Oracle MATCH_RECOGNIZE子句是一個高級分析功能,用于在行序列上應用模式識別
MATCH_RECOGNIZE子句的語法如下:
SELECT [column_list]
FROM table_name
MATCH_RECOGNIZE (
[PARTITION BY partition_columns]
[ORDER BY order_columns]
[MEASURES measure_expressions]
[ONE ROW PER MATCH]
[AFTER MATCH SKIP skip_condition]
[PATTERN (pattern_expression)]
[DEFINE define_expressions]
)
參數說明:
PARTITION BY partition_columns
:將輸入數據按照指定的列進行分區。ORDER BY order_columns
:指定輸入數據的排序方式。MEASURES measure_expressions
:定義輸出結果中的度量值,可以包括標量函數、聚合函數等。ONE ROW PER MATCH
:指定每個匹配項只返回一行結果。AFTER MATCH SKIP skip_condition
:定義在當前匹配項之后跳過多少行,可選值有:SKIP TO NEXT ROW(默認值)、SKIP PAST LAST ROW、SKIP TO FIRST variable_name、SKIP TO LAST variable_name。PATTERN (pattern_expression)
:定義要匹配的模式,包括事件、量詞、邏輯操作符等。DEFINE define_expressions
:定義模式中使用的變量及其條件。以下是一個簡單的示例:
SELECT *
FROM orders
MATCH_RECOGNIZE (
PARTITION BY customer_id
ORDER BY order_date
MEASURES
FIRST(A.order_date) AS first_order_date,
LAST(B.order_date) AS last_order_date
ONE ROW PER MATCH
AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW
PATTERN (A B)
DEFINE
A AS A.amount > 1000,
B AS B.amount < 500
)
這個查詢從orders表中查找每個客戶的第一筆大于1000元的訂單(A)和緊隨其后的小于500元的訂單(B),并返回第一筆訂單的日期和最后一筆訂單的日期。