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k8s部署---多節點部署與負載均衡搭建（五）

發布時間：2020-08-04 07:13:12 來源：網絡 閱讀：471 作者：SiceLc 欄目：云計算

多節點部署介紹

  • 在生產環境中，搭建kubernetes平臺時我們同時會考慮平臺的高可用性，kubenetes平臺是由master中心管理機制，由master服務器調配管理各個節點服務器，在之前的文章中我們搭建的是單節點（一個master服務器）的部署，當master服務器宕機時，我們的搭建的平臺也就無法使用了，這個時候我們就要考慮多節點（多master）的部署，已到平臺服務的高可用性。

負載均衡介紹

  • 在我們搭建多節點部署時，多個master同時運行工作，在處理工作問題時總是使用同一個master完成工作，當master服務器面對多個請求任務時，處理速度就會變慢，同時其余的master服務器不處理請求也是一種資源的浪費，這個時候我們就考慮到做負載均衡服務

  • 本次搭建負載均衡使用nginx服務做四層負載均衡，keepalived做地址飄逸

實驗部署

實驗環境

  • lb01：192.168.80.19 （負載均衡服務器）
  • lb02：192.168.80.20 （負載均衡服務器）
  • Master01:192.168.80.12
  • Master01:192.168.80.11
  • Node01:192.168.80.13
  • Node02:192.168.80.14

多master部署

  • master01服務器操作 
    [root@master01 kubeconfig]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@192.168.80.11:/opt     //直接復制kubernetes目錄到master02
The authenticity of host '192.168.80.11 (192.168.80.11)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Ih0NpZxfLb+MOEFW8B+ZsQ5R8Il2Sx8dlNov632cFlo.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:a9:ee:e5:cc:40:c7:9e:24:5b:c1:cd:c1:7b:31:42:0f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.80.11' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.80.11's password:
token.csv                                                                  100%   84    61.4KB/s   00:00
kube-apiserver                                                             100%  929     1.6MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler                                                             100%   94   183.2KB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager                                                    100%  483   969.2KB/s   00:00
kube-apiserver                                                             100%  184MB 106.1MB/s   00:01
kubectl                                                                    100%   55MB  85.9MB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager                                                    100%  155MB 111.9MB/s   00:01
kube-scheduler                                                             100%   55MB 115.8MB/s   00:00
ca-key.pem                                                                 100% 1675     2.7MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                     100% 1359     2.6MB/s   00:00
server-key.pem                                                             100% 1679     2.5MB/s   00:00
server.pem                                                                 100% 1643     2.7MB/s   00:00
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager, kube-scheduler}.service root@192.168.80.11:/usr/lib/systemd/system    //復制master中的三個組件啟動腳本
root@192.168.80.11's password:
kube-apiserver.service                                                     100%  282   274.4KB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager.service                                            100%  317   403.5KB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler.service                                                     100%  281   379.4KB/s   00:00
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.80.11:/opt/    //特別注意：master02一定要有 etcd證書，否則apiserver服務無法啟動 拷貝master01上已有的etcd證書給master02使用
root@192.168.80.11's password:
etcd                                                                       100%  509   275.7KB/s   00:00
etcd                                                                       100%   18MB  95.3MB/s   00:00
etcdctl                                                                    100%   15MB  75.1MB/s   00:00
ca-key.pem                                                                 100% 1679   941.1KB/s    00:00
ca.pem                                                                     100% 1265     1.6MB/s   00:00
server-key.pem                                                             100% 1675     2.0MB/s   00:00
server.pem                                                                 100% 1338     1.5MB/s   00:00
  • master02服務器操作 
    [root@master02 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service     //關閉防火墻
[root@master02 ~]# setenforce 0                        //關閉selinux
[root@master02 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver     //更改文件
...
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.80.12:2379,https://192.168.80.13:2379,https://192.168.80.14:2379 \
--bind-address=192.168.80.11 \       //更改IP地址
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=192.168.80.11 \   //更改IP地址
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
...
:wq
[root@master02 ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver.service   //啟動apiserver服務
[root@master02 ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service  //設置開機自啟
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-apiserver.service to /usr/lib/ systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service.
[root@master02 ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service   //啟動controller-manager
[root@master02 ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service  //設置開機自啟
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service. 
[root@master02 ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler.service            //啟動scheduler
[root@master02 ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service           //設置開機自啟
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/ systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service.
[root@master02 ~]# vim /etc/profile       //編輯添加環境變量
...
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
:wq
[root@master02 ~]# source /etc/profile     //重新執行
[root@master02 ~]# kubectl get node        //查看節點信息
NAME            STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
192.168.80.13   Ready    <none>   146m   v1.12.3
192.168.80.14   Ready    <none>   144m   v1.12.3    //多master配置成功

負載均衡部署

  • lb01、lb02同步操作keepalived服務配置文件下載 提取碼：fkoh

    [root@lb01 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@lb01 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@lb01 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo   //配置nginx服務yum源
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
:wq
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# yum list     //重新加載yum
已加載插件：fastestmirror
base                                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                | 2.9 kB   00:00:00
...
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx -y     //安裝nginx服務 
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
...
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf    //編輯nginx配置文件
...
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}

stream {                     //添加四層轉發模塊
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log main;

upstream k8s-apiserver {
    server 192.168.80.12:6443;          //注意IP地址
    server 192.168.80.11:6443;
}
server {
    listen 6443;
    proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
}
}

http {
include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
...
:wq
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx       //啟動nginx服務 可以在瀏覽器中訪問測試nginx服務
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# yum install keepalived -y    //安裝keepalived服務 
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
...
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# mount.cifs //192.168.80.2/shares/K8S/k8s02 /mnt/     //掛載宿主機目錄
Password for root@//192.168.80.2/shares/K8S/k8s02:
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# cp /mnt/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  //復制準備好的  keepalived配置文件覆蓋源配置文件
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf"？ yes
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf       //編輯配置文件
...
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh"    //注意腳本位置修改
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33            //注意網卡名稱
virtual_router_id 51   //VRRP 路由 ID實例，每個實例是唯一的
priority 100           //優先級，備服務器設置 90
advert_int 1            //指定VRRP 心跳包通告間隔時間，默認1秒
authentication {
    auth_type PASS
    auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
    192.168.80.100/24       //飄逸地址
}
track_script {
    check_nginx
}
}
//刪除下面所有內容
:wq

  • lb02服務器keepalived配置文件修改

    [root@lb02 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
...
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh"    //注意腳本位置修改
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP         //修改角色為backup
interface ens33      //網卡名稱
virtual_router_id 51   //VRRP 路由 ID實例，每>個實例是唯一的
priority 90       //優先級，備服務器設置 90
advert_int 1      //指定VRRP 心跳包通告間隔時間，默認1秒
authentication {
    auth_type PASS
    auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
    192.168.80.100/24       //虛擬IP地址
}
track_script {
    check_nginx
}
}
//刪除下面所有內容
:wq

  • lb01、lb02同步操作

    [root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh   //編輯判斷nginx狀態腳本
count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
:wq
chmod +x /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh     //添加腳本執行權限
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start keepalived     //啟動服務
  • lb01服務器操作 
    [root@lb01 ~]# ip a      //查看地址信息
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:e9:04:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.19/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.80.100/24 scope global secondary ens33    //虛擬地址成功配置
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  • lb02服務器操作 
    [root@lb02 ~]# ip a          //查看地址信息
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:c7:ab brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.20/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::cd8b:b80c:8deb:251f/64 scope link
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever       //沒有虛擬IP地址 lb02屬于備用服務
  • lb01服務器停止nginx服務，再次在lb02服務器IP地址，看虛擬IP地址是否成功漂移 
    [root@lb01 ~]# systemctl stop nginx.service
[root@lb01 nginx]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:e9:04:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.19/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@lb02 ~]# ip a           //在lb02服務器查看
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:c7:ab brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.20/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.80.100/24 scope global secondary ens33      //漂移地址轉移到lb02上
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::cd8b:b80c:8deb:251f/64 scope link
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  • 在lb01服務器重新開啟nginx、keepalived服務 
    [root@lb01 nginx]# systemctl start nginx
[root@lb01 nginx]# systemctl start keepalived.service
[root@lb01 nginx]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:e9:04:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.80.19/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.80.100/24 scope global secondary ens33     //漂移地址被搶占回來  因為配置了優先級
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  • 在所有的node節點修改配置文件 
    [root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig
...
server: https://192.168.80.100:6443
...
:wq
[root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
...
server: https://192.168.80.100:6443
...
:wq
[root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
...
server: https://192.168.80.100:6443
...
:wq
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet.service    //重啟服務
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl restart kube-proxy.service
  • 在lb01服務器查看日志信息 
    [root@lb01 nginx]# tail /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log
192.168.80.13 192.168.80.12:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:23:52 +0800] 200 1118
192.168.80.13 192.168.80.11:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:23:52 +0800] 200 1119
192.168.80.14 192.168.80.12:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:26:01 +0800] 200 1119
192.168.80.14 192.168.80.12:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:26:01 +0800] 200 1120
  • 在master01上操作測試平臺功能 
    [root@master01 ~]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx     //創建pod節點
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/nginx created
[root@master01 ~]# kubectl get pods        //查看pod信息
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl   1/1     Running   0          33m   //創建成功
[root@master01 ~]# kubectl logs nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl    //查看日志信息
Error from server (Forbidden): Forbidden (user=system:anonymous, verb=get, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy) ( pods/log nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl)    //出報錯
[root@master01 ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-system-anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:anonymous     //解決日志報錯問題
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/cluster-system-anonymous created
[root@master01 ~]# kubectl logs nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl    //再次查看日志
[root@master01 ~]#     //這個時候沒有訪問，所有日志沒有顯示日志信息

  • 在node節點中訪問nginx網頁

    [root@master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide   //先在master01節點上查看pod網絡信息
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE            NOMINATED NODE
nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl   1/1     Running   0          38m   172.17.33.2   192.168.80.14   <none>
[root@node01 ~]# curl 172.17.33.2     //在node節點上操作可以直接訪問
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
    width: 35em;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Welcome to nginx!</h2>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a >nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a >nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
  • 回到master01服務器查看日志信息 
    [root@master01 ~]# kubectl logs nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl
172.17.12.0 - - [12/Feb/2020:06:45:54 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"    //出現訪問信息

    多節點搭建與負載均衡配置完成

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