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下文給大家帶來FastDFS集群tracker是怎么樣實現負載均衡的，希望能夠給大家在實際運用中帶來一定的幫助，負載均衡涉及的東西比較多，理論也不多，網上有很多書籍，今天我們就用億速云在行業內累計的經驗來做一個解答。
功能：文件存儲、同步、上傳、下載，提供負載均衡功能，適合用于圖片、視頻的存放。
角色：
tracker
作用：任務調度接受客戶端的訪問，檢索存儲節點，為客戶端提供一臺可用的storage。
storage
作用：接受Tracker的調度，響應客戶端請求，將客戶端發來的文件存儲至相應存儲位置，讀取請求的文件，發送給客戶端。
以下使用三臺虛擬機搭建實驗環境:
三臺機器充當存儲節點，其中兩臺配置tracker做主備關系同時充當storage角色，當一臺tracker down機后另外一臺可以提供正常的訪問連接。
tracker01： 192.168.56.101
tracker02： 192.168.56.102
storage03：192.168.56.103
準備工作：
OS: CentoOS6.8
在所有節點上安裝依賴庫：
yum install -y gcc libevent libevent-doc libevent-devel libevent-headers make
所需軟件包：
FastDFS_v4.06.tar.gz
fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.15.tar.gz (配置web訪問時需要nginx支持此模塊)
開始：第一步
[root@Master ~]# tar -xf FastDFS_v4.06.tar.gz [root@Master ~]# cd FastDFS [root@Master FastDFS]# ll total 124 drwxrwxr-x. 3 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 client drwxrwxr-x. 2 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 common drwxrwxr-x. 2 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 conf -rw-rw-r--. 1 nginx nginx 35067 Jul 28 2008 COPYING-3_0.txt -rw-rw-r--. 1 nginx nginx 28437 Jan 24 2013 HISTORY drwxrwxr-x. 2 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 init.d -rw-rw-r--. 1 nginx nginx 7757 Dec 23 2011 INSTALL -rwxrwxr-x. 1 nginx nginx 5133 Dec 27 2012 make.sh drwxrwxr-x. 2 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 php_client -rw-rw-r--. 1 nginx nginx 2380 Jul 28 2008 README -rwxrwxr-x. 1 nginx nginx 1768 Apr 12 2010 restart.sh -rwxrwxr-x. 1 nginx nginx 1680 Apr 10 2010 stop.sh drwxrwxr-x. 4 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 storage drwxrwxr-x. 2 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 test drwxrwxr-x. 2 nginx nginx 4096 Feb 15 2013 tracker [root@Master FastDFS]# ./make.sh && ./make.sh install [root@Master FastDFS]# cp conf/storage_ids.conf /etc/fdfs/ [root@Master FastDFS]# cp init.d/fdfs_trackerd /etc/init.d #拷貝tracker啟動文件 [root@Master FastDFS]# cp init.d/fdfs_storaged /etc/init.d #拷貝storage啟動文件
建議：編譯前請先閱讀INSTALL file
第二步：創建數據目錄
mkdir -p /data/fastdfs/tracker #創建tracker文件存放路徑 mkdir -p /data/fastdfs/storage #創建storage 文件存放路徑 mkdir -p /data/fastdfs/client #創建client 文件存放路徑
第三步：修改配置文件
[root@Master fdfs]# ll total 64 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1500 Jun 26 14:36 client.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 858 Jun 23 15:42 http.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 31172 Jun 23 15:42 mime.types -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3898 Jun 26 15:35 mod_fastdfs.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7496 Jun 26 15:22 storage.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 171 Jun 26 15:45 storage_ids.conf -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6624 Jun 26 16:04 tracker.conf #以上目錄處mod_fastdfs.conf文件外如缺少其他文件請檢查 libevent 是否安裝 [root@Master fdfs]# grep -vE "^#|^$" tracker.conf disabled=false bind_addr= port=22122 connect_timeout=30 network_timeout=60 base_path=/data/fastdfs/tracker max_connections=4096 work_threads=4 store_lookup=0 store_server=0 store_path=0 download_server=0 reserved_storage_space = 10% log_level=info run_by_group= run_by_user= allow_hosts=* sync_log_buff_interval = 10 check_active_interval = 120 thread_stack_size = 64KB storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400 storage_sync_file_max_time = 300 use_trunk_file = false slot_min_size = 256 slot_max_size = 16MB trunk_file_size = 64MB trunk_create_file_advance = false trunk_create_file_time_base = 02:00 trunk_create_file_interval = 86400 trunk_create_file_space_threshold = 20G trunk_init_check_occupying = false trunk_init_reload_from_binlog = false use_storage_id = false storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf id_type_in_filename = ip store_slave_file_use_link = false rotate_error_log = false error_log_rotate_time=00:00 rotate_error_log_size = 0 use_connection_pool = false connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600 http.server_port=8080 http.check_alive_interval=30 http.check_alive_type=tcp http.check_alive_uri=/status.html #以上為配置文件內容，各參數的含義請自行了解。
cat /etc/fdfs/storage_ids.conf
[root@Master fdfs]# cat storage_ids.conf # <id> <group_name> <ip_or_hostname> 100001 group1 192.168.56.101 100002 group1 192.168.56.102 100003 group1 192.168.56.103
[root@Master fdfs]# grep -vE '^#|^$' client.conf
connect_timeout=30 network_timeout=60 base_path=/data/fastdfs/client tracker_server=192.168.56.101:22122 tracker_server=192.168.56.102:22122 log_level=info use_connection_pool = false connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600 load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=false use_storage_id = false storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf http.tracker_server_port=8080
請在所有tracker主機修改/etc/fdfs/tracker.conf文件
請在所有storage主機修改/etc/fdfs/storage.conf文件
cat /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
[root@Master fdfs]# grep -vE "^#|^$" storage.conf disabled=false group_name=group1 bind_addr= client_bind=true port=23000 connect_timeout=30 network_timeout=60 heart_beat_interval=30 stat_report_interval=60 base_path=/data/fastdfs/storage max_connections=256 buff_size = 256KB work_threads=4 disk_rw_separated = true disk_reader_threads = 1 disk_writer_threads = 1 sync_wait_msec=50 sync_interval=0 sync_start_time=00:00 sync_end_time=23:59 write_mark_file_freq=500 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs/storage subdir_count_per_path=256 tracker_server=192.168.56.101:22122 tracker_server=192.168.56.102:22122 log_level=info run_by_group= run_by_user= allow_hosts=* file_distribute_path_mode=0 file_distribute_rotate_count=100 fsync_after_written_bytes=0 sync_log_buff_interval=10 sync_binlog_buff_interval=10 sync_stat_file_interval=300 thread_stack_size=512KB upload_priority=10 if_alias_prefix= check_file_duplicate=0 file_signature_method=hash key_namespace=FastDFS keep_alive=0 use_access_log = false rotate_access_log = false access_log_rotate_time=00:00 rotate_error_log = false error_log_rotate_time=00:00 rotate_access_log_size = 0 rotate_error_log_size = 0 file_sync_skip_invalid_record=false use_connection_pool = false connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600 http.domain_name= http.server_port=8888
第四步：啟動tracker and storage
[root@Master fdfs]# /etc/init.d/fdfs_trackerd start [root@Master fdfs]# /etc/init.d/fdfs_storaged start [root@Master fdfs]# ps -ef|grep fdfs root 3157 1 0 11:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf root 3188 1 0 11:56 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf root 3217 2434 0 11:57 pts/0 00:00:00 grep fdfs [root@Master fdfs]#
注意：如果啟動失敗請查看日志/data/fastdfs/tracker/logs/trackerd.log
至此：tracker和storage啟動完畢。
查看集群狀態：
[root@Master ~]# /usr/local/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
[2017-06-27 12:02:31] DEBUG - base_path=/data/fastdfs/storage, connect_timeout=30, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=2, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0, use_connection_pool=0, g_connection_pool_max_idle_time=3600s, use_storage_id=0, storage server id count: 0
server_count=2, server_index=0
tracker server is 192.168.56.101:22122
group count: 1
Group 1:
group name = group1
disk total space = 8447 MB
disk free space = 4924 MB
trunk free space = 0 MB
storage server count = 3
active server count = 1
storage server port = 23000
storage HTTP port = 8888
store path count = 1
subdir count per path = 256
current write server index = 0
current trunk file id = 0
Storage 1:
id = 192.168.56.101
ip_addr = 192.168.56.101 (Master) WAIT_SYNC
http domain =
version = 4.06
join time = 2017-06-26 15:22:46
up time = 2017-06-27 11:49:39
total storage = 0 MB
free storage = 0 MB
upload priority = 10
store_path_count = 1
subdir_count_per_path = 256
storage_port = 23000
storage_http_port = 8888
current_write_path = 0
source storage id=
if_trunk_server= 0
total_upload_count = 0
success_upload_count = 0
total_append_count = 0
success_append_count = 0
total_modify_count = 0
success_modify_count = 0
total_truncate_count = 0
success_truncate_count = 0
total_set_meta_count = 0
success_set_meta_count = 0
total_delete_count = 0
success_delete_count = 0
total_download_count = 0
success_download_count = 0
total_get_meta_count = 0
success_get_meta_count = 0
total_create_link_count = 0
success_create_link_count = 0
total_delete_link_count = 0
success_delete_link_count = 0
total_upload_bytes = 0
success_upload_bytes = 0
total_append_bytes = 0
success_append_bytes = 0
total_modify_bytes = 0
success_modify_bytes = 0
stotal_download_bytes = 0
success_download_bytes = 0
total_sync_in_bytes = 0
success_sync_in_bytes = 0
total_sync_out_bytes = 0
success_sync_out_bytes = 0
total_file_open_count = 0
success_file_open_count = 0
total_file_read_count = 0
success_file_read_count = 0
total_file_write_count = 0
success_file_write_count = 0
last_heart_beat_time = 1970-01-01 08:00:00
last_source_update = 1970-01-01 08:00:00
last_sync_update = 1970-01-01 08:00:00
last_synced_timestamp = 1970-01-01 08:00:00 (never synced)
Storage 2:
id = 192.168.56.102
ip_addr = 192.168.56.102 (Minion02) ACTIVE
http domain =
version = 4.06
join time = 2017-06-26 15:12:53
up time = 2017-06-27 11:50:08
total storage = 8447 MB
free storage = 4945 MB
upload priority = 10
store_path_count = 1
subdir_count_per_path = 256
storage_port = 23000
storage_http_port = 8888
current_write_path = 0
source storage id=
if_trunk_server= 0
total_upload_count = 6
success_upload_count = 6
total_append_count = 0
success_append_count = 0
total_modify_count = 0
success_modify_count = 0
total_truncate_count = 0
success_truncate_count = 0
total_set_meta_count = 6
success_set_meta_count = 6
total_delete_count = 0
success_delete_count = 0
total_download_count = 0
success_download_count = 0
total_get_meta_count = 0
success_get_meta_count = 0
total_create_link_count = 0
success_create_link_count = 0
total_delete_link_count = 0
success_delete_link_count = 0
total_upload_bytes = 63284
success_upload_bytes = 63284
total_append_bytes = 0
success_append_bytes = 0
total_modify_bytes = 0
success_modify_bytes = 0
stotal_download_bytes = 0
success_download_bytes = 0
total_sync_in_bytes = 120
success_sync_in_bytes = 120
total_sync_out_bytes = 240
success_sync_out_bytes = 240
total_file_open_count = 10
success_file_open_count = 10
total_file_read_count = 0
success_file_read_count = 0
total_file_write_count = 10
success_file_write_count = 10
last_heart_beat_time = 2017-06-27 12:02:14
last_source_update = 2017-06-27 12:01:01
last_sync_update = 2017-06-26 15:55:03
last_synced_timestamp = 1970-01-01 08:00:00 (never synced)
Storage 3:
id = 192.168.56.103
ip_addr = 192.168.56.103 (Minion03) WAIT_SYNC
http domain =
version = 4.06
join time = 2017-06-26 15:14:03
up time = 2017-06-27 11:50:25
total storage = 8447 MB
free storage = 4924 MB
upload priority = 10
store_path_count = 1
subdir_count_per_path = 256
storage_port = 23000
storage_http_port = 8888
current_write_path = 0
source storage id= 192.168.56.102
if_trunk_server= 0
total_upload_count = 2
success_upload_count = 2
total_append_count = 0
success_append_count = 0
total_modify_count = 0
success_modify_count = 0
total_truncate_count = 0
success_truncate_count = 0
total_set_meta_count = 2
success_set_meta_count = 2
total_delete_count = 0
success_delete_count = 0
total_download_count = 0
success_download_count = 0
total_get_meta_count = 0
success_get_meta_count = 0
total_create_link_count = 0
success_create_link_count = 0
total_delete_link_count = 0
success_delete_link_count = 0
total_upload_bytes = 22
success_upload_bytes = 22
total_append_bytes = 0
success_append_bytes = 0
total_modify_bytes = 0
success_modify_bytes = 0
stotal_download_bytes = 0
success_download_bytes = 0
total_sync_in_bytes = 995
success_sync_in_bytes = 240
total_sync_out_bytes = 120
success_sync_out_bytes = 120
total_file_open_count = 10
success_file_open_count = 10
total_file_read_count = 0
success_file_read_count = 0
total_file_write_count = 10
success_file_write_count = 10
last_heart_beat_time = 2017-06-27 12:02:10
last_source_update = 2017-06-26 15:54:52
last_sync_update = 2017-06-26 16:04:33
last_synced_timestamp = 1970-01-01 08:00:00 (never synced)
測試：
上傳文件至FastDFS，上傳多個文件至storage查看上傳位置是否有變化
停掉tracker01 查看是否切換至tracker02
上傳文件：
[root@Master ~]# /usr/local/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload install.log
看了以上關于FastDFS集群tracker是怎么樣實現負載均衡的，如果大家還有什么地方需要了解的可以在億速云行業資訊里查找自己感興趣的或者找我們的專業技術工程師解答的，億速云技術工程師在行業內擁有十幾年的經驗了。
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