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今天就跟大家聊聊有關怎么在Android中實現Socket通信傳輸,可能很多人都不太了解,為了讓大家更加了解,小編給大家總結了以下內容,希望大家根據這篇文章可以有所收獲。
Socket本質上就是Java封裝了傳輸層上的TCP協議(注:UDP用的是DatagramSocket類)。要實現Socket的傳輸,需要構建客戶端和服務器端。另外,傳輸的數據可以是字符串和字節。字符串傳輸主要用于簡單的應用,比較復雜的應用(比如Java和C++進行通信),往往需要構建自己的應用層規則(類似于應用層協議),并用字節來傳輸。
2.基于字符串傳輸的Socket案例
1)服務器端代碼(基于控制臺的應用程序,模擬)
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; public class Main { private static final int PORT = 9999; private List<Socket> mList = new ArrayList<Socket>(); private ServerSocket server = null; private ExecutorService mExecutorService = null; //thread pool public static void main(String[] args) { new Main(); } public Main() { try { server = new ServerSocket(PORT); mExecutorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); //create a thread pool System.out.println("服務器已啟動..."); Socket client = null; while(true) { client = server.accept(); //把客戶端放入客戶端集合中 mList.add(client); mExecutorService.execute(new Service(client)); //start a new thread to handle the connection } }catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } class Service implements Runnable { private Socket socket; private BufferedReader in = null; private String msg = ""; public Service(Socket socket) { this.socket = socket; try { in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); //客戶端只要一連到服務器,便向客戶端發送下面的信息。 msg = "服務器地址:" +this.socket.getInetAddress() + "come toal:" +mList.size()+"(服務器發送)"; this.sendmsg(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void run() { try { while(true) { if((msg = in.readLine())!= null) { //當客戶端發送的信息為:exit時,關閉連接 if(msg.equals("exit")) { System.out.println("ssssssss"); mList.remove(socket); in.close(); msg = "user:" + socket.getInetAddress() + "exit total:" + mList.size(); socket.close(); this.sendmsg(); break; //接收客戶端發過來的信息msg,然后發送給客戶端。 } else { msg = socket.getInetAddress() + ":" + msg+"(服務器發送)"; this.sendmsg(); } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 循環遍歷客戶端集合,給每個客戶端都發送信息。 */ public void sendmsg() { System.out.println(msg); int num =mList.size(); for (int index = 0; index < num; index ++) { Socket mSocket = mList.get(index); PrintWriter pout = null; try { pout = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(mSocket.getOutputStream())),true); pout.println(msg); }catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
2)Android客戶端代碼
package com.amaker.socket; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.Socket; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.AlertDialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; public class SocketDemo extends Activity implements Runnable { private TextView tv_msg = null; private EditText ed_msg = null; private Button btn_send = null; // private Button btn_login = null; private static final String HOST = "10.0.2.2"; private static final int PORT = 9999; private Socket socket = null; private BufferedReader in = null; private PrintWriter out = null; private String content = ""; //接收線程發送過來信息,并用TextView顯示 public Handler mHandler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg); tv_msg.setText(content); } }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); tv_msg = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.TextView); ed_msg = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditText01); btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02); try { socket = new Socket(HOST, PORT); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket .getInputStream())); out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter( socket.getOutputStream())), true); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); ShowDialog("login exception" + ex.getMessage()); } btn_send.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String msg = ed_msg.getText().toString(); if (socket.isConnected()) { if (!socket.isOutputShutdown()) { out.println(msg); } } } }); //啟動線程,接收服務器發送過來的數據 new Thread(SocketDemo.this).start(); } /** * 如果連接出現異常,彈出AlertDialog! */ public void ShowDialog(String msg) { new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("notification").setMessage(msg) .setPositiveButton("ok", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }).show(); } /** * 讀取服務器發來的信息,并通過Handler發給UI線程 */ public void run() { try { while (true) { if (!socket.isClosed()) { if (socket.isConnected()) { if (!socket.isInputShutdown()) { if ((content = in.readLine()) != null) { content += "\n"; mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage()); } else { } } } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
解析:除了isClose方法,Socket類還有一個isConnected方法來判斷Socket對象是否連接成功。 看到這個名字,也許讀者會產生誤解。 其實isConnected方法所判斷的并不是Socket對象的當前連接狀態, 而是Socket對象是否曾經連接成功過,如果成功連接過,即使現在isClose返回true, isConnected仍然返回true。因此,要判斷當前的Socket對象是否處于連接狀態, 必須同時使用isClose和isConnected方法, 即只有當isClose返回false,isConnected返回true的時候Socket對象才處于連接狀態。 雖然在大多數的時候可以直接使用Socket類或輸入輸出流的close方法關閉網絡連接,但有時我們只希望關閉OutputStream或InputStream,而在關閉輸入輸出流的同時,并不關閉網絡連接。這就需要用到Socket類的另外兩個方法:shutdownInput和shutdownOutput,這兩個方法只關閉相應的輸入、輸出流,而它們并沒有同時關閉網絡連接的功能。和isClosed、isConnected方法一樣,Socket類也提供了兩個方法來判斷Socket對象的輸入、輸出流是否被關閉,這兩個方法是isInputShutdown()
和isOutputShutdown()
。 shutdownInput和shutdownOutput并不影響Socket對象的狀態。
看完上述內容,你們對怎么在Android中實現Socket通信傳輸有進一步的了解嗎?如果還想了解更多知識或者相關內容,請關注億速云行業資訊頻道,感謝大家的支持。
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