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這篇文章給大家分享的是有關C語言如何實現簡單學生管理系統的內容。小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家做個參考，一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
花了一個月的時間，學習了鏈表，文件，多文件編程，然后就開始寫學生管理系統，比較簡單的那種，實現了增，添，改，查，多種排序，輸入的時候的限定，成績分析的功能。遇到的問題很多，也嘗試解決了，下面寫點寫學生管理系統的要注意的地方，希望對別人有幫助。
1.一定要先寫好主函數的框架，然后再往上面加東西，這樣說有點籠統，我把我的主函數在下面，可以借鑒下哈。我的主函數是一個while(1)的無限循環，里面一個switch選擇，利用一個菜單函數，讓其返回值當成switch選擇的值，然后進入不同的功能主函數，其他功能主函數和主函數的套路一樣。
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
login(); //這是個的介紹自己的函數
Sleep(1000);
//睡眠函數
while(1)
{
switch(menu())
//主菜單選擇函數
{
case 1:
system("CLS");
//清屏函數
printf("\t\t________學生成績添加_______");
head=luru();
cr(head);
int choice;
scanf("%d",&choice);
if(choice==0)
break;
case 2:
system("CLS");
//printf("\t\t_________學生成績排序和刪除___\d");
paxu();
int end;
scanf("%d",&end);
if(end==0)
break;
case 3:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t__________成績的修改__________");
xg();
int a;
scanf("%d",&a);
if(a==0)
break;
case 4:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t___________學生信息分析_______");
fx();
int b;
scanf("%d",&b);
if(b==0)
break;
case 5:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t___________謝謝使用哈_______\n");
Sleep(1000);
exit(-1);
break;
}
system("PAUSE");
}
return 0;
}
2.輸入模塊一定要注意輸入的格式，我采用的尾插法，每次處理好一個節點后就讓用戶判定是否繼續輸入，在格式控制方面，我當用戶輸入一次，就判定它是否符號規范，如果不規范，就重新輸入。最后存入文件中。
3.一定要把函數寫的利用率高一點，這樣就可以減少代碼的重復書寫，這個全憑自己的寫代碼的風格了，我自己在這點也沒有做太好，反省中，以前剛開始學c的時候有人說c語言的主體是函數，不太懂，等寫完這個，感覺說的真的很對，c語言的函數寫好后，在該用的時候直接引用，很方便。
完整代碼
主函數
main.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "student.h"
#include <string.h>
/* run this program using the console pauser or add your own getch, system("pause") or input loop */
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
login();
//struct student *head;
Sleep(1000);
while(1)
{
switch(menu())
{
case 1:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t________學生成績添加_______");
head=luru();
cr(head);
int choice;
scanf("%d",&choice);
if(choice==0)
break;
case 2:
system("CLS");
//printf("\t\t_________學生成績排序和刪除___\d");
paxu();
int end;
scanf("%d",&end);
if(end==0)
break;
case 3:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t__________成績的修改__________");
xg();
int a;
scanf("%d",&a);
if(a==0)
break;
case 4:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t___________學生信息分析_______");
fx();
int b;
scanf("%d",&b);
if(b==0)
break;
case 5:
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t___________謝謝使用哈_______\n");
Sleep(1000);
exit(-1);
break;
}
system("PAUSE");
}
return 0;
}函數聲明
student.h
#include <stdio.h>
struct student *temp;
struct student *head;
struct student{
int num;
char name[6];
int yw;
int sx;
int yy;
struct student*next;
};
int menu();
void login();
struct student* luru();
void cr(struct student *h);
struct student*cc();
int menu1();
void paxu();
void px1();
void px2();
void px3();
void px4();
void sanch();
void tj();
void xg();
void fx();函數定義
student.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include "student.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int menu()
{
char n;
do{
system("cls");
printf("\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|\n");
printf("\t\t\t| *****學生管理系統***** |\n");
printf("\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|\n");
printf("\t\t\t| 1.學生成績錄入 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t| 2.學生成績排序和刪除 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t| 3.成績的修改 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t| 4.學生成績分析 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t| 5.退出程序 |\n");
printf("\t\t\t---------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("請選擇1-5：");
n=getch();
}while(n<'0'||n>'5');
return(n-48);
}
void login()
{
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t 學生信息管理系統\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t 版本號：0.2\n\n");
printf("\n\n\n\n\t\t\t 2017年5月10日\n\n");
printf("\n\n\t\t\t sakurakid\n");
}
struct student *luru()
{
struct student*rhead ,*r,*t,*stu;
rhead=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
t=rhead;
rhead->next=NULL;
char xx;
int flag=1;
printf("\t\t_____________________________\n");
printf("\t\t| 學生管理系統 |\n");
printf("\t\t_____________________________\n");
printf("\t\t| |\n");
printf("\t\t| 輸入1添加 |\n");
printf("\t\t| 輸入0退出 |\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________|\n");
while(xx!='1'&&xx!='0')
{
xx=getch();
}
if(xx=='1')
{
system("CLS");
do{
system("CLS");
stu=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
printf("\t\t_____________________________\n");
printf("\t\t| 學生管理系統 |\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t| |\n");
printf("\t\t| 輸入1添加 |\n");
printf("\t\t| 輸入0退出 |\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t學號: ");scanf("%d",&stu->num);
if(stu->num > 99999999||stu->num < 10000000)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t_請輸入8位非負數__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入學號: ");scanf("%d",&stu->num);
}
printf("\t\t姓名: ");scanf("%s",stu->name);
if(stu->name[0] > 0)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t______姓名請輸入漢字__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入姓名: ");scanf("%s",stu->name);
}
printf("\t\t語文: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yw);
printf("\t\t數學: ");scanf("%d",&stu->sx);
printf("\t\t英語: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yy);
if(stu->sx<0||stu->sx>100||stu->yw<0||stu->yw>100||stu->yy<0||stu->yy>100)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t_成績請輸入0-100之間__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入成績\n");
printf("\t\t語文: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yw);
printf("\t\t數學: ");scanf("%d",&stu->sx);
printf("\t\t英語: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yy);
}
t->next=stu;
t=stu;
xx = getch();
printf("繼續輸入請按1，退出請按0：");
while(xx!='1'&&xx!='0')
{
xx=getch();
}
}while(xx=='1');
t->next=NULL;
}
return (rhead);
}
void cr(struct student *h)
{
struct student *stu;
FILE*fp;
if((fp=fopen("學生信息.txt","wt"))==NULL)
{
printf("文件出錯233，按任意鍵退出！");
getch();
exit(1);
}
for(stu=h->next;stu!=NULL;stu=stu->next)
{
fprintf(fp,"%d %s %d %d %d\n",stu->num,stu->name,stu->yw,stu->sx,stu->yy);
}
fclose(fp);
}
struct student*cc()
{
struct student*ahead,*r,*stu;
FILE*f1;
f1=fopen("學生信息.txt","rt");
ahead=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
ahead->next=NULL;
r=ahead;
while(!feof(f1))
{
stu=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
fscanf(f1,"%d %s %d %d %d\n",&stu->num,stu->name,&stu->yw,&stu->sx,&stu->yy);
r->next=stu;
r=stu;
}
r->next=NULL;
fclose(f1);
return ahead;
}
int menu1()
{
system("CLS");
char n;
do{
system("CLS");
printf("\t\t__________________________________________________\n");
printf("\t\t| |\n");
printf("\t\t| 1.順序排序 2.按英語排序 3.按語文排序 |\n");
printf("\t\t| 4.按數學排序 5.刪除學生 6.添加學生 |\n");
printf("\t\t| |\n");
printf("\t\t|______________按0退出___________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t請選擇0-6：");
n=getch();
}while(n<'0'||n>'6');
return (n-48);
}
void paxu()
{
system("CLS");
char n;
do{
switch(menu1())
{
case 1:
px1();
break;
case 2:
system("CLS");
px2();
break;
case 3:
system("CLS");
px3();
break;
case 4:
system("CLS");
px4();
break;
case 5:
system("CLS");
sanch();
break;
case 6:
system("CLS");
tj();
break;
}
printf("繼續輸入請按1，退出請按0：");
n=getch();
while(n!='1'&&n!='0')
{
n=getch();
}
}while(n=='1');
if(n=='0')
return;
}
void px1()
{
struct student *t,*h;
h=cc();
printf("\n");
printf("\t\t%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\n","學號","姓名","語文","數學","英語","平均分","總分");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for(t=h->next;t!=NULL;t=t->next)
{
printf("\t\t%10d%10s%10d%10d%10d%\n",t->num,t->name,t->yw,t->sx,t->yy);
}
}
void px2()
{
struct student *p,*q,*head,*t;
head=cc();
int tnum;
char tname[6];
int tyw;
int tsx;
int tyy;
for(p = head->next;p->next!=NULL;p=p->next){
for(q=p->next;q!=NULL;q=q->next){
if(p->yy < q->yy)
{
tnum=p->num;
p->num=q->num;
q->num=tnum;
strcpy(tname,p->name);
strcpy(p->name,q->name);
strcpy(q->name,tname);
tyw=p->yw;
p->yw=q->yw;
q->yw=tyw;
tsx=p->sx;
p->sx=q->sx;
q->sx=tsx;
tyy=p->yy;
p->yy=q->yy;
q->yy=tyy;
}
}
}
printf("\t\t 英語排序 \n");
printf("\t\t%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\n","學號","姓名","語文","數學","英語","平均分","總分");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for(t=head->next;t!=NULL;t=t->next)
{
printf("\t\t%10d%10s%10d%10d%10d%\n",t->num,t->name,t->yw,t->sx,t->yy);
}
}
void px3()
{
struct student *p,*q,*head,*t;
head=cc();
int tnum;
char tname[6];
int tyw;
int tsx;
int tyy;
for(p = head->next;p->next!=NULL;p=p->next){
for(q=p->next;q!=NULL;q=q->next){
if(p->yw < q->yw)
{
tnum=p->num;
p->num=q->num;
q->num=tnum;
strcpy(tname,p->name);
strcpy(p->name,q->name);
strcpy(q->name,tname);
tyw=p->yw;
p->yw=q->yw;
q->yw=tyw;
tsx=p->sx;
p->sx=q->sx;
q->sx=tsx;
tyy=p->yy;
p->yy=q->yy;
q->yy=tyy;
}
}
}
printf("\t\t 語文排序 \n");
printf("\t\t%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\n","學號","姓名","語文","數學","英語","平均分","總分");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for(t=head->next;t!=NULL;t=t->next)
{
printf("\t\t%10d%10s%10d%10d%10d%\n",t->num,t->name,t->yw,t->sx,t->yy);
}
}
void px4()
{
struct student *p,*q,*head,*t;
head=cc();
int tnum;
char tname[6];
int tyw;
int tsx;
int tyy;
for(p = head->next;p->next!=NULL;p=p->next){
for(q=p->next;q!=NULL;q=q->next){
if(p->sx < q->sx)
{
tnum=p->num;
p->num=q->num;
q->num=tnum;
strcpy(tname,p->name);
strcpy(p->name,q->name);
strcpy(q->name,tname);
tyw=p->yw;
p->yw=q->yw;
q->yw=tyw;
tsx=p->sx;
p->sx=q->sx;
q->sx=tsx;
tyy=p->yy;
p->yy=q->yy;
q->yy=tyy;
}
}
}
printf("\t\t 數學排序 \n");
printf("\t\t%10s%10s%10s%10s%10s\n","學號","姓名","語文","數學","英語","平均分","總分");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for(t=head->next;t!=NULL;t=t->next)
{
printf("\t\t%10d%10s%10d%10d%10d%\n",t->num,t->name,t->yw,t->sx,t->yy);
}
}
void sanch()
{
px1();
struct student *p,*q,*phead,*t,*m;
phead=cc();
int n;
int flag=0;
printf("\t\t____________________________________________________\n");
printf("\t\t|______________刪除學生信息_________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t請輸入要刪除的學生學號：");
scanf("%d",&n);
p=phead;
for(m=phead;m!=NULL;m=m->next)
{
if(m->num==n)
{
printf("\t\t已經查到改學生的信息\n");
flag=0;
break;
}
else
flag=1;
}
if(flag==1)
printf("\t\t抱歉，沒有查到該學生的信息\n");
if(flag==0)
{
if(phead->num==n)
{
phead=phead->next;
}
else
{
while(p->num!=n && p->next!=NULL)
{
t=p;
p=p->next;
}
if(p->num==n)
{
t->next=p->next;
}
}
printf("\t\t該學生信息已刪除\n");
}
cr(phead);
}
void tj()
{
struct student *phead,*stu;
phead=cc();
printf("\t\t____________________________________________________\n");
printf("\t\t|______________添加學生信息_________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________________________________|\n");
stu=(struct student*)malloc(sizeof(struct student));
printf("\t\t學號: ");scanf("%d",&stu->num);
if(stu->num > 99999999||stu->num < 10000000)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t_請輸入8位非負數__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入學號: ");scanf("%d",&stu->num);
}
printf("\t\t姓名: ");scanf("%s",stu->name);
if(stu->name[0] > 0)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t______姓名請輸入漢字__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入姓名: ");scanf("%s",stu->name);
}
printf("\t\t語文: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yw);
printf("\t\t數學: ");scanf("%d",&stu->sx);
printf("\t\t英語: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yy);
if(stu->sx<0||stu->sx>100||stu->yw<0||stu->yw>100||stu->yy<0||stu->yy>100)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t_成績請輸入0-100之間__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入成績\n");
printf("\t\t語文: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yw);
printf("\t\t數學: ");scanf("%d",&stu->sx);
printf("\t\t英語: ");scanf("%d",&stu->yy);
}
stu->next=phead->next;
phead->next=stu;
printf("\t\t學生信息已存入\n");
cr(phead);
}
void xg()
{
system("CLS");
char n;
do{
system("CLS");
px1();
struct student *p,*q,*phead,*t,*m;
int flag=0;
int timp;
phead=cc();
printf("\t\t____________________________________________________\n");
printf("\t\t|______________修改學生信息_________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t請輸入要修改的學生學號：");
scanf("%d",&timp);
p=phead;
for(m=phead;m!=NULL;m=m->next)
{
if(m->num==timp)
{
printf("\t\t已經查到改學生的信息\n");
flag=0;
break;
}
else
flag=1;
}
if(flag==1)
printf("\t\t抱歉，沒有查到該學生的信息\n");
if(flag==0)
{
printf("\t\t該學生的原信息如下\n");
printf("\t\t學號：%d\n",m->num);
printf("\t\t姓名：%s\n",m->name);
printf("\t\t語文：%d\n",m->yw);
printf("\t\t數學：%d\n",m->sx);
printf("\t\t英語：%d\n\n",m->yy);
printf("\t\t請重新輸入該學生的信息\n");
printf("\t\t學號: ");scanf("%d",&m->num);
if(m->num > 99999999||m->num < 10000000)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t_請輸入8位非負數__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入學號: ");scanf("%d",&m->num);
}
printf("\t\t姓名: ");scanf("%s",m->name);
if(m->name[0] > 0)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t______姓名請輸入漢字__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入姓名: ");scanf("%s",m->name);
}
printf("\t\t語文: ");scanf("%d",&m->yw);
printf("\t\t數學: ");scanf("%d",&m->sx);
printf("\t\t英語: ");scanf("%d",&m->yy);
if(m->sx<0||m->sx>100||m->yw<0||m->yw>100||m->yy<0||m->yy>100)
{
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t_成績請輸入0-100之間__\n");
printf("\t\t______________________\n");
printf("\t\t重新輸入成績\n");
printf("\t\t語文: ");scanf("%d",&m->yw);
printf("\t\t數學: ");scanf("%d",&m->sx);
printf("\t\t英語: ");scanf("%d",&m->yy);
}
printf("\t\t該學生信息已修改\n");
cr(phead);
}
printf("繼續修改請按1，退出請按0：");
n=getch();
while(n!='1'&&n!='0')
{
n=getch();
}
}while(n=='1');
if(n=='0')
return;
}
void fx()
{
struct student *p,*q,*phead,*t,*m;
int flag=0;
int jyw=0;
int jsx=0;
int jyy=0;
int timp;
int n=0;
phead=cc();
p=phead;
for(t=p->next;t!=NULL;t=t->next)
{
n++;
if(t->sx>=60)
jsx++;
if(t->yw>=60)
jyw++;
if(t->yy>=60)
jyy++;
}
printf("\t\t____________________________________________________\n");
printf("\t\t|______________學生成績分析_________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t|___________________________________________________|\n");
printf("\t\t一共錄入了%d個學生成績\n",n);
printf("\t\t語文及格人數為%d\n",jyw);
printf("\t\t數學及格人數為%d\n",jsx);
printf("\t\t英語及格人數為%d\n",jyy);
printf("\t\t分析完畢\n");
printf("退出請按0：");
}感謝各位的閱讀！關于“C語言如何實現簡單學生管理系統”這篇文章就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，讓大家可以學到更多知識，如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧！
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