gethostbyname 函數本身不直接支持 IPv6 地址解析

要在代碼中使用 getaddrinfo，請參考以下示例：

#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    struct addrinfo hints, *res, *p;
    int status;
    char ipstr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];

    if (argc != 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s hostname\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
    hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC; // AF_INET or AF_INET6 to force version
    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;

    if ((status = getaddrinfo(argv[1], NULL, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "getaddrinfo: %s\n", gai_strerror(status));
        exit(1);
    }

    printf("IP addresses for %s:\n\n", argv[1]);

    for (p = res; p != NULL; p = p->ai_next) {
        void *addr;
        char *ipver;

        // get the pointer to the address itself,
        // different fields in IPv4 and IPv6:
        if (p->ai_family == AF_INET) { // IPv4
            struct sockaddr_in *ipv4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)p->ai_addr;
            addr = &(ipv4->sin_addr);
            ipver = "IPv4";
        } else { // IPv6
            struct sockaddr_in6 *ipv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)p->ai_addr;
            addr = &(ipv6->sin6_addr);
            ipver = "IPv6";
        }

        // convert the IP to a string and print it:
        inet_ntop(p->ai_family, addr, ipstr, sizeof ipstr);
        printf("%s: %s\n", ipver, ipstr);
    }

    freeaddrinfo(res); // remember to free the memory allocated by getaddrinfo
    return 0;
}

這個示例程序將輸入的主機名解析為 IPv4 和 IPv6 地址。如果你只想解析特定版本的地址，可以通過修改 hints.ai_family 來實現。