data/mysql-master.lower-test
/application/mysql-5.5.32/bin/mysqld: Can't change dir to '/data/3306/data/' (Errcode: 2)
161012  4:42:10 [ERROR] Aborting

161012  4:42:10 [Note] /application/mysql-5.5.32/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

161012 04:42:10 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/3306/mysqld.pid ended

4、mysql全備數據恢復：
# mkdir -p /data/3306/data
# 對于一般恢復，都是直接用備份文件還原，如果我們這里也是直接運用該備份文件，則可能會導致一些意想不到的問題，比如:備份的數據中可能會包含尚未提交的事務或已經提交但尚未同步至數據文件中的事務。因此，此時數據文件處于不一致的狀態，我們現在就是要通過回滾未提交的事務及同步已經提交的事務至數據文件也使得數據文件處于一致性狀態。所以我們要用如下命令進行檢查：

# innobackupex  --apply-log --redo-only /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306/2016-10-12_04-32-49/

161012 04:53:07 innobackupex: Starting the apply-log operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex version 2.3.2 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 306a2e0)
xtrabackup: cd to /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306/2016-10-12_04-32-49/
xtrabackup: This target seems to be already prepared with --apply-log-only.
xtrabackup: notice: xtrabackup_logfile was already used to '--prepare'.
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 50331648
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 50331648
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M
InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
xtrabackup: Last MySQL binlog file position 2442, file name /data/3306/mysql-bin.000008

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1606678
161012 04:53:08 completed OK!

# innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --copy-back /mysqlbackup/fullbackup/3306/2016-10-12_04-32-49/
161012 04:56:32 innobackupex: Starting the copy-back operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the copy-back run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful copy-back run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex version 2.3.2 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 306a2e0)
161012 04:56:32 [01] Copying ib_logfile0 to /data/3306/data/ib_logfile0
161012 04:56:33 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:33 [01] Copying ib_logfile1 to /data/3306/data/ib_logfile1
161012 04:56:34 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:34 [01] Copying ibdata1 to /data/3306/data/ibdata1
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./james/db.opt to /data/3306/data/james/db.opt
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./ems/db.opt to /data/3306/data/ems/db.opt
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/func.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/func.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_topic.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_topic.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/tables_priv.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/tables_priv.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/db.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/db.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/proc.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/proc.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_relation.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_relation.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/proxies_priv.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/proxies_priv.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/func.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/func.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/plugin.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/plugin.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/user.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/user.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_transition.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_transition.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_transition_type.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_transition_type.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/general_log.CSV to /data/3306/data/mysql/general_log.CSV
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/event.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/event.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_leap_second.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_relation.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_relation.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/ndb_binlog_index.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/procs_priv.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/procs_priv.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/db.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/db.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/event.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/event.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/plugin.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/plugin.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_category.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_category.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_name.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_name.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/event.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/event.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/proc.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/proc.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/tables_priv.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/tables_priv.MYD
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/servers.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/servers.frm
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:36 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYI
161012 04:56:36 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/proxies_priv.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/proxies_priv.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/procs_priv.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/procs_priv.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/slow_log.CSV to /data/3306/data/mysql/slow_log.CSV
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_transition.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_transition.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/procs_priv.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/procs_priv.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_topic.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_topic.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/user.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/user.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_keyword.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_keyword.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/db.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/db.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/func.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/func.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/servers.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/servers.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_category.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_category.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/host.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/host.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_category.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_category.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/proxies_priv.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/proxies_priv.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/general_log.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/general_log.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_keyword.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_keyword.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/proc.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/proc.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/columns_priv.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/columns_priv.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/slow_log.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/slow_log.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_topic.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_topic.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_keyword.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_keyword.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_name.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_name.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/host.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/host.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/columns_priv.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/columns_priv.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/user.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/user.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/ndb_binlog_index.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/tables_priv.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/tables_priv.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/general_log.CSM to /data/3306/data/mysql/general_log.CSM
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/servers.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/servers.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/host.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/host.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_name.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_name.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/help_relation.MYD to /data/3306/data/mysql/help_relation.MYD
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_transition.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_transition.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/slow_log.CSM to /data/3306/data/mysql/slow_log.CSM
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/ndb_binlog_index.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/columns_priv.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/columns_priv.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_transition_type.MYI to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_transition_type.MYI
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/time_zone_transition_type.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/time_zone_transition_type.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./mysql/plugin.frm to /data/3306/data/mysql/plugin.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/events_waits_summary_by_instance.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/events_waits_summary_by_instance.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/file_instances.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/file_instances.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/performance_timers.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/performance_timers.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/file_summary_by_event_name.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/file_summary_by_event_name.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/events_waits_summary_by_thread_by_event_name.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/events_waits_summary_by_thread_by_event_name.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/events_waits_current.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/events_waits_current.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/setup_instruments.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/setup_instruments.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/threads.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/threads.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/file_summary_by_instance.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/file_summary_by_instance.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/events_waits_history.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/events_waits_history.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/rwlock_instances.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/rwlock_instances.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/setup_consumers.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/setup_consumers.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/setup_timers.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/setup_timers.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/events_waits_summary_global_by_event_name.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/events_waits_summary_global_by_event_name.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/mutex_instances.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/mutex_instances.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/events_waits_history_long.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/events_waits_history_long.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/cond_instances.frm to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/cond_instances.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./performance_schema/db.opt to /data/3306/data/performance_schema/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./wh510/db.opt to /data/3306/data/wh510/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./www/db.opt to /data/3306/data/www/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./xtrabackup_info to /data/3306/data/xtrabackup_info
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./blog/db.opt to /data/3306/data/blog/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb to /data/3306/data/xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./opark/person.frm to /data/3306/data/opark/person.frm
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./opark/db.opt to /data/3306/data/opark/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./dawnpro/db.opt to /data/3306/data/dawnpro/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./eip/db.opt to /data/3306/data/eip/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 [01] Copying ./hangzhou_dawnpro/db.opt to /data/3306/data/hangzhou_dawnpro/db.opt
161012 04:56:37 [01]        ...done
161012 04:56:37 completed OK!
說明：innobackup的copy-back用于執行恢復操作時，它是通過復制所有數據相關文件至MySQL數據目錄，因此，需要清空數據目錄。

[root@mysql-master data]# ll /data/3306/data
總用量 229432
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 blog
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 dawnpro
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 eip
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 ems
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 hangzhou_dawnpro
-rw-r----- 1 root root 134217728 10月 12 04:56 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 root root  50331648 10月 12 04:56 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 root root  50331648 10月 12 04:56 ib_logfile1
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 james
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 mysql
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 opark
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 wh510
drwx------ 2 root root      4096 10月 12 04:56 www
-rw-r----- 1 root root        33 10月 12 04:56 xtrabackup_bin

5、更改數據庫目錄權限

# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/3306/data

6、開啟mysql服務

啟動mysql發現沒法起來，檢查日志信息如下（InnoDB: Error: log file ./ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 50331648 bytes）：
# tail -15 mysql_oldboy3306.err
161012  5:00:15 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
161012  5:00:15 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
161012  5:00:15 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
161012  5:00:15 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 32.0M
161012  5:00:15 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
InnoDB: Error: log file ./ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 50331648 bytes
InnoDB: than specified in the .cnf file 0 4194304 bytes!
161012  5:00:15 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
161012  5:00:15 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
161012  5:00:15 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
161012  5:00:15 [ERROR] Aborting

161012  5:00:15 [Note] /application/mysql-5.5.32/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

161012 05:00:15 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/3306/mysqld.pid ended

# rm ib_logfile* -rf
# /data/3306/mysql start
# netstat -tunlp| grep 3306
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      29697/mysqld

7、進入數據庫進行驗證

# mysql -uroot -predhat12345 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| blog               |
| dawnpro            |
| eip                |
| ems                |
| hangzhou_dawnpro   |
| james              |
| mysql              |
| opark              |
| performance_schema |
| wh510              |
| www                |
+--------------------+
12 rows in set (0.01 sec)

關于如何使用xtrabackup備份和還原mysql就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，可以學到更多知識。如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。