Java JSON Schema 庫，如 jsonschema-core 和 jsonschema-validator，可以幫助您處理和驗證復雜的數據結構。以下是一些關于如何使用這些庫處理復雜數據的示例。

首先，確保將所需的依賴項添加到項目中。對于 Maven 項目，可以在 pom.xml 文件中添加以下依賴項：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.fge</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsonschema-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.13.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.fge</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsonschema-validator</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.6</version>
</dependency>

接下來，我們將處理一個包含嵌套對象和數組的復雜 JSON 數據。

示例 JSON 數據

{
  "name": "John Doe",
  "age": 30,
  "address": {
    "street": "123 Main St",
    "city": "New York",
    "state": "NY",
    "zip": "10001"
  },
  "phoneNumbers": [
    {
      "type": "home",
      "number": "555-555-1234"
    },
    {
      "type": "work",
      "number": "555-555-5678"
    }
  ]
}

JSON Schema 數據

{
  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "name": {
      "type": "string"
    },
    "age": {
      "type": "integer",
      "minimum": 0
    },
    "address": {
      "$ref": "#/definitions/address"
    },
    "phoneNumbers": {
      "type": "array",
      "items": {
        "$ref": "#/definitions/phoneNumber"
      }
    }
  },
  "definitions": {
    "address": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "street": {
          "type": "string"
        },
        "city": {
          "type": "string"
        },
        "state": {
          "type": "string"
        },
        "zip": {
          "type": "string",
          "format": "uuid"
        }
      },
      "required": ["street", "city", "state", "zip"]
    },
    "phoneNumber": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "type": {
          "type": "string"
        },
        "number": {
          "type": "string"
        }
      },
      "required": ["type", "number"]
    }
  }
}

Java 代碼示例

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
import com.github.fge.jsonschema.core.exceptions.ProcessingException;
import com.github.fge.jsonschema.core.report.ProcessingReport;
import com.github.fge.jsonschema.main.JsonSchema;
import com.github.fge.jsonschema.main.JsonSchemaFactory;
import com.github.fge.jsonschema.main.JsonValidator;

public class JsonSchemaExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String json = "{\"name\":\"John Doe\",\"age\":30,\"address\":{\"street\":\"123 Main St\",\"city\":\"New York\",\"state\":\"NY\",\"zip\":\"10001\"},\"phoneNumbers\":[{\"type\":\"home\",\"number\":\"555-555-1234\"},{\"type\":\"work\",\"number\":\"555-555-5678\"}]}";
        String schema = "{\"$schema\":\"http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#\",\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"name\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"age\":{\"type\":\"integer\",\"minimum\":0},\"address\":{\"$ref\":\"#/definitions/address\"},\"phoneNumbers\":{\"type\":\"array\",\"items\":{\"$ref\":\"#/definitions/phoneNumber\"}},\"definitions\":{\"address\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"street\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"city\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"state\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"zip\":{\"type\":\"string\",\"format\":\"uuid\"}},\"required\":[\"street\",\"city\",\"state\",\"zip\"]},\"phoneNumber\":{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"type\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"number\":{\"type\":\"string\"}},\"required\":[\"type\",\"number\"]}}}";

        try {
            ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
            ObjectNode jsonNode = (ObjectNode) objectMapper.readTree(json);
            JsonNode schemaNode = objectMapper.readTree(schema);

            JsonSchemaFactory schemaFactory = JsonSchemaFactory.getInstance();
            JsonSchema jsonSchema = schemaFactory.getJsonSchema(schemaNode);

            JsonValidator validator = JsonValidator.getInstance();
            ProcessingReport report = validator.validate(jsonSchema, jsonNode);

            if (report.isSuccess()) {
                System.out.println("JSON is valid.");
            } else {
                System.out.println("JSON is invalid: " + report.getErrors());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

在這個示例中，我們首先將 JSON 數據和 JSON Schema 數據解析為 Java 對象。然后，我們使用 JsonSchemaFactory 創建一個 JsonSchema 實例，并使用 JsonValidator 驗證 JSON 數據是否符合 Schema 定義。最后，我們檢查驗證報告以確定 JSON 數據是否有效。

這個示例展示了如何使用 Java JSON Schema 庫處理包含嵌套對象和數組的復雜數據。您可以根據需要修改 JSON 數據和 Schema 數據以適應您的具體需求。